LIBERTY PAPER SET

STD. 12 ઃ Mathematics

Full Solution
Time ઃ 3 Hours ASSIGNTMENT PAPER 3

PART A

1. (C) 2. (B) 3. (C) 4. (D) 5. (A) 6. (B) 7. (C) 8. (B) 9. (D) 10. (D) 11. (A) 12. (A) 13. (A)
14. (A) 15. (D) 16. (C) 17. (B) 18. (B) 19. (D) 20. (A) 21. (C) 22. (C) 23. (C) 24. (B) 25. (C)
26. (B) 27. (B) 28. (C) 29. (D) 30. (D) 31. (B) 32. (B) 33. (C) 34. (A) 35. (B) 36. (D) 37. (B)
38. (D) 39. (A) 40. (C) 41. (A) 42. (B) 43. (D) 44. (A) 45. (B) 46. (A) 47. (C) 48. (C) 49. (D)
50. (A)

PART B
RS V
SS sin a π 22x k WWW
−
SECTION A
= tan–1 SS W
SS1 − cos a π − 2x k WWW
2
1. T X
RS V
SS 2sin a π 42x k cos a π 42x k WWW
− −
«« Method 1 :
= tan–1 SS WW
2sin 2 a 4 k
SS π − 2x WW
Here, tan–1 c − m
cosx
1 sinx T X
= tan–1 <cot c
π 2x mF
−
2 x
− 2x
> H
cos 2 sin 2 4
= tan–1 2 x 2 x x
cos 2 + sin 2 − 2sin 2 . cos x
= tan–1 <tan c
2 π − π − 2x mF
RS 2 4
x V
SS ` cos 2 + sin 2 j` cos 2 − sin 2 j WWW
x x x

= tan–1 ;tan c mE
= tan–1 SS WW π+x
` cos 2 − sin 2 j
SS x x 2 WW 4 2
T X
x x 3π π
cos 2 + sin 2
= tan–1 > x H
 – 2 <x< 2
x 3π x π
cos 2 − sin 2 ⇒– 4 < 2 < 4
π π π x π
( Dividing numerator & denominator by cos ) ⇒– 2 < 4 + 2 < 2
2
x  –
3π
<x<
π ⇒ b π + x l ∈ b− π , π l ... (1)
1 + tan 2
> H
2 2 4 2 2 2
= tan–1 x 3π x π π+x
1 − tan 2 ⇒– 4 < 2 < 4 = ( From equation (1))
π π x π 4 2
⇒– 2 < 4 + 2 < 2
= tan–1 ;tan b lE
π+x 2.
⇒b l b , l
4 2 π + x ∈ −π π
4 2 2 2
«« L.H.S. = sin–1(2x 1 − x2 )
π+x ( From ... (1)
= Suppose, x = cos θ
4 2 equation (1))
∴ θ = cos–1x, θ ∈ [0, π]
«« Method 2 :
= sin–1(2 cos θ 1 − cos 2 θ )
SS sin ` 2 − x j WWW
RS π V
tan–1 c − m = tan–1 SS
cosx W = sin–1(2 cos θ sin θ)
1 sinx SS1 − cos ` π − x j WWW
2 = sin–1(sin 2θ)
T X
 1 «« Method 2 :
Here, <x<1
2
tan 4 x sec 2 x
∴ cos
π
4
< cos θ < cos 0 # x
dx
π
∴ 0<θ< ( cos θ is decreasing function
4 Take, tan x = u,
π in first quadrant)
∴ 0 < 2θ <
2
1
∴ sec2 x dx = du
2 x
2θ ∈ ;0, E ⊂ ;− , E
π π π
∴ ....... (1)
2 2 2 sec 2 x
∴ sin–1(sin 2θ) = 2θ( From equation (1)) ∴ dx = 2 du
x
= 2 cos–1x
= R.H.S.
=2 # u4 du

2u5
3. = +c
5
«« y = 3cos(logx) + 4sin (logx)
2 tan5 x
Differentiate w.r.t. x, = +c
5
1 1
y1 = – 3sin[logx] . x + 4cos[logx] . x 5.
\ xy1 = – 3sin(logx) + 4cos(logx) «« Required Area,
Now, differentiate again w.r.t. x, A = 4 | I |
1 1
x . y2 + y1 = – 3cos(logx) . x + 4(–sin(logx)) . x π
2
\ x2y2 + xy1 = – (3cos(logx) + 4sin(logx)) ∴ I = # y dx
\ x2y2 + xy1 = – y 0
π
\ x2y2 + xy1 + y = 0 2

4.
∴ I = # sin  x dx
0
π
«« Method 1 :
∴ I = 6− cos x@
2

1 − 12 = 1
Derivative of x is
x . 0
2 2 x π
Thus, we use the substitution x = t . ∴ I = – cos + cos 0
2
1 ∴ I =1
So, that, dx = dt .
2 x
Now, A = 4| I |
∴ dx = 2t dt
= 4| 1 |
Thus,
∴ A = 4 sq. units.
tan 4 x sec 2 x 2t tan 4 t sec 2 t dt
# x
dx = # t 6.
=2 # tan 4 2
t sec t dt «« From Fig, the area of the region ABA’B’A bounded
Again, we make another substitution, tan t = u by the ellipse = 4 × area of the region AOBA the first
So, that sec2t dt = du quadrant bounded by the curve x - axis and the ordinates
∴ 2 ∫ tan4t sec2t dt = 2 ∫ u4du x = 0, x = a) (as the ellipse is symmetrical about both
u 5 x-axis and y-axis)
=2⋅ +c a
5
2 = 4 # y (taking verticalstrips)
= tan5t + c (u = tan t)
5 0

2 x2 y2 b
= tan5 x + c (t = x) Now, + = 1 gives y = ± a a 2 − x 2
5 a2 b2
tan 4 x sec 2 x 2 but as the region AOBA lies in the first quadrant, y is
Hence, # x
dx =
5
tan5 x +c
taken as positive. So, the required area is,
 Y 8.
«« We have,
B (0, b)
| a – b |2 = ( a – b ) · ( a – b )
A' (–a, 0) y
A (a, 0) = a ·a –a · b – b ·a + b · b
X' X
O dx = | a |2 – 2( a · b ) + | b |2
= (2)2 – 2(4) + (3)2
B' (0, –b)
=5
Y' ∴ | a – b | = 5
a
b 2− 2
= 4 # a a x dx
9.
0 x−5 y+4 z−6
«« = =
a 3 7 2
= a ; a − x + sin a E
4 b x 2 2 a 2 −1 x
2 2 Now, a = 5 it – 4 tj + 6 kt
0

Direction of line b = 3 it + 7 tj + 2 kt
= a <c # 0 + sin −1 1 m − (0)F
4b a a2
2 2 Vector from, r = a + λ b λ ∈ R

4b a 2 π ∴ r = (5 it – 4 tj + 6 kt ) + λ(3 it + 7 tj + 2 kt ), λ ∈ R
= a
2 2 Which is required vector equation of line.
= πab sq. unit
10.
7. Suppose, A(1, –1, 2), B(3, 4, –2),
««
«« sin x cos y dx + cos x sin y dy = 0 C(0, 3, 2), D(3, 5, 6) are given points.
∴ cos x sin y dy = – sin x cos y dx b1 = AB
sin y sin x = Position vector of B – Position vector of A
∴ cos y dy = – cos x dx
= 2 it + 5 tj – 4 kt
∴ tan y dy = – tan x dx
b2 = CD
→ Integrate both the sides, = Position vector of D – Position vector of C

∴ # tan y dy = – # tan x dx = 3 it + 2 tj + 4 kt

∴ log | sec y | = – log | sec x | + log | c | b1 · b2 = (2 it + 5 tj – 4 kt ) · (3 it + 2 tj + 4 kt )

= 6 + 10 – 16
∴ log | sec y | + log | sec x | = log | c |
= 0
∴ log | sec x · sec y | = log | c |
∴ b1 and b2 are perpendicular to each other.
∴ sec x · sec y = c ... (1)
Therefore, given lines are perpendicular to each other.
→ Curve passes through the point c 0, m
π
4 11.
π
∴ sec 0 · sec = c 1 3
4 «« P(A) = , P(B) = P, P(A ∪ B) =
2 5
∴ c = 2
(i) A and B are mutually exclusive events.
→ Put the value of c in equation (1), ∴ P(A ∩ B) = 0
sec x sec y = 2 ∴ P(A ∪ B) = P(A) + P(B) – P(A ∩ B)

sec x = 1 3 1
∴ ∴ = +P–0
sec y 5 2
2
3 1
sec x ∴ P= –
∴ = cos y; 5 2
2
1
∴ P=
Which is required equation of curve. 10
(ii) A and B are independent events. Option 3 : ∀ x1, x2 ∈ R, x1 ≥ 0 and
∴ P(A ∩ B) = P(A) · P(B) Take, x2 < 0
f (x1) = f (x2)
∴ P(A ∪ B) = P(A) + P(B) – P(A ∩ B)
x1 x2
3 1 1 =
∴ = +P– P 1 + x1 1 − x2
5 2 2
∴ x1 – x1x2 = x2 + x1x2
3 1 1 ∴ x1 – x2 = 2 x1x2 which is not possible.
∴ – = P
5 2 2
( x1 ≥ 0, x2 < 0 2x1x2 ≤ 0)
1 1 when x1 – x2 > 0
∴ P=
2 10
This option is not possible.
1 ∴ For other two options,
∴P=
5
f (x1) = f (x2) ⇒ x1 = x2
12. ∴ f is one-one.
1 7 7 ∀ y ∈ (–1, 1)
«« P(A) = , P(A) · P(B) = , P(B) =
2 24 12 (i) –1 < y < 0 then
P(not A or not B) = P(A’ ∪ B’) Suppose, f(x) = y ∴ f(x) < 0
1 x
∴ =y
4
= P(A ∩ B)’
∴ 1−x
∴ x = y – yx
= 1 – P(A ∩ B)
∴ x + yx = y
1 ∴ x(1 + y) = y
∴ P(A ∩ B) = 1 –
4 y
∴ x= + ∈R
3 1 y
∴ P(A ∩ B) =
4 y
Now, f (x) = f e o
7 1+y
≠
24 y
1+y
≠ P(A) · P(B) = y
∴ A and B are not independent events. 1− +
1 y
y
SECTION B = =y
1+y−y
(ii) 0 ≤ y < 1 then
Suppose, f (x) = y ∴ f(x) ≥ 0
13.
x
∴ =y
x 1+x
«« Option 1 : x ≥ 0, f(x) = H 0 |x| = x
1+x ∴ x = y + yx
∀ x1, x2 > 0, f (x1) = f (x2) ∴ x – yx = y
x1 x2 ∴ x(1 – y) = y
∴ = y
1 + x1 1 + x2 ∴ x= − ∈R
1 y
∴ x1 + x1x2 = x2 + x1x2
y
∴ x1 = x2 Now f  (x) = f e o
1−y
x
Option 2 : x < 0, f(x) = ( |x| = –x) y
1−x
1−y
∴ x1, x2 < 0, f (x1) = f (x2) = y
x1 x2 1+ −
1 y
∴ =
1 − x1 1 − x2 y
= − +
1 y y
∴ x1 – x1x2 = x2 – x1x2
= y
∴ x1 = x2 ∴ For two option, f is onto function.
14. −1 3
Co-factor of element –2 A13 = (–1)4
«« Suppose A is symmetric matrix. 0 −2
\ A’ = A ... (1) = 1(2 – 0)

Take, X = B’AB = 2
X’ = (B’AB)’ 2 −2
Co-factor of element –1 A21 = (–1)3
= (B’(AB))’ ( Associative law) −2 1
= (–1)(2 – 4)
= (AB)’ (B’)’
= 2
= (B’A’) B
= B’(A’B) ( Associative law)
1 −2
Co-factor of element 3 A22 = (–1)4
0 1
= B’ (AB) ( From equation (1))
= 1(1 – 0)
= B’AB
= 1
= X
1 2
\ X is symmetric matrix. Co-factor of element 0 A23 = (–1)5
0 −2
\ B’AB is symmetric matrix. = (–1)(–2 – 0)
Suppose, A is skew symmetric matrix. = 2
\ A’ = – A ... (2) 2 −2
Co-factor of element 0 A31  = (–1)4
Take, X = B’AB 3 0
X’ = (B’AB)’ = 1(0 + 6)
= (B’(AB))’ = 6
= (AB)’ (B’)’ 1 −2
Co-factor of element –2 A32 = (–1)5
−1 0
= (B’A’) B
= (–1)(0 – 2)
= (–B’A)B ( From equation (2))
= 2
= – (B’A)B
1 2
= – B’AB Co-factor of element 1 A33 = (–1)6
−1 3
X’ = – X = 1(3 + 2)

\ X is skew symmetric matrix. = 5

\ B’AB is skew symmetric matrix. R V
SSS3 2 6WWW
15. adj B = SS1 1 2WW
SS W
2 2 5W
«« For finding B–1, T X
RS V
1 2 −2 SS3 2 6WWW
1 1
B–1 = adj B = SS1 1 2WW
|B| = − 1 3 0 |B | 1 SS W
2 2 5W
0 −2 1 T X
SSR3 2 6WVW
= 1(3 – 0) – 2(– 1 – 0) – 2(2 – 0) S W
\ B–1 = SS1 1 2WW
=3+2–4 SS W
2 2 5W
=1≠0 T X
(AB)–1 = B–1 A–1
\ B–1 exists.
RS V R V
For finding adj B, SS3 2 6WWW SSS 3 − 1 1 WWW
3 0 = SS1 1 2WW SS− 15 6 − 5WW
Co-factor of element 1 A11 = (–1)2 SS W S W
−2 1 2 2 5W SS 5 − 2 2 WW
T X T X
RS V
= 1(3 – 0) SS9 − 30 + 30 − 3 + 12 − 12 3 − 10 + 12WWW
=3 = SS3 − 15 + 10 − 1 + 6 − 4 1 − 5 + 4 WW
SS W
−1 0 S6 − 30 + 25 − 2 + 12 − 10 2 − 10 + 10WW
Co-factor of element 2 A12 = (–1)3 T X
0 1 R V
SSS 9 − 3 5WWW
= (–1)(– 1 – 0) (AB)–1 = SS− 2 1 0WW
SS W
=1 S 1 0 2WW
T X
16. \ f is strictly decreasing function in the interval of (–∞, –1)
«« x 1+y + y 1+x = 0 → ∀ x ∈ (–1, 1) ⇒ (x + 1)2 > 0, (x – 3)2 > 0, x – 1 < 0
∴ x 1+y = – y 1+x ⇒ (x + 1)2 (x – 3)2 (x – 1) < 0
Now, squaring both sides, ⇒ 6(x + 1)2 (x – 3)2 (x – 1) < 0
x2 (1 + y) = y2 (1 + x) ⇒ f  ‘(x) < 0
\ x2 + x2y = y2 + y2x \ f is strictly decreasing function in the interval of (–1, 1)
\ x2 – y2 + x2y – y2x = 0 → ∀ x ∈ (1, 3) ⇒ (x + 1)2 > 0, (x – 3)2 > 0, x – 1 > 0
\ (x – y) (x + y) + (x – y)xy = 0 ⇒ (x + 1)2 (x – 3)2 (x – 1) > 0
\ (x – y) (x + y + xy) = 0 ⇒ 6(x + 1)2 (x – 3)2 (x – 1) > 0
x – y = 0 fu x + y + xy = 0
⇒ f  ‘(x) > 0
When, x = y \ f is strictly decreasing function in the interval of (1, 3)
x 1+x + x 1+x = 0 → ∀ x ∈ (3, ∞) ⇒ (x + 1)2 > 0, (x – 3)2 > 0, x – 1 > 0
\ 2x 1 + x = 0
⇒ (x + 1)2 (x – 3)2 (x – 1) > 0

\ 1+x = 0 ⇒ 6(x + 1)2 (x – 3)2 (x – 1) > 0
dy ⇒ f  ‘(x) > 0
Thus, does not exist.
dx
\ f is strictly decreasing function in the interval of (3, ∞)
\ x + y + xy = 0
\ x + y (1 + x) = 0 18.
\ y (1 + x) = – x «« Two adjacent sides of Parellelogram ABCD
−x AB = a = 2 it – 4 tj + 5 kt
\ y= +
1 x
and BC = b
= it – 2 tj – 3 kt
Now, differentiate w.r.t. x,
Diagonal vector AC = c

dy (1 + x) (1) − (x) = a + b
= −> H
dx (1 + x) 2 = 3 it – 6 tj + 2 kt

dy | c | = 9 + 36 + 4
−1
=
dx ]1 + xg2 = 49
| c | =7
17. Unit vector parellel to diagonal vector c
«« Here, f (x) = (x + 1)3 (x – 3)3 c 3 t− 6t+ 2 t
= = i j k
f  ‘(x) = 3(x + 1)2 (x – 3)3 + 3(x – 3)2 (x + 1)3 c 7 7 7
= 3(x + 1)2 (x – 3)2 (x – 3 + x + 1) In this way, find parellel vector to the diagonal BD
= 3(x + 1)2 (x – 3)2 (2x – 2) Area of Parellelogram,
= 6(x + 1)2 (x – 3)2 (x – 1) ∆=| a × b | ... (1)
→ For finding intervals, Now, a × b = (2 i – 4 j + 5 k ) × ( i – 2 j – 3 kt )
t t t t t
f  ‘(x) = 0
it tj kt
\ 6(x + 1)2 (x – 3)2 (x – 1) = 0 = 2 −4 5
\ (x + 1)2 =0 x–3=0 x–1=0 1 −2 −3
\ x+1=0 x=3 x=1 ∴   a × b = 22 it + 11 tj + 0 kt
x = –1 Area of parallelogram = ]22g2 + ]11g2
∴  | a × b | = 484 + 121
–∞ –1 1 3 ∞
= 605
→ ∀ x ∈ (–∞, –1) ⇒ (x + 1)2 > 0, (x – 3)2 > 0, x – 1 < 0
= 11 5
⇒ (x + 1)2 (x – 3)2 (x – 1) < 0
From equation (1),
⇒ 6(x + 1)2 (x – 3)2 (x – 1) < 0
∆ = 11 5 sq. units.
⇒ f  ‘(x) < 0
19.
«« L : r = ( it + 2 tj + kt ) + λ( it – tj + kt );
M : r = 2 it – tj – kt + µ(2 it + tj + 2 kt ) Y

y
∴ a1 = it + 2 tj + kt

=
x
∴ b1 = it – tj + kt , and
25
D(0,20)
a2 = 2 it – tj – kt ; 15 C(15,15)
A
0 )
b2 = 2 it + tj + 2 kt (1,1 5 B(5,5) (60,0)
X' O X
5 20 35 50
it tj kt
Y' x + 3y = 60
Now, b1 × b2 = 1 −1 1 (10,0)
2 1 2 x + y = 10

= –3 it + 0 tj + 3 kt

≠ 0 Corner Point Corresponding value of

∴ Lines are intersecting lines or skew lines. Z = 3x + 9y
A(0, 10) 90
a2 – a1 = (2 it – tj – kt ) – ( it + 2 tj + kt )
B(5, 5) 60 → Minimum

}
= it – 3 tj – 2 kt C(15, 15) 180 → Maximum
Now, ( a2 – a1 ) · ( b1 × b2 ) D(0, 20) 180 (Multiple optimal
solutions)
= ( it – 3 tj – 2 kt ) · (–3 it + 0 tj + 3 kt )
We now find the minimum and maximum value of Z.
= –3 + 0 – 6
From the table, we find that
= –9
the minimum value of Z is 60 at the point B (5, 5) of
≠ 0 the feasible region.
∴ Lines are skew line. The maximum value of Z on the feasible region occurs
Shortest distance between two lines, at the two corner points
C (15, 15) and D (0, 20) and it is 180 in each case.
_a2 − a1 i · _b1 # b2 i
= Note : Observe that in the above example, the problem
b1 # b2 has multiple optimal solutions at the corner points C
−9 and D, i.e. the both points produce same maximum
=
9+0+9 value 180. In such cases, you can see that every point
on the line segment CD joining the two corner points
9
= C and D also give the same maximum value. Same is
18
also true in the case if the two points produce same
9
= minimum value.
3 2
3 21.
= yuf{
2 «« Let A be the event that the machine produces 2
20. acceptable items.
First of all, let us graph the feasible region of the Also let B1 represent the event of correct set up and B
««
system of linear inequalities (2) to (5). represent the event of incorrect setup.
Now, P(B1) = 0.8,
The feasible region ABCD is shown in the Fig 12.4.
Note that the region is bounded. P(B2) = 0.2

The coordinates of the corner points A, B, C and D are P(A | B1) = 0.9 × 0.9 and
(0, 10), (5, 5), (15,15) and (0, 20) respectively. P(A | B2) = 0.4 × 0.4
 Therefore, 23.
P (B1) P (A | B1) RS V
SS2 − 3 5 WWW
P(B1 | A) =
P (B1) P (A | B1) + P (B 2) P (A | B 2) «« A = SSS3 2 − 4WWW
SS1 1 − 2WW
0.8 # 0.9 # 0.9 T X
=
0.8 # 0.9 # 0.9 + 0.2 # 0.4 # 0.4 2 −3 5
|A| = 3 2 − 4
648 1 1 −2
=
680 = 2(– 4 + 4) + 3(– 6 + 4) + 5(3 – 2)
= 0.95 = 0 + 3(– 2) + 5(1)
= – 6 + 5
= – 1 ≠ 0
SECTION C
\ A–1 exists.
For finding adj A,
22. 2 −4
RS V Co-factor of element 2 A11 = (–1)2
SS 2 − 1 1 WW 1 −2
WW = 1(– 4 + 4)
«« Here, B’ = SS− 2 3 − 2W
SS W
S− 4 4 − 3WW =0
T X
3 −4
1 Co-factor of element –3 A12 = (–1)3
Suppose, P = (B + Bl ) 1 −2
2
RS V = (–1)(–6 + 4)
RS V SS 2 −23 −23 WWW
SS 4 − 3 − 3WWW SS −3 WW =2
1 S−
= S 3 6 2 WW = SS 2 3 1 WW 3 2
2 SS W SS −3 WW Co-factor of element 5 A13 = (–1)4
S− 3 2 − 6WW S 1 − 3 WW 1 1
T X S 2
T X = 1(3 – 2)
RS V
SS 2 −23 −23 WWW =1
SS −3 WW
Now, P’ = SS 2 3 1 WW = P −3 5
SS −3 W Co-factor of element 3 A21 = (–1)3
SS 2 1 − 3WWW 1 −2
T X = (–1)(6 – 5)
1 + =–1
Thus, P = (B B ) is symmetric matrix.
l
2
2 5
Also, Let, Co-factor of element 2  A22 = (–1)4
1 −2
RS −1 −5 VW
RS V
− 1 − 5WW SS0 2 2 WW = 1(– 4 – 5)
SS0 WW S1 W
1 1 =–9
Q = (B − Bl ) = S1 0 6 W = SSS 2 0 3 WWW
2 2 SSS WW SS 5 W
S5 −6 0 W 2 −3
T X S 2 − 3 0 WW Co-factor of element –4 A23 = (–1)5
T X 1 1
RS V
SS 0 12 52 WWW = (–1)(2 + 3)
SS −1 WW =–5
Then, Q’ = SS 2 0 − 3WW = – Q.
SS −5 W −3 5
SS 2 3 0 WWW Co-factor of element 1  A31  = (–1)4
T X 2 −4
1 = 1(12 – 10)
Thus, Q = (B − Bl ) is skew symmetric matrix.
2 =2
RS V R V 2 5
SS 2 −23 −23 WWW SSS0 −1 −5 WWW Co-factor of element 1 A32 = (–1)5
SS −3 W S 2 2
W 3 −4

Now, P+Q = SS 2 3 1 WWW + SSS 12 0 3 WWW
SS −3 W S5 W = (–1)(– 8 – 15)
SS 2 1 − 3WWW SS 2 − 3 0 WW = 23
T X T X
2 −3
RS V Co-factor of element –2 A33 = (–1)6
SS 2 − 2 − 4WW 3 2
WW
= SS− 1 3 4W =B = 1(4 + 9)
SS W
S 1 −2 − 3WW = 13
T X
  cos a ≠ ± 1
∴ cos2 a ≠ 1
RS V dx sina 1 – sin2a ≠ 1
SS0 − 1 2 WW =
∴
WW dy 2 – sin2a ≠ 0
∴ adj A = SS2 − 9 23W cos (a + y) ∴
SS W ∴ sin2a ≠ 0
S1 − 5 13 WW
T X dy cos 2 ^a + y h ∴ sin a ≠ 0
1 ∴ =
–1
A = adj A dx sin a
|A |
RS V «« Method 2 :
SS0 − 1 2 WWW
1 SS2 − 9 23WW cosy = xcos(a + y)
= −
( 1) SS W
S1 − 5 13 WW Now, Differentiate w.r.t. x,
RS T V X
SS 0 1 − 2 WWW dy dy
∴ A–1 = SS− 2 9 − 23WW – siny . = x . (– sin(a + y)) + cos(a + y)
SS W dx dx
S− 1 5 − 13WW
T X dy dy
Now, 2x – 3y + 5z = 11
\ xsin(a + y) – siny = cos(a + y)
3x + 2y – 4z = – 5 dx dx
x + y – 2z = – 3 dy
\ (xsin(a + y) – siny) = cos(a + y)
The equation can be represented as matrix form, dx
««
RS V R V RS VW dy cos (a + y)
SS2 − 3 5 WWW SSS xWWW SS11 WW \ = .......... (1)
S
\ S3 2 − 4W S yW = SS− 5WW W S W dx xsin (a + y) − siny
SS W S W SS WW
S1 1 − 2WW S z W −3
T X T X T X cosy
\ AX = B Put, x = in equation (1),
RS V R V RS VW cos (a + y)
SS2 − 3 5 WWW SSS xWWW S11 W
Where, A = SS3 2 − 4WW , X = SS yWW , B = SSS− 5WWW dy cos (a + y)
SS W SS WW SS WW =
S1 1 − 2WW z −3 dx cosy
T X T X T X sin (a + y) − siny
\ X = A–1B cos (a + y)
R V RS V R V 2
SS 0 1 − 2 WWW SSS11 WWW dy cos (a + y)
SSS xWWW =
\ SS yWW = SS− 2 9 − 23WW SS− 5WW dx cosy sin (a + y) − siny . cos (a + y)
.
SS WW SS W S W
z S− 1 5 − 13WW S− 3W  cos a ≠ ± 1
T X T X T X cos 2 (a + y)
SRS 0 − 5 + 6 WVW = ∴ cos2 a ≠ 1
S W sin (a + y − y) ∴ 1 – sin2a ≠ 1
= SS− 22 − 45 + 69WW
SS W ∴ – sin2a ≠ 0
S− 11 − 25 + 39WW
T X dy cos 2 ^a + y h ∴ sin2a ≠ 0
R V R V
∴ =
SSS xWWW SSS1 WWW dx sin a ∴ sin a ≠ 0
\ SS yWW = SS2WW
S W S W
S zW S3W 25.
T X T X
Solution : x = 1, y = 2, z = 3 4 sin x − 2x − x cos x
«« f (x) =
2 + cos x
24.
Method 1 : 4 sin x − x ^2 + cos xh
«« =
2 + cos x
cosy = xcos(a + y)
4 sin x
cos y f (x) = –x
∴x= 2 + cos x
cos (a + y)
^2 + cos xh]4 cos xg − 4 ]sin xg^− sin xh
f  ‘(x) = –1
^2 + cos xh2
Now, Differentiate w.r.t. y,
cos (a + y) . (− siny) − cosy (− sin (a + y))

dx
= 8 cos x + 4 cos 2 x + 4 sin 2 x − ^2 + cos xh2
dy [cos (a + y)] 2 =
^2 + cos xh2
− cos (a + y) . siny + cosy . sin (a + y)
∴
dx
= 8 cos x + 4 ^cos 2 x + sin 2 x h − ^4 + 4 cos x + cos 2 x h
dy =
cos 2 (a + y) ^2 + cos xh2

sin ^a + y − y h 8 cos x + 4 − 4 − 4 cos x − cos 2 x

= =
cos 2 (a + y) ^2 + cos xh2
 4 cos x − cos 2 x «« Method-2 :
f  ‘(x) =  4 – cos x > 0
^2 + cos xh2 1
⇒ (2 + cos x)2 > 0 I = # f log (log x) + ^ p dx
log x h
2
cos x ]4 − cos xg
]2 + cos xg2
f  ‘(x) =
Take, log x = t
∴ x = et
(a) f is strictly increasing
∴ dx = et dt
«« f  ‘(x) > 0
∴ cos x > 0 = # d log t + 12 n et dt
t
∴ x lies in 1st and 4th quadrant
1 1 1
# et d log t + t − t + 2 n dt
x lies in 1st quadrant then, x ∈ b 2kπ, ]4k + 1 g l
π =
t
2
x lies in 4st quadrant then, x ∈ b]4k + 3 g , ]2k + 2 g π l
π = # et )blog t − 1t l + d 1t + t12 n3 dt
2
Note : If x ∈ (0, 2π) then, x ∈ c 0, m OR # e x ^ f] xg + f '] xgh dx p
π
= et b log t − t l + c f
2 1 a

& e f] xg + c
x
x ∈ c , 2π m , f is strictly increasing function.
3π
2
= x d log ^log x h − n +c
1
(b) f is strictly decreasing.
log x
«« f  ‘(x) < 0 x
= x log (log x) – +c
∴ cos x < 0 log x
∴ x lies in 2nd and 3rd quadrant, 27.
x ∈ b]4k + 1 g , ]4k + 3 g l
π π dy
+ y cot x = 4x cosec x ... (1)
2 2 «« dx
If x ∈ (0, 2π) then, x ∈ c , m
π 3π Compare equation (1) with differential equation (1),
Note :
2 2
f is decreasing function. P(x) = cot x
Q(x) = 4x cosec x
26.
# P] xg dx
Method-1 : → Integrating factor I.F. = e
«« # cot x dx
= e
1
# =log (log x) + Gdx
^log xh2
I = log sin x
= e
= sin x
1
= # log (log x) dx + # dx → Multiplying equation (1) by sin x,
^log xh2 dy
In the first integral, let us take 1 as the second function. ∴ sin x + y cot x sin x = 4x cosec x sin x
dx
Then integrating it by parts, we get d
∴ (y sin x) = 4x
dx
1 dx
I = x log (log x) – # x dx + # # 4x dx
x log x ^log xh2 ∴ y sin x =

dx + dx ∴ y sin x = 2x2 + c ... (1)

= x log (log x) – # #  ..... (1)
log x ^log xh2 → y = 0 when, x =
π
,
dx 2
Again, consider #
log x
, take 1 as the second 2

function and integrate it by parts, we have ∴ 0 = 2 <π F + c

4
2
π
# logdx x = > logx x − # x $ * (log− 1x) 2 b 1x l4dxH . ..... (2) ∴ c=–
2
Putting (2) in (1), we get → Put the value of c in equation (1),

x − dx + dx π2
I = x log (log x) – # # ∴ y sin x = 2x2 – , where, sin x ≠ 0
log x ^log xh2 (log x) 2 2
x Which is required particular solution of given
= x log (log x) – +c
log x differential equation.