KRISHNASAMY

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

S.Kumarapuram, Cuddalore - 607 109.
Common to ALL Branches
Department of Science & Humanities
CY3151 – Engineering Chemistry
Model Exam Question Bank
Part – A (2 marks)
1. State about the influences of TDS and BOD in drinking water.
Total dissolved solids (TDS) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) are both measures of
water quality that can affect the taste, smell, and health of drinking water.

2. Write the reasons for the caustic embrittlement in boilers.

Caustic embrittlement is the phenomenon during which the boiler material becomes brittle
due to the accumulation of sodium salts in water. This type of boiler corrosion is caused by
the use of highly alkaline water in the high-pressure boiler.

3. What is meant by priming and foaming? How can they be prevented?

Priming is the process of production of wet steam. Priming can be prevented by
controlling the velocity of steam and keeping the water level lower.
Foaming is the formation of stable bubbles above the surface of water. Foaming can be
prevented by adding coagulants like sodium aluminates and anti foaming agents like
synthetic polyamides.

4. What are nanoparticles?

Nanoparticles are tiny particles that are between 1 and 100 nanometers in size. They are too
small to be seen by the human eye.

5. What are carbon nanotubes? Mention its types.

Carbon nanotube is a tubular form of carbon with 1-3nm diameter and a length of few nm
to microns.
Types: SWCNT and MWCNT

6. What are nanoclusters?

Nanoclusters are fine aggregates of atoms or molecules. The size of which ranges from
0.1 to 100nm. Of all the nano materials, nanoclusters are the smallest sized nano materials
because of their close packing arrangement of atoms.

7. State about the requisites of composite materials.

A material system consisting a mixture of two or more micro constituents, which are
mutually insoluble, differing in form or composition and forming distinct phases.
Good composite materials are strong, stiff, and durable, and have good resistance to
corrosion, fatigue, and wear. They can also be lightweight, thermally insulating, and have
low electrical conductivity.

8. Write the concept of hybrid composites.

Hybrid composites are new class of materials composed of a suitable polymer matrix
reinforced with two different fibres or fillers.
9. State reduced phase rule.
A solid liquid equilibrium of an alloy has practically no gaseous phase and the effect of
pressure is negligible. Therefore, experiment, are conducted under atmospheric pressure.
Thus the system in which only the solid and liquid phases are considered and the gas phase
is ignored is called a condensed system. Since the pressure is kept constant, the phase rule
becomes
F'=C-P+1
This equation is called reduced phase rule or condensed phase rule.

10. Write the importance of octane number in the relevant fuel.

Octane number is defined as the percentage of iso-octane present in a mixture of iso-octane
and n-heptane.
Octane number is a measure of a fuel's stability and resistance to premature ignition. It's an
important factor in the efficiency and performance of a vehicle's engine.

11. Give a brief note on spontaneous ignition temperature.

It is defined as “the minimum temperature at which the fuel catches fire (ignites)
spontaneously without external heating”.

12. Define carbon footprint?

It is the total amount of greenhouse gases (including CO2 and CH4) that are generated
(emitted) by our direct and indirect activities.

13. List out the drawbacks of nuclear energy.

 The nuclear radiation can damage the structure of cells in the human body.
 It causes disease like cancer and blindness.
 It causes genetic disorder in a human body.
 It causes sterility in young generation.
 It causes serious pollution problems.
 Disposal of nuclear waste is the biggest problem.

14. Will the emf of battery vary with size? Give reasons.
No, emf of a battery will not vary with size.
Reason: Emf of a battery depends only on concentration and nature of anode and cathode.

15. Give a brief note on microbial fuel cell? (May 2023, May 2024)
Microbial fuel cell is a device that converts chemical energy to electrical energy by
the action of micro-organisms under anaerobic condition. Bioelectricity is generated by the
oxidation of organic waste and renewable biomass using bacteria.

Part – B (2 x 8 = 16 marks)
Questions are shuffled. Read all or atleast first three or last 3
Unit I – Water treatment
1. Briefly describe the various steps involved in the domestic water treatment.
2. Define desalination. Explain the reverse osmosis process.
3. Briefly describe the various steps involved in the domestic water treatment.
4. What is internal conditioning of water? How it is carried out for boiler feed water?
Unit 2 - Nanochemistry
1. Explain laser ablation process for producing nanomaterials with a neat diagram.
2. Discuss in detail about the Sol-gel method of producing nanomaterials.
3. Explain the electro spinning process in the preparation of nanowires and its benefits.
4. Write an informative note on the applications of nanomaterials.

Unit 3 – Phase rule and Composites

1. State Phase rule. Explain the terms involved in it.
2. With the help of a neat phase diagram, describe lead silver system.
3. Discuss the important types of FRP composites.
4. Explain the properties and applications of metal matrix composites.

Unit 4 – Fuels and Combustion

1. Calculate the higher and lower calorific values of a coal sample having the following
composition: Carbon = 82%, Hydrogen = 7%, Oxygen = 4%, Sulphur = 3.5%,
Nitrogen = 3.1% and ash = 4.4%. (Example)
2. Explain the process involved in the preparation of liquid fuels from solid coal.
3. Elaborate the manufacture of metallurgical coke by Otto-Hoffman method.
4. Explain the flue gas analysis by Orsat method.

Unit 5 – Energy Sources and Storage devices

1. Give an account of light water nuclear reactor with a neat sketch.
2. Explain the working principles and applications of geothermal energy with a neat
diagram.
3. Explain the construction and working of lead acid battery.
4. Describe the construction and working of H2-O2 fuel cell.