PA5-9 Unknown Quantities and Equations

1. Some apples are inside a bag and some are outside the bag. The total number of
apples is shown. Draw the missing apples in the bag.
a) b)

= + = +

total number of apples

c) d)

+ = + =

2. Draw the missing apples in the bag. Then write an equation (with numbers)
to represent the picture.
a) b)

= + = +

5 = 3 + = +

c) d)

+ = + =

+ = + =

3. Write an equation for each problem. Use a box for the unknown quantity.
a) There are 7 apples altogether. There are 4 b) There are 9 apples altogether. There are 7
outside a basket. How many are inside? outside a basket. How many are inside?
7 = 4 +
= +

c) There are 11 plums altogether. There are 5 d) 17 students are at the library. There are 9 in
inside a bag. How many are outside? the computer room. How many are outside the
COPYRIGHT © 2019 JUMP MATH: NOT TO BE COPIED.

computer room?

4. Jun took some apples from a bag. Show how many apples were in the bag originally.
a) b)

− = − =

Jun took away This is how

this many. many were left.

2 Patterns and Algebra 5-9

CA 5.2 AP U8 PA8-16 p1-19 V4.indd 2 2019-09-10 11:34:04 AM

 5. Show how many apples were in the bag originally. Then write an equation to represent the picture.

a) b)
− = − =

− 4 = 3 − 2 = 5

6. Find the number that makes the equation true and write it in the box.

a) 6 +3=9 b) +4=9 c) +5=9

d) 8 − =5 e) 13 − = 11 f) 19 − =8

g) 3 + 6 = 5 + h) 10 − 3 = + 4 i) 1+5=7−

7. Draw the same number of apples in each box. Write the equation for the picture.
a)
+ = + = 10
           

b)
+ + =            

8. Draw a picture for the equation. Use your picture to solve the equation.

a) b)
3× = 2× =

3 × 4 = 12 2 × = 10
COPYRIGHT © 2019 JUMP MATH: NOT TO BE COPIED.

c) d)

3× =
× 6=

3× = 18
× 6 = 24

Patterns and Algebra 5-93

CA 5.2 AP U8 PA8-16 p1-19 V4.indd 3 2019-09-10 11:34:04 AM

 9. How many apples should be in the box? Write the number.

a) 2 × 3 = b) 2 × =

c) ×3= d) ×4=

e) 3 × = f) 3× =

g) 8 × = h) 7 × =

BONUS There are 13 apples in the bag. What number goes in the box?

 
4 × =
 

Use circles instead of apples to make your drawing simpler.

10. Draw a picture of each equation. Then solve the equation using your picture.
a) 3 × 4 = b) 3 × = 18

11. Solve the equation by guessing and checking.

a) 6 × = 30 b) × 2 = 18 c) 2 × = 24 d) × 7 = 42

e) 24 ÷ =6 f) ÷5=6 g) 5 × 4 = × 10 h) 12 × 3 = 9 ×

12. Solve the equation by writing the unknown by itself.

COPYRIGHT © 2019 JUMP MATH: NOT TO BE COPIED.

a) 3 × = 18 b) × 7 = 28 c) ÷4=5 d) 12 ÷ =6

e) × 8 = 32 f) ÷5=7 g) 24 ÷ =4 h) 30 ÷ =2

4 Patterns and Algebra 5-9

CA 5.2 AP U8 PA8-16 p1-19 V4.indd 4 2019-09-10 11:34:05 AM

 PA5-10 Translating Words into Expressions
1. Match the description with the correct numerical expression.
a) 2 more than 6 4×6 b) 2 divided into 11 3 × 11
6 divided by 3 6 − 2 11 reduced by 4 11 ÷ 2
2 less than 6 6 + 2 11 times 3 11 + 3
the product of 6 and 4 6 − 3 twice as many as 11 11 − 4
6 decreased by 3 6 ÷ 3 11 increased by 3 2 × 11

2. Write an expression for each description.

a) 4 more than 3 3+4 b) 15 decreased by 8

c) 24 divided by 8 d) 2 less than 9 9−2

e) 67 increased by 29 f) 35 added to 4

g) twice as many as 5 h) 15 divided by 5

i ) the product of 7 and 4 j ) 5 times 8

3. Turn the written instructions into mathematical expressions.

a) Add 8 and 3. 8+3 b) Divide 6 by 2.

c) Add 34 and 9. d) Subtract 5 from 7.

e) Multiply 42 and 2. f) Decrease 3 by 2.

g) Add 8 and 4. Then divide by 3.

h) Divide 8 by 4. Then add 5.

i ) Divide 4 by 2. Then add 10. Then subtract 4.

j ) Multiply 6 and 5. Then subtract 20. Then divide by 2.

4. Write the mathematical expressions in words.

a) (6 + 2) × 3 Add 6 and 2. Then multiply by 3.
COPYRIGHT © 2019 JUMP MATH: NOT TO BE COPIED.

b) (6 + 1) × 2

c) 12 − 5 × 2

d) (3 − 2) × 4

BONUS
4 × (3 − 1 + 5)

Patterns and Algebra 5-105

CA 5.2 AP U8 PA8-16 p1-19 V4.indd 5 2019-09-10 11:34:05 AM

 5. How far will a motorcycle travel at the speed and in the time given? Write the numerical expression.
a) Speed: 60 km per hour b) Speed: 80 km per hour c) Speed: 70 km per hour
Time: 2 hours Time: 4 hours Time: 5 hours

Distance: 60 × 2 km Distance: km Distance: km

6. a) Look at the sign below, then write a numerical expression for the cost of renting a bike for …

i) 1 hour: 5×1 ii) 2 hours: iii) 4 hours:

b) Complete the description of the expression.

i) 5 × 3 is the cost of renting a bike for 3 hours. RENT A BIKE

$5 an hour
ii) 5 × 2 is the cost of renting a bike for hours.

iii) 5 × 5 is the cost of renting a bike for hours.

7. a) A different rental company charges $3 for each hour. Write the numerical
expression for the cost of renting a bike for …

i) 1 hour: 3×1 ii) 2 hours: iii) 4 hours:

b) Complete the description of the expression.

i) 3 × 3 is the cost of renting a bike for 3 hours.

ii) 3 × 2 is the cost of renting a bike for hours.

iii) 3 × 5 is the cost of renting a bike for hours.

8. A field trip for a Grade 5 class costs $11 per student plus $2 for a snack.

a) Write an expression to represent the cost for 1 student and 1 snack.

b) Write an expression to represent the cost for 3 students and 3 snacks.

BONUS Write a word problem that could be represented by 19 × (11 + 2).

9. A day pass can be used by 2 adults and 2 children for unlimited one-day bus travel
COPYRIGHT © 2019 JUMP MATH: NOT TO BE COPIED.

on weekends. Write an expression to represent the number of day passes that are
needed for 10 adults and 10 children. Hint: The number of adults and the number of
children are the same.

BONUS 20 students from each class go to the museum. There are 5 classes,
along with 13 teachers and 16 parents.
a) Write an expression to represent the number of people who go to the museum.
b) How many buses will be needed if 30 people ride in each bus?
6 Patterns and Algebra 5-10

CA 5.2 AP U8 PA8-16 p1-19 V4.indd 6 2019-09-10 11:34:05 AM

 PA5-11 Variables
1. Look at the sign at the right, then write a numerical expression
for the cost of renting skates for …
RENT
a) 2 hours: 3×2 b) 5 hours: SKATES
$3 an hour
c) 6 hours: d) 8 hours:

A variable is a letter or symbol (such as x, n, or H) that represents a number.

To make an algebraic expression, replace some numbers in a numerical expression with variables.
Examples of algebraic expressions: x+1 3+4×T 2+t−3×h

2. Write an expression for the distance a car would travel at the given speed and time.
a) Speed: 60 km per hour b) Speed: 80 km per hour c) Speed: 70 km per hour
Time: 2 hours Time: 3 hours Time: h hours
Distance: km Distance: km Distance: km

In the product of a number and a variable, the multiplication sign is usually dropped.
Examples: 3 × T can be written 3T and 5 × z can be written 5z.

3. Look at the sign at the right, then write an algebraic expression

for the cost of renting skis for …
a) h hours: 5 × h or 5h b) t hours: or RENT SKIS
$5 an hour
c) x hours: or d) n hours: or

4. Write an equation that tells you the relationship between the numbers in Column A
and Column B. Hint: First find the number that you need to add or multiply.
a) b) c) d) e)
A B A B A B A B A B
COPYRIGHT © 2019 JUMP MATH: NOT TO BE COPIED.

1 4 1 2 1 3 1 3 1 5
2 5 2 4 2 4 2 6 2 10
3 6 3 6 3 5 3 9 3 15

A+3=B 2×A=B
or 2A = B

Patterns and Algebra 5-11 7

CA 5.2 AP U8 PA8-16 p1-19 V4.indd 7 2019-09-10 11:34:05 AM

 When replacing a variable with a number, we use brackets.
Example: Replacing n with 7 in the expression 3n gives 3(7), which is another way to write 3 × 7.

5. Write the number 2 in the brackets and evaluate.

a) 5 ( 2 ) = 5 × 2 = 10 b) 3 ( )= = c) 4 ( )= =

d) 2 ( )+5 e) 4 ( )−2 f) 6 ( )+3

= 2×2+5 = 4 + 5 = = = =

= 9 = =

6. Replace n with 2 in each expression and evaluate.

a) 4n + 3 b) 5n + 1 c) 3n − 2
4(2) + 3
= 8 + 3 = 11

d) 2n + 3 e) 4n − 3 f ) 2n − 4

7. Replace the variable with the given number and evaluate.

a) 5h + 2, h=3 b) 2n + 3, n=6 c) 5t − 2, t=4
5(3) + 2
= 15 + 2 = 17

d) 3m + 9, m=8 e) 9 − z, z=4 f ) 3n + 2, n=5

8. Evaluate each expression.

a) 2n + 3, n=5 b) 2t + 3, t=5 c) 2w + 3, w=5
2(5) + 3
COPYRIGHT © 2019 JUMP MATH: NOT TO BE COPIED.

= 10 + 3 = 13

9. What do you notice about your answers to Question 8?

Why is that so?

8 Patterns and Algebra 5-11

CA 5.2 AP U8 PA8-16 p1-19 V4.indd 8 2019-09-10 11:34:05 AM

 PA5-12 Totals, Differences, and Equations
1. Fill in the table. Write x for the number you are not given.

Blue Red
Total Balloons Another Way to Write the Total
Balloons Balloons

a) 9 blue balloons
9 x 17 9+x
17 balloons in total

b) 15 blue balloons
13 red balloons

c) 31 balloons in total
18 blue balloons

d) 17 red balloons
23 balloons altogether

e) 34 red balloons
21 blue balloons

When you can write the same number two ways, you can write an equation.
Example: 9 blue balloons, x red balloons, 17 balloons in total
Write the total two ways to get an equation: 9 + x = 17

2. Circle the total in the story. Then write an equation.

a) 15 blue balloons b) 12 blue balloons c) 27 balloons altogether
28 balloons altogether 14 red balloons 19 red balloons
x red balloons x balloons altogether x blue balloons

          
15 + x = 28              

d) There are 13 red apples. e) There are x red apples. f) There are 55 red apples.
There are x green apples. There are 14 green apples. There are 16 green apples.
There are 27 apples in total. There are 39 apples in total. There are x apples in total.

          
          
          

3. Circle the total in the story. Then write an equation and solve it.
COPYRIGHT © 2019 JUMP MATH: NOT TO BE COPIED.

a) There are 9 cats. b) There are 19 stickers. c) Kim has 9 friends.

There are 12 dogs. x of them are black. x of them are in Grade 6.
There are x pets altogether. 11 of them are not black. 6 friends are in Grade 5.

                                

                                

Patterns and Algebra 5-129

CA 5.2 AP U8 PA8-16 p1-19 V4.indd 9 2019-09-10 11:34:05 AM

 larger part − smaller part = difference
9 − x = 4
9 is 4 more than x. x is 4 fewer than 9. So x = 9 − 4 and now the variable x is by itself.

4. Fill in the table. Write x for the number you are not given. Circle the larger part
and then write the difference another way.
Parts Another Way to Write
Difference
Apples Oranges the Difference

a) 13 apples, 5 more
13 x 5 x - 13
oranges than apples

b) 9 more oranges than

apples, 12 apples

c) 6 apples, 7 oranges

d) 19 oranges, 8 fewer
apples than oranges

e) 27 oranges, 13 fewer
oranges than apples

5. Circle the part that is larger. Write the difference two ways to make an equation.
a) 8 apples b) 5 apples c) 12 more apples than oranges
3 fewer oranges than apples 13 oranges 5 oranges
x oranges x more oranges than apples x apples
8−x=3
       
       

6. Circle the part that is larger. Write the difference two ways to make an equation.
Then solve the equation.
a) There are 7 games. b) There are x games. c) There are 12 games.
There are x books. There are 12 books. There are 29 books.
There are 5 more games There are 6 fewer games There are x fewer games
than books. than books. than books. COPYRIGHT © 2019 JUMP MATH: NOT TO BE COPIED.

d) There are 17 pens. e) Tom has 19 stickers. f) Eric’s class has x students.
There are x pencils. Avril has x stickers. Amy’s class has 34 students.
There are 8 more pens Tom has 13 fewer Eric’s class has 6 fewer
than pencils. stickers than Avril. students than Amy’s class.

10 Patterns and Algebra 5-12

CA 5.2 AP U8 PA8-16 p1-19 V5.indd 10 2019-09-19 3:20:06 PM

 7. Fill in the table. Write x for the number you are not given.
Problem Parts How Many? Equation and Solution

a) Alex has 22 jazz songs in his collection.

jazz songs 22 22 - x = 8
He has 8 more jazz songs than pop
songs. How many pop songs does he 22 - 8 = x
have? pop songs x 14 = x

b) Dory has 21 red balloons. She has

9 green balloons. How many more
red balloons than green balloons
does she have?

c) There are 7 apples in the fridge.

There are 4 more oranges than
apples in the fridge. How many
oranges are there?

d) Female European wolves weigh

4 kg less than male wolves.
Males weigh 38 kg. How much
do females weigh?

8. Write the difference two ways to write an equation. Then solve the equation.
a) Simon exercised for 25 minutes on b) There are 32 teachers in the school. There are
Saturday. On Sunday he exercised for 18 fewer volunteers than teachers. How many
17 minutes more than on Saturday. For volunteers are there?
how long did he exercise on Sunday?

   x − 25 = 17    
            

   x = 17 + 25    
            

    = 42      
            

c) North American wolves weigh 36 kg. d) Jasmin biked 13 km on Saturday. She biked
Indian–Arabian wolves weigh 11 kg 5 km more on Sunday than on Saturday. How
COPYRIGHT © 2019 JUMP MATH: NOT TO BE COPIED.

less. How much do Indian–Arabian many kilometres did she bike on Sunday?
wolves weigh?

e) Raj counted 68 cars in a parking lot BONUS Grace’s art exhibition had 658 visitors
on Monday and 39 cars on Tuesday. on the first night. The next night,
How many fewer cars were parked there were 18 more visitors than on
there on Tuesday? the first night. How many visitors
came on the second night?

Patterns and Algebra 5-1211

CA 5.2 AP U8 PA8-16 p1-19 V4.indd 11 2019-09-10 11:34:05 AM

 PA5-13 Problems and Equations—Addition and Subtraction
1. Fill in the table. Write x for the number you need to find. Cross out the cell you do not use.

How Difference Equation and

Problem Parts
Many? Total Solution

a) Ethan has 2 dogs and

5 fish. How many pets dogs 2
Difference:     2+5=x
does he have?
x=7
fish 5
Total: x
b) Sharon hiked 9 km on
Saturday. She hiked 12 km
on Sunday. How far did Difference:    
Sharon hike in two days?

Total:

c) Luc saved $36 in January.

He saved $17 less in
February than in January. Difference:    
How much money did
he save in February?
Total:

d) The Leviathan roller coaster

is 93 m tall. It is 25 m taller
than the Yukon Striker roller Difference:    
coaster. How tall is the
Yukon Striker?
Total:

e) A supermarket sold 164 bags

of white and yellow potatoes.
If 76 of the bags were Difference:    
filled with white potatoes,
how many bags of yellow
potatoes were sold? Total:
COPYRIGHT © 2019 JUMP MATH: NOT TO BE COPIED.

2. Write the parts and how many of each part. Then write and solve an equation.
a) Cam has 12 blue marbles. He has 9 more red marbles than blue marbles.
How many red marbles does he have?

b) Cam also has 7 fewer green marbles than red marbles. How many green marbles
does he have?

c) How many red, blue, and green marbles does Cam have altogether? 
12 Patterns and Algebra 5-13

CA 5.2 AP U8 PA8-16 p1-19 V4.indd 12 2019-09-10 11:34:05 AM

 Write an equation to solve the problems on this page.

3. There are 32 children in a class. 13 of them wear eyeglasses.

a) How many students don’t wear eyeglasses?

b) How many more students are there who don’t wear eyeglasses than students
who wear eyeglasses?

4. Rani bought 8 hockey cards and 10 baseball cards. She gave away 3 cards. BASEBALL

a) How many cards did she buy altogether?

b) How many cards does she have left?

5. Neka is three years older than Megan. Megan is 9 years old. How old is Neka?

6. Anton bought a science-fiction novel for $11 and a graphic novel for $7.
a) How much more expensive is the science-fiction novel than the graphic novel?

b) How much did the books cost in total?

7. Nina watched TV for 60 minutes. She spent 20 minutes less on her homework
than on watching TV. How much time did she spend on homework?

8. A recreation pass costs $23. It is $8 more than a movie pass. How much does
the movie pass cost?
COPYRIGHT © 2019 JUMP MATH: NOT TO BE COPIED.

9. The Willis Tower in Chicago, USA, is 442 m tall. The CN Tower in Toronto
is 553 m tall. How much taller is the CN Tower than the Willis Tower?

Willis CN
Tower Tower

Patterns and Algebra 5-13 13

CA 5.2 AP U8 PA8-16 p1-19 V4.indd 13 2019-09-10 11:34:06 AM

 PA5-14 Models and “Times as Many”
1. Draw a diagram to model the story.
a) Sally has 7 stickers. Jake has 3 times b) There are 5 blue marbles. There are 4 times
as many stickers as Sally does. as many red marbles.
7
Sally’s stickers             

Jake’s stickers   7 7 7          

c) There are 12 red apples. There are 4 times d) Yu has 4 stickers. Nora has 5 times
as many green apples as red apples. as many stickers.

                   

                   

2. Solve the problem by drawing a model.

a) Jin has 5 stickers. Rob has 3 times as many b) Randi studies rats and hamsters. She has
stickers as Jin. How many stickers do they 7 rats and twice as many hamsters. How many
have together? animals does she have altogether?
5
Jin’s stickers: 5              

Rob’s stickers: 15 5 5 5          

5 + 15 = 20, so Jin and Rob have                         

20 stickers altogether.                               

c) There are 12 chocolate chip cookies in d) There are 17 math books in a school library.
a box. There are 6 times as many oatmeal There are 4 times as many science books
cookies in the box. How many cookies are in the library. How many math books and
there altogether? science books are in the library altogether?

3. Draw a model for the story. Then write the given number beside the correct bar.
a) There are 24 mangoes. There are 4 times b) There are 30 seniors in the audience.
as many mangoes as avocados. There are 6 times as many seniors as children.

Mangoes: 24               

COPYRIGHT © 2019 JUMP MATH: NOT TO BE COPIED.

Avocados:               

c) Matt spent $24 on shoes and twice d) Abella studied math for 30 minutes and science
as much on pants. for 3 times as many minutes.

                   

                   

14 Patterns and Algebra 5-14

CA 5.2 AP U8 PA8-16 p1-19 V4.indd 14 2019-09-10 11:34:06 AM

 4. All the blocks are the same size. What is the size of each block?
a) b)
7 7 7 7

7 21 32

c) d)
total: 36 total: 48

5. Draw the model. Find the length of one block in the model. Then solve the problem.
a) Jay has 3 times as many cards as Sam. b) Vicky is 4 times as old as Ella. Vicky is 15 years
Jay has 12 more cards than Sam. How older than Ella. How old are Vicky and Ella?
many cards does each person have?

Jay’s cards   6 6 6
         

Sam’s cards   
6 12          

Jay has 18 cards Vicky is    years old

and Sam has 6 cards. and Ella is    years old.

BONUS 
c) There are 6 times as many party balloons A pancake recipe calls for 2 tablespoons of butter
as streamers to decorate a house. There and 3 times as many tablespoons of sugar per
are 42 decorations altogether. How many batch. Anna wants to make 24 batches. How many
balloons and how many streamers are there? tablespoons of sugar and butter does she need?

There are    party balloons Anna needs    tablespoons of butter and

and    streamers.    tablespoons of sugar.

COPYRIGHT © 2019 JUMP MATH: NOT TO BE COPIED.

6. A pair of shoes costs twice as much as a wallet. Glen paid $51 for a pair of shoes
and a wallet. How much does each item cost?

          

          

BONUS How much would Glen pay for two pairs of shoes and three wallets?

Patterns and Algebra 5-1415

CA 5.2 AP U8 PA8-16 p1-19 V4.indd 15 2019-09-10 11:34:06 AM

 PA5-15 Problems and Equations—Multiplication and Division

When the larger part is 3 times the size of the You can find one part from another part
smaller part, we say the scale factor is 3. using the scale factor.
Smaller Part
Larger Part = Smaller Part × Scale Factor
Larger Part
Smaller Part = Larger Part ÷ Scale Factor

1. 
Circle the larger part and underline the smaller part in the problem. Then fill in the blanks
for the equation where the unknown is by itself and cross out the other equation.
a) There are 21 cats and m dogs. There are three times as many dogs as cats.

      
m =       
21 ×       
3 or        =        ÷       
Larger Part Smaller Part Scale Factor Smaller Part Larger Part Scale Factor

b) There are m cats and 6 dogs. There are 3 times as many dogs as cats.

       =        ×        or        =        ÷       

Larger Part Smaller Part Scale Factor Smaller Part Larger Part Scale Factor

c) There are 12 cars in a parking lot. There are twice as many vans as cars in the
parking lot.

       =        ×        or        =        ÷       

Larger Part Smaller Part Scale Factor Smaller Part Larger Part Scale Factor

2. Fill in the table. Write n for the number you are not given.
Hint: Circle the larger part and underline the smaller part.
Problem Parts How Many? Equation

a) There are 20 green apples in a green apples 20

box. There are 4 times as many 20 ÷ 4 = n
green apples as red apples. red apples n

b) There are 16 mangoes. There are

twice as many mangoes as kiwis.

c) There are 6 cats in a shelter. There

are three times as many dogs as
cats in the shelter.
COPYRIGHT © 2019 JUMP MATH: NOT TO BE COPIED.

3. Complete the table.

Total Number Number Number in Multiplication or
of Things of Sets Each Set Division Equation

a) p 5 2 5×2=p
b) 12 4 p 12 ÷ 4 = p
c) 14 p 7
d) p 2 11

16 Patterns and Algebra 5-15

CA 5.2 AP U8 PA8-16 p1-19 V5.indd 16 2019-09-19 3:20:08 PM

 4. Fill in the table. Write x to show what you don’t know. Then write a multiplication or
division equation in the last column and solve the equation.
Total
Number Number in Multiplication or
Number of
of Sets Each Set Division Equation
Things

24 people     24 ÷ 4 = x    

a) 24 4 x
4 vans
6 people in each van

8 balloons in each bag             

b)
5 bags     balloons

35 students             
c)
7 teams     students on each team

9 books on each shelf             

d)
6 shelves     books

6 juice boxes in             

e) each pack
48 juice boxes     packs of juice

5. A store sold 6 rats and twice as many hamsters.

a) How many hamsters did the store sell?

b) How many rats and hamsters were sold altogether?

c) How many more hamsters than rats were sold?

6. Emma is 5 times as old as Eddy. Emma is 35.

a) How old is Eddy?

b) How much older than Eddy is Emma?

COPYRIGHT © 2019 JUMP MATH: NOT TO BE COPIED.

7. A
 female angler fish is 5 times as large as a male angler fish.
The female can be 100 cm long.
a) How long is the male angler fish?

b) How much longer than the male is the female angler fish?

Patterns and Algebra 5-1517

CA 5.2 AP U8 PA8-16 p1-19 V4.indd 17 2019-09-10 11:34:06 AM

 PA5-16 More Problems and Equations
1. a) There are 12 blue beads. There are 3 times as many blue beads as red beads.
There are 7 fewer yellow beads than blue beads.

How many red beads are there? How many yellow beads are there?
b) Ronin is 3 times as old as Liz. Karen is four years older than Liz. Liz is 6 years old.

How old is Ronin? How old is Karen?

2. Zara is two years older than Tristan. Tristan is 10 years old. Tristan is 7 years older
than Carl. How old are Zara and Carl?

Zara is years old and Carl is years old.

3. Ansel bought six books about mammals and two books about reptiles.
Each book cost $12.
a) How many books did Ansel buy altogether?

b) How much did the books cost?

Sale!
$ 12 $ 15
4. Aputik bought 7 books and 10 magazines. (See the prices in the picture.) Books Magazines

a) How much did Aputik spend on books?

MM
Math

aat
Plu
sM

thhM
aga
zine

Ma
ga
b) How much did Aputik spend on magazines?
MathP Mat
hM

zin
lus Ma ag
gazin
e

e
c) How much did Aputik spend altogether?

5. What question do you need to ask and answer before you can solve the problem?
a) Mary has twice as many hockey cards as Ren does. Mary has 10 more hockey
cards than David. David has 16 hockey cards. How many cards does Ren have?

How many cards does Mary have?

b) Ben is twice as old as Lela. Lela is three years older than John.
John is five years old. How old is Ben? COPYRIGHT © 2019 JUMP MATH: NOT TO BE COPIED.

c) Ryder had $53. He spent $15 on a hat, $8 on a scarf, and $12 on a pair of mitts.
How much money does Ryder have left?

6. Tina earns $15 per hour. She worked 3 hours on Friday, 2 hours on Saturday,
and 2 hours on Sunday. How much money did Tina earn in these three days?

18 Patterns and Algebra 5-16

CA 5.2 AP U8 PA8-16 p1-19 V4.indd 18 2019-09-10 11:34:06 AM

 7. Ava used 3 times as many blue beads as red beads for a bracelet.
She used 12 more blue beads than yellow beads. She used 3 yellow beads.
a) How many beads of each colour did Ava use?
b) How many beads did she use in total?

8. Snow geese can fly 160 km in 2 hours. They can fly for a very long time.
a) Some snow geese flew for 18 hours, rested, and then flew for
another 20 hours. How long did the geese travel? How far did
the geese travel?
b) Snow geese need to fly about 3200 km from British Columbia, Canada
to Texas, USA. How much flying time do the geese need?

9. A narwhal is an arctic whale. The adult male has one very long tooth.
An adult narwhal is about 5 m long from nose to tail, and its tooth
is 3 m long. Use the diagram to tell how long a baby narwhal is.

adult male narwhal

baby narwhal

10. An eraser is 5 cm long. A pencil is 15 cm long.

Write your answer as a full sentence.
a) How many times as long as the eraser is the pencil?
b) How many centimetres longer is the pencil than the eraser?

11. An elephant weighs 4000 kg and is 4 m tall.

Is this elephant 1000 times as heavy as it is tall? Explain.

12. There are 5 people at a pizza party. They ordered 2 pizzas.

Each pizza has 8 slices. Each person gets the same number
of slices. How many slices can each person have?
COPYRIGHT © 2019 JUMP MATH: NOT TO BE COPIED.

13. There are 52 avocados in a crate. Thirteen are spoiled. Zack packs
the rest into bags of 5 avocados. How many full bags can he make?

14. There are 24 students in one class and 23 students in another class
going on a field trip. Each car can hold 4 students. How many cars are
needed to transport all the students?

Patterns and Algebra 5-16 19

CA 5.2 AP U8 PA8-16 p1-19 V5.indd 19 2019-09-19 3:20:12 PM

 NS5-34 Naming Fractions—Area

The whole pie is cut into 4 equal parts. The numerator (3) tells you
3 parts out of 4 are shaded. 3 how many parts are shaded.
4
3 The denominator (4) tells you
of the whole pie is shaded.
4 how many equal parts are in a whole.

1. Name the fraction.

a) b) c) d)
3
8

e) f ) g) h)

2. Shade the given fraction.

4 2 7
a) b) c)
6 5 20

       

3. Use one of the following words to describe the parts in the model.
halves   thirds   fourths   fifths   sixths   sevenths   eighths   ninths

a) b) c)

        
sixths                  

d) e) f )
COPYRIGHT © 2019 JUMP MATH: NOT TO BE COPIED.

                          

4. Sketch a circle cut into …

a) thirds. b) quarters (or fourths). c) eighths.

20 Number Sense 5-34

CA 5.2 AP U9 NS34-45 p20-44 V6.indd 20 2019-09-19 3:27:52 PM

 5. Use a centimetre ruler to divide the line into equal parts. The first one is started for you.
a) 5 equal parts b) 8 equal parts

c) 6 equal parts
0 cm 1 2 3 4 5

6. Using a ruler, join the marks to divide the box into equal parts.
a) 4 equal parts b) 5 equal parts

7. Mark the box in centimetres. Then divide the box into equal parts.
a) 3 equal parts b) 6 equal parts

8. Using a ruler, find what fraction of the box is shaded.

a) b)

is shaded. is shaded.

9. Using a ruler, complete the figure to make a whole.

a) 1 b) 2
2 3

3
10. You have of a whole pie.
8
a) What does the bottom (denominator) of the fraction tell you?


b) What does the top (numerator) of the fraction tell you?
COPYRIGHT © 2019 JUMP MATH: NOT TO BE COPIED.

1
11. Explain why the picture does (or does not) show .
4
a) b) c) BONUS

Number Sense 5-3421

CA 5.2 AP U9 NS34-45 p20-44 V6.indd 21 2019-09-19 3:27:54 PM

 NS5-35 Naming Fractions—Sets

Fractions can name or describe parts of a set. Example:

3 1 1
of the shapes are triangles, are squares, are circles.
5 5 5

1. Complete the sentence.

4 2
a) of the shapes are           . b) of the shapes are           .
7 7
1 3
c) of the shapes are           . d) of the shapes are           .
7 7

2. Complete the sentences.

a) b)

of the shapes are squares. of the shapes are triangles.

of the shapes are shaded. of the shapes are unshaded.

3
3. Describe the picture in two different ways using the fraction .
5

4. A football team wins 6 games and loses 3 games.

a) How many games did the team play?     

COPYRIGHT © 2019 JUMP MATH: NOT TO BE COPIED.

b) What fraction of the games did the team win?

c) What fraction of the games did the team lose?

d) Did the team win more than half its games?     

22 Number Sense 5-35

CA 5.2 AP U9 NS34-45 p20-44 V5.indd 22 2019-09-13 1:53:54 PM

 5. Answer the question using the information in the table. Has Has No
Siblings Siblings
a) What fraction of the students in each class have siblings?
Class A 2 3
Class A     Class B  Class B 1 2

b) What fraction of all the students have siblings?

6. What fraction of the letters in the word “Manitoba” are …

a) vowels? b) consonants?

7. Express 6 days as a fraction of one week.

8.

a) of the shapes are circles. b) of the shapes are triangles.

c) of the shapes are striped. d) of the shapes are white.

9. Write two more fraction statements for the figures in Question 8.

of the shapes are           .

of the shapes are           .

10. Draw the shaded and unshaded shapes and then answer the question.
COPYRIGHT © 2019 JUMP MATH: NOT TO BE COPIED.

a) There are 7 circles and squares. b) There are 8 triangles and squares.
4 3
of the shapes are squares. of the shapes are shaded.
7 8
5 4
of the shapes are shaded. of the shapes are triangles.
7 8
3 circles are shaded. 1 triangle is shaded.
How many squares are shaded? How many squares are not shaded?

Number Sense 5-3523

CA 5.2 AP U9 NS34-45 p20-44 V5.indd 23 2019-09-13 1:53:55 PM

 NS5-36 Comparing Fractions (Introduction)
1. Which strip has more shading? Circle its fraction.

2 1
a) b)
3 2
3 5

4 6

2 1
c) d)
3 4
1 3

2 8

7 7
e) f)
12 8
1 2

2 3

1
The strip with more shading represents the
2
1 1
greater fraction. has more shading than . 1
2 3
1 1 3
So is greater than .
2 3

2. Shade the amounts given by the fractions. Circle the greater fraction.
2 1
a) b)
3 2

2 1
6 8

3 2
c) d)
12 4

3 2
COPYRIGHT © 2019 JUMP MATH: NOT TO BE COPIED.

4 3

7 3
e) f)
10 4

3 9
5 20

24 Number Sense 5-36

CA 5.2 AP U9 NS34-45 p20-44 V5.indd 24 2019-09-13 1:53:59 PM

 REMINDER “5 is greater than 3ˮ is written as 5 > 3. “3 is less than 5ˮ is written as 3 < 5.

3. Shade the amounts given by the fractions. Circle the greater fraction. Write > or <
between the fractions.

1 3
a) b)
3 8

1 1

4 2

1 1 3 1
     >
3 4      8 2

4 2
c) d)
10 3

4 3

5 6

4 4 2 3
    
10 5      3 6

7 3
e) f)
12 4

3 16

4 20

7 3 3 16
    
12 4      4 20
2 9
BONUS Shade the strips to show that Jin ate of his fruit strip, Simon ate of his
3 12
14
fruit strip, and Alexa ate of her fruit strip. Who ate the largest amount of the
24
fruit strip? Order the fractions from greatest to least in the blanks below.

Jin:
COPYRIGHT © 2019 JUMP MATH: NOT TO BE COPIED.

Simon:

Alexa:

> >

Number Sense 5-3625

CA 5.2 AP U9 NS34-45 p20-44 V5.indd 25 2019-09-13 1:54:01 PM

 NS5-37 Fractions and Number Lines
1. Write a scale below the number line. Use it to find what fraction of the number line
from 0 to 1 is shaded.
a) b)
1 2 3 4 0 1
0 1
5 5 5 5

1
is shaded. is shaded.
5

0 1
0 1

So is shaded. So is shaded.

You can use number lines to compare and order fractions.

1 2 3
0 1
4 4 4

3 2 3 2 1 2 3
is greater than because it is farther to the right: > . 0 1
4 4 4 4 4 4 4

2. Find what fraction of each number line from 0 to 1 is shaded. Then compare the
fractions in the blanks below.
a) b)
5

0 1 8 0 1

3
0 1
0 1  
8

5
>
>
8

3. Use the number line to order the fractions from least to greatest.
COPYRIGHT © 2019 JUMP MATH: NOT TO BE COPIED.

Draw an to mark the position of each fraction.

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10

6 3 8 4 1 9 7
   < < < < < <
10 10 10 10 10 10 10

26 Number Sense 5-37

CA 5.2 AP U9 NS34-45 p20-44 V6.indd 26 2019-09-19 3:28:15 PM

 3 2
4. of the top strip is shaded and of the bottom strip is shaded. Both lengths
4 3
are marked on the same number line.
2 3
0 1
3 4

Which fraction is bigger?

5. Use the fractions marked on the number line to answer the question.

1 1 1 3 5
0 1
8 3 2 4 6

a) Write < (less than) or > (greater than).

1 1 3 1 5 3
i) ii) iii)
8 2 4 3 6 4

b) Circle these fractions on the number line above. Then write them from greatest to least.
1 5 1
, , > >
2 6 3

1 1 1
c) You can see from the number line that is less than , which is less than .
8 3 2
Explain why the fraction with the largest denominator is the smallest of the
three fractions. Explain why the fraction with the smallest denominator is the
largest of the three fractions.

Two fractions that mark the same place on a number line from 0 to 1 represent the same amount.

6. Use the number lines to find the missing number.

1 2 1 2 3
COPYRIGHT © 2019 JUMP MATH: NOT TO BE COPIED.

0 1 0 1
3 3 4 4 4

1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
0 1 0 1
6 6 6 6 6 8 8 8 8 8 8 8

1 2 2 1 3
a) = b) = c) = d) =
3 6 3 6 4 8 4 8

Number Sense 5-3727

CA 5.2 AP U9 NS34-45 p20-44 V6.indd 27 2019-09-19 3:28:21 PM

 NS5-38 Comparing and Ordering Fractions
1. a) Write the numerators of the shaded fractions.

4 4 4

b) Look at the pictures and fractions in part a) from left to right.

Write “increases,” “decreases,” or “stays the same.”

i ) The numerator                 .

ii ) The denominator                 .

iii ) The shaded fraction                 .

Comparing fractions when ...

the numerator changes    and    the denominator stays the same
1
5
fewer shaded parts
same number and size of parts
more shaded parts

2

5
2 1
So > because more parts are shaded.
5 5

2. Circle the greater fraction.

3 4 3 1 4 9 3 1
a) or b) or c) or d) or
5 5 4 4 12 12 3 3

3. Write any number in the blank that makes the relationship correct.
3 1 21 61 2
a) > b) < c) > BONUS  <
COPYRIGHT © 2019 JUMP MATH: NOT TO BE COPIED.

7 7 29 29 385 385 1000 1000

4. Two fractions have the same denominator but different numerators.

How can you tell which fraction is greater?

                                              

                                              

28 Number Sense 5-38

CA 5.2 AP U9 NS34-45 p20-44 V5.indd 28 2019-09-13 1:54:28 PM

 5. Order the fractions from least to greatest by considering the numerators and denominators.
3 0 2 5 1 6 1 4 2 9
a) b)
5 5 5 5 5 10 10 10 10 10

< < < < < < < <

6. a) What fraction of a litre is in the container?

1 litre 1 litre 1 litre

b) Which fraction in part a) is …

i ) the smallest? ii ) the biggest? iii ) in the middle?

c) Write “smaller” or “bigger.” As the denominator gets bigger, each part gets          .

Comparing fractions when ...

the numerator stays the same    and    the denominator changes
1
5
smaller parts
same number of shaded parts
bigger parts
1

3
1 1
So < because the parts are smaller in the shape with more parts.
5 3

7. Circle the greater fraction.

4 4 3 3 9 9 3 3
a) or b) or c) or d) or
COPYRIGHT © 2019 JUMP MATH: NOT TO BE COPIED.

5 8 4 5 15 100 4 3

8. Two fractions have the same numerator but different denominators.

How can you tell which fraction is greater?

                                            

                                              

Number Sense 5-3829

CA 5.2 AP U9 NS34-45 p20-44 V5.indd 29 2019-09-13 1:54:33 PM

 9. a) Order the fractions from least to greatest by matching each fraction to the strip
it represents and then shading it.
1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2
i) ii )
4 10 2 5 3 2 4 10 3 5

1
< < < < < < < <
4

b) Order the fractions from least to greatest by considering the numerators and denominators.
1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2
i) ii )
4 10 2 5 3 2 4 10 3 5

< < < < < < < <

c) Are your answers for parts a) and b) the same? Explain.

                                              

                                              

1 1
10. Randi says that of a pie is less than of a pie. Is she correct? Explain.
4 6
                                              

                                              

11. Ray, Hanna, and Lynn each brought 1 pie to school. None of the pies are the same size.
The teacher cut each pie into 9 equal pieces so that everyone in the class can have
a piece. Ray says, “That’s not fair at all!” and Lynn says, “That’s perfectly fair!”
COPYRIGHT © 2019 JUMP MATH: NOT TO BE COPIED.

a) Why does Ray think it’s unfair?

                                            

                                              
b) Why does Lynn think it’s fair?

                                           

                                             

30 Number Sense 5-38

CA 5.2 AP U9 NS34-45 p20-44 V5.indd 30 2019-09-13 1:54:36 PM

 NS5-39 Equivalent Fractions
1. How many times as many parts are there?
a)
has times as many parts as .

b)
has times as many parts as .

c)
has times as many parts as .

d)
has times as many parts as .

2. Fill in the blanks.

A B
a) A has times as many parts as B.

A has times as many shaded parts as B.

A B
b) A has times as many parts as B.

A has times as many shaded parts as B.

A B
c) A has times as many parts as B.

A has times as many shaded parts as B.

COPYRIGHT © 2019 JUMP MATH: NOT TO BE COPIED.

A B
d) A has times as many parts as B.

A has times as many shaded parts as B.

Number Sense 5-3931

CA 5.2 AP U9 NS34-45 p20-44 V5.indd 31 2019-09-13 1:54:36 PM

 Equivalent fractions are fractions that have the same value or represent the same amount.

3. The picture shows two equivalent fractions. Use the picture to fill in the blanks.
a) b)
3 6 4 12
and and
5 10 5 15

6 is 2 times as much as 3. 12 is     times as much as 4.

10 is     times as much as 5. 15 is     times as much as 5.

c) d)
1 2 3 12
and and
4 8 5 20

2 is     times as much as 1. 12 is     times as much as 3.

8 is     times as much as 4. 20 is     times as much as 5.

4. W
 rite an equivalent fraction for the picture. Then write how many times as much the
new numerator and denominator are.
a) b)
2 6 1
= =
4 12 4

3 times as much     times as much

c) BONUS
3
=
COPYRIGHT © 2019 JUMP MATH: NOT TO BE COPIED.

5 7
=
10

    times as much

    times as much

32 Number Sense 5-39

CA 5.2 AP U9 NS34-45 p20-44 V5.indd 32 2019-09-13 1:54:41 PM

 To get an equivalent fraction, multiply the numerator and denominator by the same number.
Example: Picture A Picture B
×2
3 6
=
4 ×2
8

Picture B has twice as many parts as Picture A.

Picture B has twice as many shaded parts as Picture A.

5. Draw lines to cut the whole pies into more equal pieces. Fill in the numerators of the
equivalent fractions.
a)
1
= = =
2 4 6 8

4 pieces 6 pieces 8 pieces

b)
1
= = =
3 6 9 12

6 pieces 9 pieces 12 pieces

6. Draw lines to cut the whole pie into more pieces. Then fill in the missing numbers.
a) b) c)
×2 × ×
2 3 2

= = =
3 ×2 6 4 8 3 9
× ×

This number tells you how many pieces to cut each slice into.

7. Use multiplication to find the equivalent fraction.

1×2 1× 2
a) = b) = c) =
5×2 10 2× 10 5 10

3 1 4
d) = e) = f) =
COPYRIGHT © 2019 JUMP MATH: NOT TO BE COPIED.

4 8 4 12 5 15

5 8 5
g) = h) = i) =
6 12 10 100 9 72

2
8. Write five fractions equivalent to .
5

2
= = = = =
5

Number Sense 5-3933

CA 5.2 AP U9 NS34-45 p20-44 V5.indd 33 2019-09-13 1:54:45 PM

 NS5-40 Comparing Fractions Using Equivalent Fractions
1. D
 raw lines to cut the whole pies into more equal pieces. Then fill in the numerators of
the equivalent fractions.
a)

2
= = = =
3 6 9 12 15

b)

3
= = = =
5 10 15 20 25

2. a) Write two fractions with the same denominator. Hint: Use your answers from Question 1.

2 3
= and =
3 5

2 3
b) Which of the two fractions is greater, or ?
3 5

How do you know?                                    

                                            

3. Rewrite the fractions so that they have the same denominator. Then circle the larger fraction.
1 2 3 1
a) = and = b) = and =
3 15 5 15 8 24 3 24

4. a) Write an equivalent fraction with denominator 24.

COPYRIGHT © 2019 JUMP MATH: NOT TO BE COPIED.

2 5 3 1
i) = ii) = iii) = iv) =
3 24 6 24 4 24 2 24

b) Write the fractions from part a) in order from least to greatest.

< < <

34 Number Sense 5-40

CA 5.2 AP U9 NS34-45 p20-44 V5.indd 34 2019-09-13 1:54:45 PM

 5. Draw lines to cut the left-hand pie into the same number of equal pieces as the
right-hand pie. Complete the equivalent fraction. Then circle the greater fraction.
a) b)

1 1 2 5
= =
2 4 4 3 6 6

6. Turn the fraction on the left into an equivalent fraction with the same denominator
as the fraction on the right. Then write < (less than) or > (greater than) to show
which fraction is greater.
1 ×3 3 4 3 × 5
a) = b) =
2 ×3 6 6 4 × 8 8

1 3 1 2
c) = d) =
2 4 3 9

3 7 2 17
e) = BONUS =
5 10 5 40

1 2
To compare and you can change them into fractions with the same denominator.
3 5
Multiply the numerator and denominator 1 ×5 2 ×3
of each fraction by the denominator
of the other fraction. 3 ×5 5 ×3

5 6
=      =
15 15
5 6 1 2
Now the fractions are easy to compare: < , so < .
15 15 3 5

7. Turn the fractions into fractions with the same denominator. Then compare
the fractions. Show your answer using < or >.
7× 3 5 ×4 × 1 2 × × 1 3 × × 2 5 ×
a) b) c) d)
COPYRIGHT © 2019 JUMP MATH: NOT TO BE COPIED.

7× 4 7 ×4 × 2 3 × × 2 4 × × 3 8 ×

= = = = = = = =
28 28

3 5 1 2 1 3 2 5
so so so so
4 7 2 3 2 4 3 8

8. Draw a picture to justify your answer to Question 7.c).

Number Sense 5-4035

CA 5.2 AP U9 NS34-45 p20-44 V5.indd 35 2019-09-13 1:54:54 PM

 NS5-46 Decimal Tenths and Hundredths

1
A tenth (or ) can be represented in different ways.
10

0 1

A tenth of the distance A tenth of a pie A tenth of A tenth of

between 0 and 1 hundreds block tens block

Tenths commonly appear in units of measurement. Example: a millimetre is a tenth of a centimetre

1 2
Mathematicians invented decimal tenths as a short form for tenths: = 0.1, = 0.2, and so on.
10 10

1. Write a fraction and a decimal for the shaded part in the boxes below.
a) b) c) d)

4
   
0.4            
10

2. Write the decimal.

a) 5 tenths =    
0.5 b) 4 tenths =     c) 6 tenths =     d) 9 tenths =    

3. Shade to show the decimal.

a) 0.3 b) 0.8 c) 0.1 d) 0.4

4. Show the decimal on the number line.

COPYRIGHT © 2019 JUMP MATH: NOT TO BE COPIED.

a) 0.8 of the distance from 0 to 1 b) 0.2 of the distance from 0 to 1

0 1 0 1

c) 0.5 of the distance from 0 to 1 d) 0.7 of the distance from 0 to 1

0 1 0 1

Number Sense 5-4645

CA 5.2 AP U10 NS46-55 p45-63 V4.indd 45 2019-09-17 2:21:30 PM

 1
A hundredth (or ) can be represented in different ways.
100
0 1

A hundredth of the distance from 0 to 1

Mathematicians invented decimal hundredths as a short form for hundredths.

A hundredth of a 1 8 37
Examples: = 0.01, = 0.08, = 0.37
hundreds block 100 100 100

5. Write a fraction for the shaded part of the hundreds block. Then write the fraction as a decimal.
Hint: Count by 10s for each column or row that is shaded.
a) b) c)

67
= 0.67
100

d) e) BONUS

   

6. Write the decimal.

a) 18 hundredths =      b) 9 hundredths =      c) 90 hundredths =     

REMINDER Points farther to the right on a number line represent greater numbers.
Example: 5 is to the right of 3 because 5 > 3.   0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

7. a) Show the decimals on the number line.

A. 0.24 B. 0.70 C. 0.06 D. 0.45
COPYRIGHT © 2019 JUMP MATH: NOT TO BE COPIED.

0 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90 1.00

b) Write the decimals in part a) from least to greatest.

     <      <      <     

46 Number Sense 5-46

CA 5.2 AP U10 NS46-55 p45-63 V4.indd 46 2019-09-17 2:21:32 PM

 NS5-47 Comparing and Ordering Decimal Tenths and Hundredths
1. Shade the same amount in the second square. Then count by 10s to find the number
of hundredths. Write your answer as a fraction and a decimal.
a) b) c)

= = =

3 30 9 6
= = =
10 100 10 100 10 100

0.3 = 0.30 0.9 =      0.6 =     

2. a) Complete the table.

Fraction Fraction Decimal Decimal
Picture
Tenths Hundredths Tenths Hundredths

2 20
i) 0.2 0.20
10 100

ii )

iii )

b) Use part a) to write the decimals from least to greatest: 0.40   0.2   0.7

     <      <     

3. Write how many tenths and how many hundredths. Then write an equation with decimals.
COPYRIGHT © 2019 JUMP MATH: NOT TO BE COPIED.

A B C

0 1

A.        tenths B.        tenths C.        tenths

=      hundredths =      hundredths =      hundredths

So      =      So      =      So      =     

Number Sense 5-4747

CA 5.2 AP U10 NS46-55 p45-63 V4.indd 47 2019-09-17 2:21:35 PM

 4. Show the decimals on the number line. Then write the decimals from least to greatest.
a) A. 0.40     B. 0.05     C. 0.27
A

0 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90 1.00

     <      <     

b) A. 0.80     B. 0.08     C. 0.05

0 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90 1.00

     <      <     

5. Write the decimal as a fraction with denominator 100.

a) 0.7 = = b) 0.48 = c) 0.09 = d) 0.3 =

10 100 100 100

6. Write the fraction as a decimal with 2 digits after the decimal point.
6 77 5 9
a) = 0.   b) = 0.      c) = 0.   d) = 0.     
10 100 10 100
= 0.      = 0.     

7. Cross out the equalities that are incorrect.

52 8 17 3
0.52 = 0.8 = = 0.17 = 0.03
100 10 100 100

7 53 5 2
0.7 = 0.53 = 0.05 = 0.02 =
100 100 100 10

8. Write the decimals as hundredths to compare the decimals. Then write < or > in the box.
a) 0.4     0.73 b) 0.2     0.16 c) 0.7     0.59
COPYRIGHT © 2019 JUMP MATH: NOT TO BE COPIED.

=    = =      =    =      =   
100 100

  0.4 0.73   0.2 0.16   0.7 0.59

48 Number Sense 5-47

CA 5.2 AP U10 NS46-55 p45-63 V4.indd 48 2019-09-17 2:21:39 PM

 NS5-48 Combining Tenths and Hundredths
1. Describe the shaded part of the hundreds block in four ways.
a) b)

  
32 hundredths =    
3 tenths    
2 hundredths    hundredths =     tenths     hundredths
32
       = 0.   
3    
2        = 0.       
100 100

c) d)

   hundredths =     tenths     hundredths    hundredths =     tenths     hundredths

       = 0.               = 0.       

100 100

2. Fill in the blanks.

a) 71 hundredths =    
7 tenths    
1 hundredth b) 28 hundredths =    tenths    hundredths
71
      = 0.   
7    
1       = 0.       
100 100

c) 41 hundredths =     tenths     hundredth d) 60 hundredths =     tenths     hundredths

      = 0.              = 0.       

100 100

e) 6 hundredths =     tenths     hundredths f) 95 hundredths =     tenths     hundredths

      = 0.              = 0.       

100 100

3. Describe the decimal in two ways.

COPYRIGHT © 2019 JUMP MATH: NOT TO BE COPIED.

a) 0.52 =    
5 tenths    
2 hundredths b) 0.11 =     tenth     hundredth

=            
52 hundredths =             

c) 0.70 =     tenths     hundredths d) 0.07 =     tenths     hundredths

=              =             

Number Sense 5-4849

CA 5.2 AP U10 NS46-55 p45-63 V4.indd 49 2019-09-17 2:21:40 PM

 Jasmin describes the distance covered on a number line in two ways.
43 hundredths = 4 tenths 3 hundredths
0.43

0 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90 1.00

4. Write the distance covered in two ways.

A B

0 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90 1.0

A.    tenths    hundredths B.    tenths    hundredths

=    hundredths =    hundredths

5. Estimate and mark the location of the decimals on the number line.
a) A. 0.62     B. 0.35     C. 0.99     D. 0.05

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0

b) A. 0.37     B. 0.28     C. 0.51     D. 0.11

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0

REMINDER A metre is 100 centimetres.

6. What part of a metre is the length shown? Write your answer as a decimal and a fraction.
a)
0 cm 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

83
83 cm =     
0.83 m = m
COPYRIGHT © 2019 JUMP MATH: NOT TO BE COPIED.

100

b)
0 cm 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

58 cm =      m = m

50 Number Sense 5-48

CA 5.2 AP U10 NS46-55 p45-63 V4.indd 50 2019-09-17 2:21:41 PM

 NS5-50 Decimal Fractions and Place Value

Decimals are a way to record place decimal point

values based on decimal fractions. 5 thousands 5342.67 7 hundredths

3 hundreds 4 tens 2 ones 6 tenths

1. Write the place value of the underlined digit.

a) 2.7       
ones b) 53.9         c) 107.1        

d) 236.4         e) 501.08         f) 734.58        

2. Write the place value of the digit 3 in the number. Hint: First underline the 3 in the number.

a) 261.93         b) 405.03         c) 7103.8        

d) 3.02         e) 3919.1         f) 2854.30        

You can also write numbers using a place value chart. Example:
This is the number 7102.85 in a place value chart:
Thousands Hundreds Tens Ones Tenths Hundredths
7 1 0 2 8 5

3. Write the number into the place value chart.

Thousands Hundreds Tens Ones Tenths Hundredths
a) 5227.60 5 2 2 7 6 0
b) 853.4
c) 0.05
d) 27.00
e) 4.58

4. What is the value of the digit 9 in each decimal? Write the answer two ways.
9 9
a) 0.49   or 9        
hundredths b) 3.92   or 9         
COPYRIGHT © 2019 JUMP MATH: NOT TO BE COPIED.

100

9 9
c) 8.90   or 9          d) 3.09   or 9         

4
5. Put a decimal point in the number so that the digit 4 has the value .
10
a) 6 4 1 b) 1 0 4 c) 1 3 4 2 BONUS 100014

Number Sense 5-5053

CA 5.2 AP U10 NS46-55 p45-63 V4.indd 53 2019-09-17 2:21:50 PM

 NS5-51 Thousandths

1 one 1 tenth 1 hundredth 1 thousandth

1 1 1 1
=1 = 0 .1 = 0.01 = 0.001
1 10 100 1000

1. Complete the table.

Fraction Fraction Fraction Decimal Decimal Decimal
Tenths Hundredths Thousandths Tenths Hundredths Thousandths
6 60 600
a) 0.6 0.60 0.600
10 100 1000

b) 0.3

80
c)
100

d) 0.500

4
e)
10
200
f)
1000

g) 0.70

2. Write the fraction as a decimal with three digits after the decimal point.
2 74 9
a) =    .   
0 2    0    
0 b) =    .            c) =    .           
10 100 1000

101 596 110

d) =    .            e) =    .            f) =    .           
1000 1000 1000

9 1 10
g) =    .            h) =    .            i) =    .           
10 100 100
COPYRIGHT © 2019 JUMP MATH: NOT TO BE COPIED.

3. Write the decimal as a fraction with denominator 1000.

a) 0.346 = b) 0.27 = c) 0.8 = d) 0.101 =

1000 1000 1000 1000

e) 0.05 = f) 0.003 = g) 0.704 = h) 0.060 =

1000 1000 1000 1000

54 Number Sense 5-51

CA 5.2 AP U10 NS46-55 p45-63 V4.indd 54 2019-09-17 2:21:55 PM

 NS5-52 Comparing and Ordering Decimal Fractions and Decimals

6
This number line is divided into tenths. Point A is at = 0.6
10
A

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0

1. Write a decimal and a fraction for each point on the number line.
A B C D

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0
A B C D
Decimal 0.1
1
Fraction
10

2. Mark the decimal or fraction on the number line with a dot and a letter.

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0
7
A. 0.3 B. 0.2 C. 0.4 D.
10
9 6 99
E. F. G. 0.1 BONUS H.
10 10 100

28
This number line is divided into hundredths. Point A is at = 0.28
100
A

0 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90 1.00

3. Write a fraction and a decimal for each point on the number line.
B C A D

0 0.10 0.20 0.30

COPYRIGHT © 2019 JUMP MATH: NOT TO BE COPIED.

A.     B.     C.     D.    

4. Mark the decimal or fraction on the number line with a dot and a letter.

0 0.10 0.20 0.30

1 17
A. 0.13 B. C. 0.04 D.
100 100

Number Sense 5-5255

CA 5.2 AP U10 NS46-55 p45-63 V4.indd 55 2019-09-17 2:21:57 PM

 5. a) Estimate the position of the decimal or fraction on the number line by marking
a dot and a letter. Hint: Change all the fractions into decimals.

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0
10 8 74
A. B. 0.83 C. D. E. 0.5
100 10 100
    
0.10                    

10 8
b) Order , , and 0.5 from least to greatest.      <      <     
100 10

6. Change all decimals to fractions with denominator 100. Write the fractions in order
from greatest to least.
27 22 39
a) b) c)
0.9 0.25 0.2 0.8 0.35 0.3
100 100 100
27 90 25
100 100 100

90 27 25
> > > > > >
100 100 100

47 7 4 20
d)
0.45 0.4 e)
0.08 0.1 f) 0.24
100 100 10 100

> > > > > >

7. Use the numbers 10 and 100 as denominators to make the statement true.
6 6 6 6 7 6
a) > b) < BONUS <
10 100 COPYRIGHT © 2019 JUMP MATH: NOT TO BE COPIED.

8. Use the numbers 5 and 60 as numerators to make the statement true.

5 60
a) < b) <
100 100 10 100

3
9. a) Cam thinks is less than 0.30 because 3 is less than 30. Do you agree? Explain.
10
8
b) Lily thinks 0.1 is less than because 8 is greater than 1. Do you agree? Explain.
100

56 Number Sense 5-52

CA 5.2 AP U10 NS46-55 p45-63 V4.indd 56 2019-09-17 2:22:02 PM

 NS5-53 Comparing and Ordering Fractions and Decimals
1. 1
2

0    
0.1                                 1

a) Write a decimal for each mark on the number line above.

1
b) Which decimal is equal to one half? =     
2
c) Use the number line above to compare the pair of numbers. Write <, >, or = in the box.

> 1 1 1
i ) 0.7 ii ) 0.6 iii ) 0.4
2 2 2

1 1 1
iv) 0.5 v) 0.1 vi ) 0.2
2 2 2

2. Use the number lines to compare the pair of numbers. Write <, >, or = in the box.
1 1 3
0 4 2 4 1 quarters

tenths
0 1
3 7 1 1
a) 0.8 b) 0.4 c) 0.4 d) 0.2
4 10 4 4

1 1 3 3
e) 0.5 f) 0.3 g) 0.6 h) 0.7
2 4 4 4

3. Use the number lines to compare the pair of numbers. Write <, >, or = in the box.
1 1 3
0 4 2 4 1 quarters
COPYRIGHT © 2019 JUMP MATH: NOT TO BE COPIED.

hundredths
0 1
1 1 3 1
a) 0.21 b) 0.54 c) 0.75 d) 0.26
4 2 4 4

3 1 1 3
e) 0.74 f) 0.25 g) 0.50 h) 0.80
4 4 2 4

Number Sense 5-5357

CA 5.2 AP U10 NS46-55 p45-63 V4.indd 57 2019-09-17 2:22:03 PM

 1 1
4. Shade of the squares. Write two fractions and two decimals for .
2 2
1
Fractions: =     =
2 10 100
1
Decimals: = 0.    = 0.   
2

1 1
5. Shade of the squares. Write two fractions and two decimals for .
5 5
1
Fractions: =     =
5 10 100
1
Decimals: = 0.    = 0.   
5

6. Write equivalent fractions.

2 3 4
a) = = b) = = c) = =
5 10 100 5 10 100 5 10 100

1 1 3
7. Shade of the squares. Write a fraction and a decimal for and .
4 4 4
1 3
Fractions: = Fractions: =
4 100 4 100
1 3
Decimals: = 0.    Decimals: = 0.   
4 4

8. Circle the greater number in the pair. Hint: First change all fractions and decimals to
fractions with denominator 100.
1 1 2
a) b) c)
0.37 0.52 0.42
2 4 5
50
100

3 1 1
d)
0.7 e)
0.23 f) 0.52
5 5 2
COPYRIGHT © 2019 JUMP MATH: NOT TO BE COPIED.

9. Write the numbers in order from least to greatest. Explain how you found your answer.
1 1 3 2 1
a) 0.7   0.32   b)       0.63 c)    0.35  
2 4 5 5 2

58 Number Sense 5-53

CA 5.2 AP U10 NS46-55 p45-63 V4.indd 58 2019-09-17 2:22:06 PM

 NS5-54 Adding Decimals

A base ten representation for decimal tenths and hundredths:

= =

1 one 1 tenth 1 hundredth 1 one = 10 tenths 1 tenth = 10 hundredths

1. Regroup every 10 tenths as 1 one.

a) Ones Tenths

    ones
+     tenths

    ones after

regrouping
+     tenths

b) 14 tenths =     one +     tenths c) 23 tenths =     ones +     tenths

d) 49 tenths =     ones +     tenths e) 67 tenths =     ones +     tenths

2. Regroup so that each place value has a single digit.

a) 3 ones + 12 tenths =   
4 ones +   
2 tenths

b) 7 tenths + 14 hundredths =     tenths +     hundredths

c) 8 tenths + 15 hundredths =     tenths +     hundredths

d) 6 tenths + 24 hundredths =     tenths +     hundredths

e) 1 tenth + 89 hundredths =     tenths +     hundredths

3. Regroup 1 tenth for 10 hundredths.

a) 4 tenths + 0 hundredths =   
3 tenths +   
10 hundredths

b) 8 tenths + 0 hundredths =     tenths +     hundredths

COPYRIGHT © 2019 JUMP MATH: NOT TO BE COPIED.

c) 4 tenths + 1 hundredth =     tenths +     hundredths

d) 6 tenths + 8 hundredths =     tenths +     hundredths

e) 1 tenth + 9 hundredths =     tenths +     hundredths

BONUS 1 tenth + 89 hundredths =     tenths +     hundredths

Number Sense 5-5459

CA 5.2 AP U10 NS46-55 p45-63 V4.indd 59 2019-09-17 2:22:06 PM

 4. Write a decimal for each shaded part. Then add the decimals and shade your answer.
a) b)

+ = + =

0.25 + 0.50 = 0.75      +    =   

c) d)

+ = + =

     +    =         +    =   

e) BONUS

+ = + =

     +    =             +    =   

5. Add by adding each place value.

a) 41.2 + 7.48 b) 36.48 + 42.1
Tens Ones Tenths Hundredths Tens Ones Tenths Hundredths
4 1 2
+ 7 4 8 +
4 8 6 8

6. Add by adding each place value. Then regroup.

a) 4.65 + 0.73 b) 31.4 + 5.71
Ones Tenths Hundredths Tens Ones Tenths Hundredths
4 6 5
COPYRIGHT © 2019 JUMP MATH: NOT TO BE COPIED.

+ 0 7 3 +
4 13 8
5 3 8 after regrouping

60 Number Sense 5-54

CA 5.2 AP U10 NS46-55 p45-63 V5.indd 60 2019-09-19 3:32:50 PM

 7. Add the decimals by lining up the decimal points.
a) 0.41 + 0.37 b) 0.52 + 0.46 c) 0.05 + 0.83 d) 0.4 + 0.04

0 4 1
+ 0 3 7 + + +
0 7 8

You can show regrouping on a grid. Example: 4.8 + 3.5

1
4 8 8 tenths + 5 tenths = 13 tenths were regrouped as 1 one and 3 tenths
+ 3 5

8 3

8. Add the decimals by lining up the decimal points. You will need to regroup.
a) 0.7 + 0.48 b) 0.26 + 0.65 c) 0.63 + 0.84 d) 0.17 + 0.43 + 1.32

1
0 7
+ 0 4 8 + +
1 1 8 +

9. Add the decimals by lining up the decimal points. You may need to regroup.
a) 2.51 + 4.68 b) 5.45 + 3.45 c) 8.48 + 0.09 d) 0.87 + 0.04

+ + + +
COPYRIGHT © 2019 JUMP MATH: NOT TO BE COPIED.

10. The mass of a dime is 1.75 g, and the mass of a quarter is 4.4 g. What is the total mass
of one dime and two quarters?

11. Bill adds 21.4 + 4.21 on grid paper. He gets 63.5. What mistake did he make? Explain.

Number Sense 5-5461

CA 5.2 AP U10 NS46-55 p45-63 V4.indd 61 2019-09-17 2:22:06 PM

 NS5-55 Adding Decimals and Subtracting Decimals
1. Subtract by crossing out the correct number of shaded boxes. Give the answer as a decimal.
a) b) c) d)

0.21 − 0.11 =     0.38 − 0.12 =     0.69 − 0.34 =     0.57 − 0.25 =    

2. Subtract the decimals by lining up the decimal points.

a) 0.74 − 0.31 b) 0.65 − 0.24 c) 3.47 − 2.2 d) 6.49 − 0.35

0 7 4
− 0 3 1 − − −
0 4 3

e) 2.51 − 1.51 f) 3.79 − 2.06 g) 8.84 − 7.10 h) 5.19 − 3.07

− − − −

i ) 4.08 − 4.04 j ) 2.15 − 2.03 k) 5.52 − 2.41 l ) 9.83 − 2.70

− − − −

When subtracting decimals, you may have to regroup just like when you subtract whole numbers.
Example:
6 10 6 10
COPYRIGHT © 2019 JUMP MATH: NOT TO BE COPIED.

5 7 0 5 7 0 5 7 0
− 1 2 4 − 1 2 4 − 1 2 4

4 4 6
             
Regroup 1 tenth as 10 hundredths.

62 Number Sense 5-55

CA 5.2 AP U10 NS46-55 p45-63 V4.indd 62 2019-09-17 2:22:07 PM

 3. Subtract the decimals. Put a decimal point in your answer on the grid.
a) 0.81 − 0.58 b) 5.72 − 3.56 c) 6.15 − 4.2 d) 2.46 − 0.38

7 11

0 8 1
− 0 5 8 − − −
0 2 3

e) 4.4 − 2.65 f) 31.1 − 22.2 g) 7.45 − 6.68 h) 5.20 − 1.23

− − − −

4. Subtract the decimals on grid paper.

a) 0.87 − 0.26 b) 6.15 − 4.04 c) 5.83 − 3.69

5. Add or subtract mentally.

a) 0.54 + 0.31 =      b) 4.95 − 2.84 =      c) 7.09 − 4.02 =     

d) 2.37 + 1.22 =      e) 5.73 − 1.62 =      f) 8.71 − 1.71 =     

g) 1.45 + 2.54 =      h) 4.35 − 2.12 =      i ) 9.47 − 7.46 =     

6. What is the difference in the thickness of these coins?

a) a quarter (1.58 mm) and a dime (1.22 mm) b) a nickel (1.76 mm) and a quarter (1.58 mm)
COPYRIGHT © 2019 JUMP MATH: NOT TO BE COPIED.

7. Sara made coloured water for a project by mixing 0.05 L of blue dye with
0.85 L of water. How many litres of blue-coloured water did she make?

8. An average house cat’s body and head are about 0.46 m long. The tail is
about 0.30 m long. What is the total length of an average house cat?     

Number Sense 5-5563

CA 5.2 AP U10 NS46-55 p45-63 V4.indd 63 2019-09-17 2:22:07 PM

 NS5-56 Dollar and Cent Notation

dollars dollars dollars

100¢ = $1.00 345¢ = $3.45 1843¢ = $18.43

dimes cents dimes cents dimes cents

1. Write the amount in cent notation and then in dollar notation.

a) 4 nickels =     
20¢ =      
$0.20 b) 6 dimes =      =      

c) 1 quarter =      =       d) 5 nickels =      =      

e) 3 quarters =      =       f) 8 dimes =      =      

g ) 1 loonie =      =       h) 5 loonies =      =      

i ) 7 loonies =      =       j ) 10 dimes =      =      

BONUS

k) 4 loonies, 3 dimes, and 1 nickel =      =      

l ) 3 toonies, 2 loonies, 1 quarter, 1 dime, and 2 nickels =      =      

2. Complete the table.

Amount in ¢ Dollars Dimes Cents Amount in $

a) 143¢ 1 4 3 $1.43
b) 47¢ 0
c) 305¢
d) 3¢
BONUS

2016¢

3. Write the amount in cent notation.

COPYRIGHT © 2019 JUMP MATH: NOT TO BE COPIED.

a) $3.00 =      
300¢ b) $0.60 =       c) $0.09 =      

d) $1.00 =       e) $7.98 =       f) $12.00 =      

g) $10.00 =       h) $1.99 =       i ) $1.51 =      

j ) $0.98 =       k) $0.03 =       l ) $0.08 =      

m) $23.00 =       n) $31.06 =       o) $40.04 =      

64 Number Sense 5-56

CA 5.2 AP U11 NS56-62 p64-79 V4.indd 64 2019-09-17 2:42:19 PM

 4. Write the amount in dollar notation.
a) 254¢ =      
$2.54 b) 103¢ =       c) 216¢ =      

d) 375¢ =       e) 300¢ =       f) 4¢ =      

g) 607¢ =       h) 1908¢ =       i ) 600¢ =      

j ) 99¢ =       k) 1200¢ =       BONUS 9008¢ =      

5. Complete the table.

Dollars Cents Total

a) =    
$3 =     
35¢      
$3.35

b) =     =           

c) =     =          

d) =     =           

e) =     =         

f) =     =         

COPYRIGHT © 2019 JUMP MATH: NOT TO BE COPIED.

6. Lela paid for a notebook with 3 coins. The notebook cost $6.00. Which coins did she use?

Number Sense 5-5665

CA 5.2 AP U11 NS56-62 p64-79 V4.indd 65 2019-09-17 2:42:20 PM

 7. Show two ways to make $5.25 with 6 coins and/or bills.

8. Change the amount in dollar notation to cent notation. Then circle the greater amount.

a) 175¢ or $1.73 b) $1.00 or 10¢ c) 6¢ or $0.04

173¢

d) $5.98 or 597¢ e) 600¢ or $6.05 f) $0.87 or 187¢

9. Write each amount in cent notation. Then circle the greater amount of money in the pair.
a) three dollars and sixty-five cents or three hundred fifty-six cents

                               

b) nine dollars and twenty-eight cents or nine dollars and eighty-two cents

                               

c) eight dollars and seventy-five cents or $8.57

                               

10. Which is a greater amount of money: 168¢ or $1.65? Explain.

11. Marla has 1014¢, Ray has eleven dollars and forty-one cents, and Jessica has $11.04.
Write Marla’s amount and Ray’s amount in dollar notation. Then order the three amounts
from least to greatest.
Marla’s amount: 1014¢ = $     
Ray’s amount: eleven dollars and forty-one cents = $     
COPYRIGHT © 2019 JUMP MATH: NOT TO BE COPIED.

      <       <      

12. Sammy has 2308¢. Jacob has 2083¢. Write an amount in dollar notation that is …

a) greater than both amounts.      

b) less than both amounts.      

c) between the two amounts.      

66 Number Sense 5-56

CA 5.2 AP U11 NS56-62 p64-79 V4.indd 66 2019-09-17 2:42:20 PM

 NS5-57 Adding and Subtracting Money
1. Add.
a) $5.45 + $3.23 b) $26.15 + $32.23 c) $19.57 + $50.32

$ 5 4 5 $ $
+ $ 3 2 3 + $ + $

$ $ $

2. Add. You will have to regroup.

a) $ 1 6 6 0 b) $ 2 7 4 5 c) $ 8 7 4 1
+ $ 2 3 7 5 + $ 4 5 1 2 + $ 6 3 9

$ $ $

d) $ 3 4 6 0 e) $ 3 2 4 7 f) $ 1 6 0 8
+ $ 2 6 0 0 + $ 4 4 2 5 + $ 4 8 0 5

$ $ $

3. Subtract. You will have to regroup.

a) $ 2 4 5 0 b) $ 3 6 4 5 c) $ 4 7 2 3
− $ 2 1 7 5 − $ 1 3 8 0 − $ 6 7 2

$ $ $

d) $ 5 3 0 4 e) $ 7 0 6 2 f) $ 8 4 1 7
− $ 1 6 0 3 − $ 2 5 5 1 − $ 3 9 0 9
COPYRIGHT © 2019 JUMP MATH: NOT TO BE COPIED.

$ $ $

4. Jasmin bought a pair of mittens for $7.25 and a T-shirt for $13.53.
How much did Jasmin spend in total?

5. A library spent $270.25 on novels and $389.82 on movies and music.

How much did the library spend in total?

Number Sense 5-57 67

CA 5.2 AP U11 NS56-62 p64-79 V4.indd 67 2019-09-17 2:42:21 PM

 6. Eric bought two baseball hats that cost $21.30 each. Add to find out how much
he paid in total.

7. Raj has $25. If he buys a board game for $9.50 and a book for $10.35,
will he have enough money left to buy a second book for $5.10?

8. The regular price for a pair of glasses is $69.99. Today only, they are on sale for
$10.50 off per pair. If Lynn buys her glasses today, how much will she pay?
BONUS If Lynn buys one pair of glasses today and one pair next week, how much
will she pay in total?

9. Answer the question by looking at the items and their prices below.
a) If you bought a pair of shoes, a camera, and a water bottle, how much would you pay?
b) Which costs more: shoes and a soccer ball or pants?
c) Could you buy a water bottle, a hockey shirt, and shoes with $60? Explain how you
found the answer.
d) What is the total cost of the three most expensive items?
BONUS How much would it cost to buy two pairs of pants? Explain how you could
use a mental math strategy to simplify the calculation.

$28.50 $42.89
$49.95

$35.47

$12.30
$15.64

10. Try to find the answer mentally.

COPYRIGHT © 2019 JUMP MATH: NOT TO BE COPIED.

a) How much do 4 loaves of bread cost at $2.10 each?

b) Apples cost 50¢ each. How many could you buy with $3.00?
c) Permanent markers cost $3.10 each. How many could you buy if you had $12.00?

11. Sam spent $3.27 on apples, 563¢ on peaches, and four dollars and ninety-six cents
on grapes. Write each amount in dollar notation. Use graph paper to find the total
amount Sam spent.

68 Number Sense 5-57

CA 5.2 AP U11 NS56-62 p64-79 V4.indd 68 2019-09-17 2:42:21 PM

 NS5-58 Rounding Decimals
1. Draw an arrow to the 0 or to the 1 to show whether the circled decimal is closer to 0 or 1.

a) b)
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0

c) d)
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0

2. a) Which decimal numbers between 0 and 1.0 are closer to …

i ) 0?          ii ) 1.0?         

b) Why is 0.5 a special case? 

3. Draw an arrow to show which whole number you would round the circled number to.
Then round to the nearest whole number.

a)
1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.0

Round to    
1.0        

b)
3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 5.0

Round to            

4. If the statement is correct, write in the box. If the statement is not correct, write
in the box.
a) 3.6 is closer to 3.0 than to 4.0. b) 1.4 is closer to 1.0 than to 2.0.

c) 9.2 is closer to 10.0 than to 9.0. d) 11.7 is closer to 11.0 than to 12.0.

e) 25.6 is closer to 26.0 than to 25.0. f) 111.7 is closer to 111.0 than to 112.0.

g) 0.4 is closer to 1.0 than to 0. BONUS

1009.4 is closer to 1010.0 than to 1009.0.
COPYRIGHT © 2019 JUMP MATH: NOT TO BE COPIED.

5. Draw an arrow to show whether the circled number is closer to 0 or 1.00.

a)
0 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90 1.00

b)
0 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90 1.00

Number Sense 5-5869

CA 5.2 AP U11 NS56-62 p64-79 V4.indd 69 2019-09-17 2:42:21 PM

 6. Draw an arrow to show whether the circled number is closer to 0 or 1.000.

0 0.100 0.200 0.300 0.400 0.500 0.600 0.700 0.800 0.900 1.000

7. Draw an arrow to show which whole number you would round the circled number to.

1.00 1.10 1.20 1.30 1.40 1.50 1.60 1.70 1.80 1.90 2.00
1.33 1.78

8. Draw an arrow to show which whole number you would round the circled number to.

4.00 4.10 4.20 4.30 4.40 4.50 4.60 4.70 4.80 4.90 5.00
4.26 4.72

REMINDER If the tenths digit in the decimal is …

0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 — you round down.      5, 6, 7, 8, or 9 — you round up.

9. Round to the nearest whole number.

a) 2.2 2 b) 2.6 3 c) 7.3

d) 5.8 e) 9.4 f) 8.5

g) 11.1 h) 30.7 i ) 19.6

10. Round to the nearest tenth. Underline the tenths digit first. Then put your pencil on the
digit to the right (the hundredths digit). This digit tells you whether to round up or down.
  
a) 1.45 1.5 b) 1.83 c) 3.61

d) 3.42 e) 5.55 f) 6.67

g) 6.56 h) 8.47 i ) 9.38

COPYRIGHT © 2019 JUMP MATH: NOT TO BE COPIED.

j ) 7.94 k) 4.97 l ) 9.96

11. A fish tank is 20.0 cm deep. It has a line marked on it at 19.6 cm.
The instructions say: CAUTION: DO NOT FILL ABOVE THIS LINE.
20.0 cm
a) What is the nearest whole number to 19.6?
b) In this case, why would you not round 19.6 to the
nearest whole number? Explain. 19.6 cm

70 Number Sense 5-58

CA 5.2 AP U11 NS56-62 p64-79 V4.indd 70 2019-09-17 2:42:22 PM

 NS5-59 Estimating Sums and Differences for Decimals

Mathematicians use the symbol ≈ to mean “approximately equal to.”

1. Estimate the sum or difference using the whole-number parts of the decimal.
Example: For 14.35 + 0.23 + 5.74, estimate 14 + 0 + 5 = 19

a) 3.9 + 4.25 ≈    +    =    b) 7.03 − 5.42 ≈    −    =   

c) 3.2 + 5.1 + 4.6 ≈    +    +    =    d) 9.6 − 3.0 − 4.9 ≈    −    −    =   

2. Estimate by rounding to the nearest whole number. Then add or subtract.

a) 3.2 3 b) 1.6 c) 5.6 d) 6.8

+ 1.3 + 1 + 0.6 + − 3.1 − − 0.5 −

e) 1.9 f) 0.4 g) 8.6 h) 29.8

+ 0.8 + − 0.2 − + 1.1 + + 68.9 +

i ) 0.6 + 0.3 j ) 0.9 − 0.4 k) 2.6 + 0.5 l ) 3.5 − 0.5

m) 1.3 − 1.2 n) 1.5 + 0.9 o) 2.1 − 0.7 BONUS

2001.4 − 0.9

3. Estimate by rounding to the nearest tenth. Then add or subtract.

a) 0.42 0.4 b) 0.28

+ 5.23 + 5.2 + 0.14 +

5.6

c) 2.62 d) 4.87
COPYRIGHT © 2019 JUMP MATH: NOT TO BE COPIED.

− 0.19 − − 4.57 −

e) 0.73 + 2.17 ≈           
0.7 + 2.2 = 2.9 f) 0.89 − 0.46 ≈            

g) 0.63 + 0.26 ≈             h) 3.82 − 2.47 ≈            

i ) 0.48 + 2.27 ≈             j ) 126.42 − 126.37 ≈            

Number Sense 5-5971

CA 5.2 AP U11 NS56-62 p64-79 V4.indd 71 2019-09-17 2:42:22 PM

 4. The decimal tenths that could be rounded to 7 are from 6.5 to 7.4.
Which decimal tenths could be rounded to 17? Explain how you know.

For Questions 5 to 7, estimate the answer before calculating.

5. Mary wants to buy a backpack for $24.99, a tennis racket for $36.50, and
a hockey shirt for $19.99. How much will the three items cost altogether?

6. The average temperature in Saint John’s, NL, in April is 1.9°C. The average
temperature in Saint John’s, NL, in August is 15.5°C. What is the difference
between the two average temperatures?

7. The school is 1.7 km from the library and 2.3 km from the house.
The library is 0.7 km from the house.
a) Find the distance from the house to the school to the library
and back to the house.

b) How much farther is the school from the library than the
library is from the house?
COPYRIGHT © 2019 JUMP MATH: NOT TO BE COPIED.

8. At a school track meet, the student whose long jump was 2.37 m won first prize.
Second prize went to the student who jumped 2.19 m.
a) Was the difference between the jumps more or less than 10 cm?
b) Round both jumps to the nearest tenth. What is the difference between the
rounded amounts?
c) Make up two jumps that would round to the same number when rounded
to the tenths.

72 Number Sense 5-59

CA 5.2 AP U11 NS56-62 p64-79 V4.indd 72 2019-09-17 2:42:22 PM