Python Programming

A Summer Internship
Report Submitted to the

Faculty of Engineering & Technology

in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree of

Bachelors in Technology
in
Electronics & Communication Engineering

Submitted by

(Entry. No. 23BEC)

UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF

CODSOFT

SCHOOL OF ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

SHRI MATA VAISHNO DEVI UNIVERSITY
KATRA-182320, JAMMU AND KASHMIR (INDIA)
Dec, 2024
 CANDIDATE’S DECLARATION

I hereby certify that the work which is being presented in the report, entitled “Python
programming ” for the award of the degree of “Bachelors of Technology” submitted in the
School of Electronics & Communication, Faculty of Engineering & Technology, Shri Mata
Vaishno Devi University, Katra is an authentic record of my own work carried out under the
supervision of ___codsoft_____________.

The matter presented in this thesis has not been submitted by me for the award of any
degree/diploma of this or any other University/Institute.

Date: _________,2024 Student Name:-

( Entry No.):-

i
CERTIFICATE

ii
 Evaluation Report
Name of the Student :_Raghav Sharma_______________
Entry No._23bec041___________
Summer Internship Duration with dates: _15-05-24 to 15-06-24___________

Evaluator 1
Name: _________________
Signature_______________

Evaluator 2
Name: _________________
Signature_______________

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

I wish to express my profound regards and deep sense of gratitude to my advisors and
mentors.The internship opportunity I had with Codsoft. was a splendid hazard for learning and
professional development. Consequently, I don't forget myself as a completely fortunate
character as i used to be furnished with an opportunity to be a part of it. I'm also grateful for
having a hazard to fulfill specialists who let me though this internship period. I’m using this
opportunity to explicit my deepest gratitude to __codsoft________________________,
___________________team codsoft_____ who despite being busy with his duties, took out
time to listen, manual and keep me on the appropriate route and permitting me to perform my
education in their esteemed organization. I pick out this moment to well-known her contribution
gratefully. I additionally thank her for his cautious and valuable guidance which had been
extraordinarily treasured for my observe each theoretically and practically. it's miles my radiant
sentiment to location on report my exceptional regards, deepest feel of gratitude to Junior
Engineer there. I perceive this possibility as a big milestone in my career development. I can
strive to apply won abilities and understanding in the satisfactory possible manner, and I’m able
to keep to paintings on their development, as a way to attain desired profession targets.

Student Name:- Raghav Sharma

(Entry Number):- 23bec041

iv
 ABSTRACT

This report provides a comprehensive introduction to the Python programming language,

tailored for beginners and those new to programming. Python is widely recognized for its
simplicity and readability, making it an ideal first language for learning fundamental
programming concepts. The report covers key features of Python, starting with its basic
syntax, data types (such as integers, strings, and lists), and fundamental control structures,
including conditional statements (if-else) and looping constructs (for and while loops). It
also introduces the concept of functions, along with variable assignment, user input/output
handling, and basic error management using exceptions.

In addition, the report explores Python’s versatile data structures, such as lists, tuples, and
dictionaries, highlighting their applications in real-world problem-solving. The use of
built-in functions and libraries is also discussed, emphasizing Python's role in simplifying
code and enhancing productivity. Practical examples and code snippets illustrate the
application of these basic concepts in developing simple programs, helping readers build a
strong foundation in Python programming.

The report also touches on Python's broad applicability across various domains, from data
analysis and web development to automation and machine learning. By the end of this
report, readers will have gained a solid understanding of Python’s core principles,
empowering them to write basic Python programs and pursue more advanced topics in
programming and software development.

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 CONTENTS

Page No.

Candidate Declaration i
Internship certificate ii
Acknowledgements iv
Abstract v
Contents vi
List of Abbreviations and Symbols vii-vii
1. Company Profile 1-4
1.1 Overview of company 1
1.2 Mission and vision of company 2
1.3 Services provided by the company 3-4

2. Tasks performed in python 5-11

2.1 To make a random password generator using python 5-6
2.2 To make a calculator using python 7-9
2.3 To make a to do list using python 10-11

Summary
References

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LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS

Here is a list of common abbreviations, symbols, and terminology used in basic Python
programming:

1. Common Abbreviations:

• int: Integer
• str: String
• bool: Boolean (True or False)
• list: List (Ordered, mutable collection of items)
• tuple: Tuple (Ordered, immutable collection of items)
• dict: Dictionary (Key-value pairs)
• set: Set (Unordered collection of unique items)
• len(): Length (returns the number of items in an object)
• arr: Array (Similar to lists but typically used with numerical data, in libraries like
NumPy)
• fn: Function
• var: Variable
• obj: Object (instance of a class)
• cls: Class
• def: Define (used for defining functions)
• for: For loop
• if: If condition (conditional statement)
• else: Else condition (conditional statement)
• elif: Else if condition (conditional statement)
• try: Try block (used for exception handling)
• except: Except block (used for catching exceptions)

2. Common Symbols:

• +: Addition or concatenation (for strings)

• -: Subtraction or negation
• *: Multiplication or repetition (for strings or lists)
• /: Division (floating-point)
• //: Floor division (integer division)
• %: Modulo (remainder of division)
• **: Exponentiation (e.g., 2 ** 3 is 2 raised to the power of 3)
• =: Assignment operator
• ==: Equality operator (checks if two values are equal)
• !=: Not equal to operator
• >: Greater than
• <: Less than
• >=: Greater than or equal to
• <=: Less than or equal to
• and: Logical AND operator
• or: Logical OR operator
• not: Logical NOT operator
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 • in: Membership operator (checks if a value is in a collection)
• is: Identity operator (checks if two variables point to the same object in memory)
• is not: Identity operator (checks if two variables do not point to the same object)
• []: List or index access (used for lists, strings, etc.)
• (): Parentheses (for function calls, tuples, and grouping)
• {}: Dictionary (key-value pairs) or set (unique values)
• :: Colon (used for defining function signatures, slicing, and in control structures like loops
and conditionals)
• #: Comment (single-line comment)
• """ or ''': Multiline string (also used for docstrings)
• \\: Escape character (used for special characters in strings)
• \n: Newline character
• \t: Tab character

3. Function and Method Abbreviations:

• def: Define a function

• print(): Prints output to the console
• input(): Takes input from the user
• str(): Converts a value to a string
• int(): Converts a value to an integer
• float(): Converts a value to a float
• len(): Returns the length of an object (e.g., string, list)
• range(): Generates a sequence of numbers (used in loops)
• min(): Returns the smallest item in an iterable
• max(): Returns the largest item in an iterable
• sum(): Returns the sum of all items in an iterable
• sorted(): Returns a sorted list
• type(): Returns the type of an object
• isinstance(): Checks if an object is an instance of a class or type
• open(): Opens a file
• close(): Closes a file
• read(): Reads content from a file
• write(): Writes content to a file
• append(): Adds an item to the end of a list

5. Control Flow Keywords:

• if: Conditional statement (executes a block of code if a condition is true)

• elif: Else-if condition (checks another condition if the first is false)
• else: Else condition (executes code if all previous conditions are false)
• for: For loop (iterates over a sequence)
• while: While loop (repeats code as long as a condition is true)
• break: Exits the nearest loop
• continue: Skips the rest of the current loop iteration and moves to the next iteration

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Chapter -1

COMPANY PROFILE

1.1 Overview of the company

CodSoft is an IT services and consultancy company that helps businesses solve problems using technology. They
are specialized in creating smart and innovative solutions that improve how companies work. They’re passionate
about technology and believe it has the power to change the world for the better.

Our Internship Program:

At CodSoft, that hands-on experience is the best way to learn. That's why their internship program focuses on
giving students real-world experience and practical knowledge. They want to help students who may not yet have
the basic skills they need for a successful career in tech. Through live projects and examples from the industry, they
offer interns the chance to build their skills in a real working environment.

What Makes Codsoft’s Internship Unique?

1. Real-World Learning: Interns work on actual projects that businesses are tackling. This gives them a
chance to apply what they learn in class to solve real problems.
2. Guidance from Experts: CodSoft's team is made up of experienced professionals who are passionate about
teaching. Our mentors will help interns grow by providing advice, answering questions, and sharing their
knowledge.
3. Inclusive and Supportive Environment: They believe in a culture of learning where everyone is
encouraged to share ideas, ask questions, and learn from each other. Interns will be part of a team that
values creativity and teamwork.
4. Skill Development: They don’t just focus on technical skills; they also help interns improve their
communication, problem-solving, and teamwork skills, all of which are important for any tech career.

Why Join CodSoft’s Internship Program?

• You’ll gain hands-on experience that will make you stand out when looking for your first job.
• You’ll learn from experts in the industry who will help you develop both your technical and professional
skills.
• You’ll be part of a team that values your growth, creativity, and ideas.

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1.2 Mission and vision of the company

Software Development as an Iterative Process:

Software development is rarely a one-time task; it’s a continuous, iterative process that focuses on improving and
refining software over time. The goal is not only to build a product but to keep enhancing it, ensuring that it stays
relevant, efficient, and valuable for its users.

Key Steps in the Iterative Process:

1. Gathering Feedback: One of the first steps in continuous improvement is actively collecting feedback
from users, stakeholders, and testers. This could be in the form of surveys, direct user input, bug reports, or
even usage analytics. The idea is to understand how the software is being used, what works well, and what
doesn’t.
2. Identifying Areas for Improvement: Based on the feedback and data collected, development teams can
pinpoint areas where the software could be enhanced. This might involve fixing bugs, addressing user
complaints, optimizing performance, or adding new features that would make the software more useful.
3. Implementing Updates: Once areas for improvement are identified, developers implement updates or
changes to the software. These updates can range from simple bug fixes to more significant feature
upgrades or redesigns. The key here is to make the software more efficient, reliable, and user-friendly
with each update.
4. Testing and Validation: After the changes are made, new versions of the software are tested to ensure that
the improvements actually solve the problems identified. Testing also ensures that no new issues are
introduced into the system during the update process. This is an important part of maintaining the software's
reliability and stability.

Why Continuous Improvement is Crucial:

• Improving Efficiency: By refining and optimizing the code, developers can make the software run faster,
use fewer resources, and deliver a better overall user experience.
• Enhancing User-Friendliness: As software evolves, it’s important to continually make it more intuitive
and easier to use. This might involve redesigning user interfaces (UI), simplifying workflows, or
improving accessibility.
• Maintaining Reliability: Over time, software can encounter unexpected problems, especially as it interacts
with new technologies or different environments. Continuous updates and monitoring help keep the
software reliable and bug-free, which is critical for maintaining user trust.

Staying Up to Date with Technologies:

To ensure that the software remains competitive and meets the latest standards, developers need to stay updated
with industry trends. The world of technology is constantly evolving, with new programming languages,
frameworks, tools, and best practices emerging regularly. Continuous improvement involves adopting these new
technologies and integrating them into the software to keep it modern, secure, and capable of delivering the best
possible performance.

For example:
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 • New programming languages may offer better performance or improved security features.
• Updated tools and frameworks can help developers build software more efficiently and reduce development time.
• Industry trends, like shifts towards cloud computing or artificial intelligence, can open up new opportunities for
software to add more value to users.

Benefits of Continuous Improvement:

• Adaptability: By constantly evolving, the software can adapt to changing user needs and market demands.
• Customer Satisfaction: Regular updates based on user feedback show customers that their needs are being
prioritized, which helps build loyalty.
• Long-Term Success: Software that is continuously improved will remain relevant for a longer period, allowing it to
maintain its position in the market and continue delivering value over time.

In essence, continuous improvement in software development means never settling for "good enough." It’s about
constantly striving to make the product better through feedback, testing, and staying current with new technologies.
By doing so, software not only meets the current needs of users but also evolves to anticipate and fulfill future
demands.

CodSoft Internship Program: Unlock Your Future in Technology

At CodSoft, we believe in the power of practical learning and hands-on experience to shape the future of
technology. As part of our commitment to nurturing the next generation of tech talent, we offer a wide range of
internship programs designed to provide students with real-world experience and the skills needed to excel in
their careers. Our internships cover the most in-demand fields in the tech industry, including Web Development,
Android Development, Data Science, Java, C++, Python, UI/UX Design, Artificial Intelligence (AI), and
Machine Learning (ML).

Internship Opportunities at CodSoft:

1. Web Development: Dive into the world of web development, where you'll learn how to create dynamic,
interactive, and user-friendly websites. As an intern, you'll work with modern technologies such as HTML,
CSS, JavaScript, and frameworks like React and Angular. Gain valuable experience by contributing to live
web development projects and working with real-world client requirements.
2. Android Development: Android is one of the most widely used mobile operating systems, and this
internship will give you hands-on experience in building Android apps using Java and Kotlin. You'll learn
how to design and develop mobile applications, work with APIs, and integrate features such as notifications,
maps, and databases, preparing you for a career in mobile app development.
3. Data Science: Data is the backbone of decision-making in today's tech-driven world. As a Data Science
intern, you will learn how to analyze and visualize large datasets, apply statistical techniques, and use tools
like Python, R, and SQL to extract meaningful insights. This internship will give you the foundation to
work in the growing field of data science and analytics.
4. Java Development: Java is one of the most popular and widely-used programming languages in the world.
Our Java internship will give you the opportunity to develop your coding skills, learn how to build and
maintain Java-based applications, and work with frameworks like Spring and Hibernate. Whether you’re
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 developing web apps, enterprise solutions, or mobile applications, this internship will equip you with the
skills for a successful Java development career.
5. C++ Development: C++ is a powerful language used for system-level programming, game development,
and high-performance applications. As a C++ intern, you will learn how to write efficient, optimized code
and work on projects involving memory management, algorithms, and data structures. If you have a passion
for coding at a deeper, more technical level, this internship will prepare you for a career in systems
programming and game development.
6. Python Development: Python is one of the most versatile and beginner-friendly programming languages.
This internship will teach you how to write clean, efficient code using Python for web development,
automation, data analysis, and more. Whether you’re working with different libraries this internship will
help you build strong foundations in Python and software development.
7. UI/UX Design: In today's digital world, creating great user experiences is crucial for the success of any
product. As a UI/UX Design intern at CodSoft, you’ll learn how to design intuitive, visually appealing user
interfaces and create seamless user experiences. You’ll work with tools like Adobe XD, Sketch to design
wireframes, prototypes, and user flows, and learn how to conduct usability testing and gather user feedback.
8. Artificial Intelligence (AI): AI is transforming industries around the world, and this internship will give
you an opportunity to dive into the exciting field of AI. You’ll learn how to develop intelligent systems
using machine learning, neural networks, and deep learning techniques. Whether you’re working on natural
language processing (NLP), computer vision, or intelligent systems, you’ll gain practical experience in
applying AI algorithms to solve real-world problems.
9. Machine Learning (ML): Machine learning is one of the most in-demand fields in tech today. As an intern
in this area, you’ll work with algorithms and models that allow computers to learn from data and make
predictions. You’ll learn about supervised and unsupervised learning, neural networks, regression models,
and classification, while using popular libraries.This internship will provide the skills you need to pursue a
career in data science, AI, or ML engineering.

Why Choose CodSoft’s Internship Program?

• Hands-on Experience: At CodSoft, we believe that learning by doing is the best way to gain skills. As an
intern, you’ll be involved in real-world projects that will give you practical, market-ready experience in
your chosen field.
• Mentorship from Experts: You’ll have the opportunity to work alongside CodSoft’s experienced
professionals who are passionate about sharing their knowledge and guiding you through the learning
process.
• Skill Development: Our internships are designed to help you build not only technical skills but also soft
skills like teamwork, problem-solving, and communication that are essential in the tech industry.
• Career Growth: By working on live projects and learning from industry experts, you’ll gain the confidence
and expertise to kick-start your career in software development, AI, data science, and more.
• Innovative Environment: CodSoft fosters a culture of innovation, creativity, and collaboration. You’ll be
part of a team that encourages fresh ideas and supports you in achieving your goals.

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Chapter -2
Tasks performed in python

2.1 Task -1 :- To create a random password generator using python

Python password generator program is a simple script that creates strong, random passwords for
secure use. It typically uses the random or secrets module to generate random combinations of
characters, including letters, numbers, and symbols. The user can specify the desired length of the
password, and the program ensures that the generated password is both random and difficult to
guess. By combining uppercase letters, lowercase letters, digits, and special characters, the
program produces secure passwords suitable for protecting sensitive accounts. This program
demonstrates key programming concepts like randomness, user input, and string manipulation in
Python.

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Explanation of the code :-

This code generates a random password of a specified length using Python's random module. The
generate_password function takes a parameter n (the desired password length) and creates the password by
repeatedly selecting random characters from a predefined set of letters, numbers, and symbols. The function uses a
loop to append a random character to the password string for n iterations. In the main block, the script specifies n =
10 to generate a 10-character password, calls the generate_password function, and prints the result. Each time the
program runs, it outputs a unique password due to the randomness in character selection.

Output :-

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2.2 Task -2 :- To create a to- do list using python

A Python to-do list program is a simple application that helps users manage and organize their tasks. It typically
allows users to add tasks, view the current list, mark tasks as completed, and remove tasks. The program often uses
a list or dictionary to store the tasks, and user interaction is handled through input prompts and menu options. By
presenting a clear interface, users can efficiently interact with the program to keep track of their responsibilities.
This program showcases essential programming concepts such as lists, loops, functions, and conditional statements
while providing a practical tool for everyday organization.

Code :-

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Explanation of the code :-

This Python program is a simple to-do list application that allows users to manage their tasks interactively. It starts
by initializing an empty list called tasks to store the user's tasks. The program begins by greeting the user and
prompting them to specify the number of initial tasks they want to add. It then uses a for loop to collect these tasks
from the user and adds them to the tasks list. Once the initial tasks are added, the program displays them to the user.

The core functionality is implemented in an infinite while loop, which repeatedly presents the user with a menu of
operations to perform: adding a task, updating a task, deleting a task, viewing all tasks, or exiting the program.
Depending on the user's choice, the program performs the corresponding operation. For example, tasks can be
added directly to the list, updated by replacing an existing task, or deleted if it exists. The user can also view the
current list of tasks at any time. The loop continues until the user chooses to exit, ensuring that the program remains
interactive and user-friendly. This code demonstrates the use of loops, conditionals, list operations, and user input
handling in Python.

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Output of the code:-

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2.3 Task -3:- To create a basic calculator using python language

A Python calculator program is a simple script designed to perform basic arithmetic operations such as addition,
subtraction, multiplication, and division. It typically defines functions for each operation, where the input values are
processed, and the result is returned. The program prompts the user to select an operation from a menu and input
two numbers. Depending on the user’s choice, the corresponding function is called to compute the result. Special
handling, such as preventing division by zero, ensures the program avoids errors. If the input is invalid, an
appropriate error message is displayed. This type of program demonstrates essential programming concepts like
functions, conditional logic, and user interaction in Python.

Code:-

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Explanation of the code :-

This Python code implements a basic calculator that allows users to perform simple arithmetic operations: addition,
subtraction, multiplication, and division. It begins by defining four functions, each corresponding to a mathematical
operation. The add, subtract, and multiply functions return the sum, difference, and product of two inputs,
respectively. The divide function performs division but includes a check to ensure that the denominator is not zero,
avoiding a division-by-zero error. After defining these functions, the program displays a menu of operations and
enters a loop that repeatedly prompts the user for input. The user can select an operation by entering a number
corresponding to the menu options. Once an operation is chosen, the program asks the user for two numbers, which
are then passed to the appropriate function for calculation. The result is displayed to the user. If the input is invalid
(non-numeric or incorrect operation), the program handles the error gracefully by prompting the user to try again.
The loop continues until the user types 'q' to exit the calculator, making it a user-friendly interactive tool for basic
arithmetic.

Output of the code :-

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Summary :-

During my internship at Codsoft, I gained valuable experience in Python programming. I worked on a variety of
tasks that helped me enhance my coding skills, including writing efficient code, debugging, and learning how to
implement Python for real-world applications. I also had the opportunity to collaborate with the team, which
improved my problem-solving abilities and my understanding of project workflows.The internship provided me
with a solid foundation in Python, and I learned how to apply my knowledge to build functional programs. I
received constructive feedback, which allowed me to continuously improve my skills. Overall, my experience at
Codsoft was positive, and I am grateful for the opportunity to grow both technically and professionally.

References:-

• https://youtu.be/t2_Q2BRzeEE?si=rEkCa3hpUGRBgrgm
• https://www.codsoft.in/
• https://chatgpt.com/
• https://code.visualstudio.com/
• https://www.codsoft.in/verification

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