MUSIC

IMPRESSIONISM
- French movement in the late 19th and early 20th centuries
- TIMBRE is known as the tone color or tone quality

COMPOSERS
Claude Debussy
-Father of the modern school of composition
-Made his impact in the styles of the late 20th century composer like Igorstravinsky
WORKS
1. String quartet
2. La Mer – highly imaginative and atmospheric musical work for orchestra about
the sea
3. Premier Arabesque
4. Claire de lune – the third and most famous movement of Suite bergamasque

Maurice Ravel
- born in Ciboure France to a basque mother and a swiss father
-His works are defined with intricate and sometimes a modal melodies and
extended chordal components
WORKS
1. Pavane for a dead princess
2. String Quartet
3. Sonatine for a piano
4 Rhapsodie Espagnote
5 Bolero

EXPRESSIONISM
-The term Expressionism was originally used in visual and literacy arts and was
probably first applied to music in 1918
FEATURES
-High degree of dissonance (quality of sound that seems unstable)
- Extreme constrast of dynamics (from pianissimo to fortissimo (very soft to very
loud) )
-constant changing of textures
-distorted melodies and harmonies
-angular melodies with wide leaps

COMPOSERS
Arnold Schoenberge
-He taught himself music theory but took lessons in counterpoint, his works were
greatly influenced but the German composer
-his style in music reformed from time to time
-experienced Triskaidekaphobia (fear of number 13)
WORKS
1 Verklarte Nacht
2 Three pieces for piano op 11
3 Pierrot Lunaire
4 Violin concerto
5 Skandalkonzert – a concert of the Wiener Konzertverein

Igor Stravinsky
-he believes “because there is little sense of goal directed motion music does not
seem to move from one place to another”
- early music reflected the influence of his teachers the Russian composer Nikolai
Rimsky-Korsakov
-wrote approximately 127 works
WORKS
1. Ballet Petrouchka
2. The Nightingale
3. Three tales for children
4. Pulcinella
5. Duo Concertant
6 The Rake’s Progress
20TH CENTURY MUSICAL STYLE
` ELECTRONIC MUSIC
-Ability of electronic machine such as synthesizers, amplifiers, tape recorders, and
loudspeakers to produce different sound s was popularized by 20th century
notable composers
-Music concrete/Concrete music – is a music that uses the tape recorder

COMPOSERS
Edgard Varese
- Innovative French-born composer
- father of electronic music
- he dubbed as the “Stratospheric Colossus of Sound”

Karlheinz Stockhausen
- A central figure in the realm of electronic music
-Was initially met with resistance due to oits heavily atonal content with
practically no clear melodic or rhythmic sense
WORKS
-Gruppen
-Kontakte
-Hymnen
-Licht

CHANCE MUSIC
-Also known as Aleatoric music, it refers to a style in which the piece always
sounds differently at every performance because of the random techniques of
production

JHON CAGE
-Known as one of the 20th century composer with the broadest array of sounds in
his works
-He challenged the very idea of music by manipulating musical instruments to
attain new sounds and became chance music

WORK
The four minutes and 33 seconds – a chance musical work that instructed the
pianist to merely open the piano lid and remain silent for the length of time

ARTS
1 LINE – Basic means for recording and symbolizing ideas, it is primary means of
visual communication
2 SHAPE – Refers to the expanse within the outline of two dimensional area or
within the outer boundaries of a three dimensional object
Geometric – common shapes in the human- made world
3 SPACE – Indefinable, general receptacle of all things
4 VALUE – Refers to the lightness and darkness of surfaces
5 COLOR – component of light, affects us directly modifying our thoughts moods,
actions and even our health.
-INTENSITY also called saturation, refers to the purity of a hue or color
6 TEXTURE – Textile qualities of surfaces or to the visual representation of those
qualities
7 PERSPECTIVE – POINT OF VIEW
Vanishing point – meeting of lines in the horizon

1 Unity and variety – refers to the appearance or condition of the oneness of an

artwork
2. Balance – is the condition in which acting influences are held in check by
opposing forces or what is on the left side should appear on the right side also in
order to achieve equilibrium
3. Emphasis and subordination – draw our attention to an areas
4 Contrast –The juxtaposition of strongly dissimilar elements
5 Repetition and rhythm – repetition of visual elements gives a composition of
unity and emphasis
6 Scale and proportion- Scale is the relation of one thing to another
Proportion is the size relationship of parts to a whole

IMPRESSIONISM
-Impressionist artist moved away from the established practices and discovered
new ways
-They used pure unmixed colors side by side using short broken strokes for more
visual effects on the subject
-They started on something new like capturing scenes of life like household
objects, seascapes,houses and ordinary people

CLAUDE MONET
-Known for his landscapes painting, depicting his flower gardens and water lily
ponds
*Irises in Monet’s Garden
*Bridge over a pond of water lilies

AUGUSTE RENOIR
-Works were snapshots of real life painting of actual people and figures
*Mile Irene Cahen d’ Anvers
*Luncheon of the boating party

Eduard Manet
-Works depict modern life subjects
*The bar at the folies – Bergere
*Argenteuil

EXPRESSIONISIM
-They created works with more emotional force and not on realistic or natural
images
*Their works are not actually what they see in the physical world but depend on
their imaginations
Neoprimitivism
-Art style of combined elements from the native arts of south sea islanders and
the wood carvings of African tribes
Amadeo modigliani
*Yellow sweater
*Head
Fauvism – The style of les fauves a group of early 20th century modern artist
whose works emphasized with strong colors and visual distortions
Henri Matisse
*Blue Window
*Woman with hat
Dadaisim – a style characterized by imagination remembered images and visual
tricks and suprises
Giorgio de Chirico
*Melancholy
Marc Chagall
*I and The Village
Surrealism – came from the term ‘super-realism’ a style that depicts an illogical
subconscious dream world
Social realism – is an art movement that expresses the artist’s role in social
perform

Abstractionisim
20th century, the abstractionist movement existed from various intellect points of
view

A. Cubism
- Three dimentsional geometric figure composed of lines, planes and
angles
- Pablo Picasso – Spanish painter /sculptor is foremost among the
cubists
 THREE MUSICIANS
 GIRL BEFORE A MIRROR

FUTURISM
-an art of fast- paced machine propelled age
‘Armored Train’ by Gino Severini

MECHANICAL STYLE
-Basic forms such as planes, cones, spheres. And cylinders all fit together in a
precise and neat manner
*Discs in the city’ – Fernand Leger

NON-OBJECTIVISM
-not make use of figures or even representation of figures

OPTICAL ART (OP ART) gives visual experience a form of action painting taking
place in the viewer’s eyes

Popular art (pop art) a movement made of the use of commonplace, trivial even
nonsensical object that pop artists seems to enjoy and laugh at.

Contemporary art forms

Installation art – use of sculptural materials
Performance art- form of modern art in which the actions of an individual or a
group of a particular place and a t a particular time constitute the work.

FILIPINO MODERN ARTISTS AND THEIR WORKS

JOSE JOYA – Abstract artist and a national artist of the Philippines awardee
VICENTE MANANSALA – Filipino cubist painter and illustrator
* HIS MADONNA OF THE SLUMS – mother and a child from the countryside who
became urban shanty residents once in the city
*JEEPNEYS
MAURO MALANG SANTOS – Cartoonist, Illustrator and fine arts painter
HERNANDO OCAMPO – National artist in the visual arts
ROBERT RODRIGUES CHABET – FATHER OF PHILIPPINE CONCEPTUAL ART
IBARRA DELA ROSA – Modern and contemporary painter

MEDIUM OF ARTS
Medium – any materials or tool used by an artist in translating his or her thoughts
and emotions into an artwork

1 DRY MEDIA – pencil pastel and charcoal

2 WET MEDIA – coloring materials in liquid form like paints and inks
3 MIXED MEDIA – A combination of two or more wet and dry media in a single
artwork

ART TECHNIQUES
1 SPLATTERING – fling the paint onto the painting surface with the flick of a brush
2 COLORING - put colors together
3 IMPASTO PAINTING – Lay enough thick-layered paint in an area of the surface to
make the brush or painting knife strokes visible.
4 ENCAUSTING APINTING – Also known as hot wax painting, heat beeswax and
add color pigments to produce liquid or paste.
5 MURAL PAINTING – colored dyes through a tube onto the canvas or wall
6 OIL PAINTING – Paint with pigments bound with a medium of drying oil
especially linseed
7 PHOTOGRAPHY – This is an exact resemblance of a design or a performance
through a camera
8 PRINTING - Method of duplicating a single design into multiple ones

FOUR MAJOR PROCESSES OF PRINTMAKING

1 RELIEF PRINTING – Cutting away of the unneeded portion in design and print
what is left on the original surface
2 INTAGLIC PRINTING – Opposite of relief printing, print what is below the surface
3 PLANOGRAPHIC – PROCESS or LITHOGRAPHY – Draw a design using a greasy
color
4 SCREEN PRINTING (Silkscreen) or Stencil printing – pass ink or any printing
medium through stencil

PE
YOGA
-Activity originated in india
-Derived from the word Yuj
-Improves respiration energy and vitality

PRECAUTIONARY MEASURES OR ETIQUETTE IN PERFORMING A YOGA?

1 Have a beginner’s mindset
2 Listen to your body
3 Do your pose, do not copy your neighbor
4 Look for your good edge
5 Choose the right teacher and approach

BENEFITS OF YOGA
-attainment of perfect balance and harmony
-Self-healing
-Removal of negative blocks from the mind and toxins from the body
-Augmentation of personal power
TYPES OF YOGA
HATHA – Improve flexibility and balance
VINYASA – attain good strength, flexibility and balance
Iyengar – reinforce the muscles and supports the join
Bikram – form flexibility
Kundalini – calm the mind and energize the body
Ashtanga – develop strength and endurance

STRENGTH TRAINING
-Specializes in the inducement of muscular contraction through the use of free
weights
REPETITION
A rep is one full movement from the starting point to finish
SET
Group of repetitions
The most basic training design is to have anywhere between 6 and 15 reps in a set

PUSH- UP – The body is lowered until the chest is approximately one fist off the
ground then push off the ground to return to its original position
Superman – prone lying position followed by lifting both arms and legs
SCRUNCH – strengthening exercise helps bun fat to the stomach area
SIDE SCRUNCH - help the body burning fat to the side or waist
SQUATS - improve muscles in the butt area
HEALTH

COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE – Availed and integrated together with traditional

medicine
ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE- Offered in place of traditional medicine

4 MAJOR DOMAINS OF COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE

BIOLOGICALLY BASED PRACTICE -- Are taking herbal medicine and special diet,
vitamins
ENERGY MEDICINE -Uses magnetic field or biofields in belief that may enter
various points in body
MANIPULATIVE AND BODY-BASED PRACTICES – Are body kinesthetic in nature and
with movement therapy
MIND-BODY-MEDICINE – Uses mental exercise in belief that brain central to health
of individual

REPUBLIC ACT NO 8423 – Traditional and Alternative act of 1997 provision the
creation of Philippine Institute of traditional and alternative healthcare (PITAHC)
CONSUMER ACT OF THE PHILIPPINES RA 7394 – Protects the interest of
consumers and promotes their general welfare
CHEAPER MEDICINE ACT RA 9502 – Intended to achieve universally accessible and
cheaper and quality medicine
NATUROPATHIC MEDICINE – View diseases as manifestation of alteration in
processes by body naturally heal itself
NATUROPATHY – Offers a wide range of natural practices INLUDING
1 HERBAL MEDICINE –
Yerba Buena – relief from body aches and pain
Tsaang Gubat- for mouthwash
Sambong – urinaru stone
Bayabas – disinfecting wounds/mouthwash/toothdecay/gum infection
Lagundi – Cough and Asthma
Niyog-Niyogan – Intestinal worms (ascaris and trichina)
AKAPULCO – Ringworm and other infection
Ampalayya – non-insulin dependents, diabetic
Bawang-blood pressure control
Pansit-pansitan for arthritis and gout

EX; ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE

ACUPUNCTURE – Form of energy medicine were long thin needles are inserted to
body
ACUPRESSURE -same to acupuncture but it did not use needles but hands to apply
pressure
REFLEXOLOGY – treating specific disorders through massaging the palms of the
hand and soles of the feet
NUTRITION - providing a tailored diet for the patient
VENTOSA CUPPING MASSAGE – placing inverted glass with flames from burning
cotton on specific points In the body

BUREAU OF FOOD AND DRUGS

-ensures safe and good quality processed food drug and cosmetics
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH
Provides national policy direction and develops national plans and technical
standards and guidelines in health
DEPARTMENT OF TRADE AND INDUSTRY
1 SERVES AS THE PRIMARY COORDINATIVE PROMOTIVE FACILITATIVE AND REGULATORY ARM
OF THE GOVERNMENT FOR THE COUNTRY’S TRADE INDUSTRY AND INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES
HEALTH INFORMATION - Concept, step or advice that various sources give to aid
the health status of an individual
HEALTH PRODUCTS – are food drugs cosmetics
HEALTHCARE SERVICES – Furnishing of medicine, medical or surgical treatments

PEDIATRICIAN – Childen’s health

PSYCHIATRICIAN- diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders
OBSTETRICIAN – women during pregnancy and childbirth
OPTHALMOLOGIST – diagnosis and treatment of eye diseases and disorders
Anesthesiologist -anesthetics to assure proper operative procedures
DERMATOLOGIST – skin diseases
CARDIOLOGIST – heart and blood vessels
ALLERGIST – diagnosis and treating body reactions resulting from unusual
sensitivity to food
PULMONOLOGIST – lungs and respiratory tract
NEUROLOGIST – surgical treatment of disease of the nervous system
GASTROENTEROLOGIST – Gastrointestinal system
GERIATRICIAN – care of the elderly and the diseases that affect them
SURGEON – performing surgical operation
UROLOGIST – genitourinary tract
GYNECOLOGIST – female reproductive organ
Radiologist – analyzing images such as X-ray