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Essential_Git_Commands

This document provides a comprehensive list of over 50 essential Git commands, categorized into sections such as setup, repository management, status checking, staging, committing, branching, merging, and remote operations. Each command is accompanied by a brief description and examples for clarity. It serves as a practical reference for users looking to enhance their Git proficiency.

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4 views

Essential_Git_Commands

This document provides a comprehensive list of over 50 essential Git commands, categorized into sections such as setup, repository management, status checking, staging, committing, branching, merging, and remote operations. Each command is accompanied by a brief description and examples for clarity. It serves as a practical reference for users looking to enhance their Git proficiency.

Uploaded by

majid.bashir
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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50+ Essential Git Commands with Examples

1. Git Setup & Configuration

# 1. Set Username
Sets the global username for Git commits.

git config --global user.name "Your Name"

Example:

git config --global user.name "John Doe"

# 2. Set Email
Configures the email associated with Git commits.

git config --global user.email "[email protected]"

Example:

git config --global user.email "[email protected]"

# 3. Enable Colored Output


Enables color highlighting in Git output.

git config --global color.ui auto

# 4. Show Git Configuration


Displays the current global Git settings.

git config --list

2. Creating & Cloning Repositories

# 5. Initialize a New Repository


Creates a new Git repository in the current directory.

git init

Example:

git init my-project

# 6. Clone an Existing Repository


Downloads an existing repository from a remote source.

git clone <repo-url>


Example:

git clone https://github.com/example/repo.git

3. Checking Repository Status

# 7. Show Status of Changes


Displays uncommitted changes and staged files.

git status

# 8. View Commit History


Shows a detailed history of commits.

git log

# 9. View Condensed History


Displays commit history in a compact format.

git log --oneline --graph

4. Staging & Committing Changes

# 10. Stage a Specific File


Adds a file to the staging area before committing.

git add <file>

Example:

git add index.html

# 11. Stage All Changed Files


Stages all modified and new files for commit.

git add .

# 12. Commit Staged Changes


Saves the staged changes as a commit.

git commit -m "Commit message"

Example:

git commit -m "Added new feature"

# 13. Amend the Last Commit


Modifies the last commit message or adds new changes.
git commit --amend -m "New commit message"

# 14. Unstage a File


Removes a file from the staging area without deleting changes.

git reset <file>

Example:

git reset index.html

# 15. Discard All Changes


Resets the repository to the last committed state.

git reset --hard HEAD

5. Branching & Merging

# 16. List Branches


Displays all local branches in the repository.

git branch

# 17. Create a New Branch


Creates a new branch without switching to it.

git branch <branch-name>

Example:

git branch feature-branch

# 18. Switch to Another Branch


Changes the active branch.

git checkout <branch-name>

Example:

git checkout feature-branch

# 19. Create and Switch to a New Branch


Creates a new branch and immediately switches to it.

git checkout -b <branch-name>

Example:

git checkout -b new-feature


# 20. Merge Another Branch
Integrates changes from another branch into the current branch.

git merge <branch-name>

Example:

git merge feature-branch

# 21. Delete a Branch


Removes a local branch.

git branch -d <branch-name>

Example:

git branch -d old-feature

# 22. Force Delete a Branch


Deletes a branch even if it has unmerged changes.

git branch -D <branch-name>

6. Working with Remote Repositories

# 23. Show Remote URLs


Lists the remote repositories linked to the local repo.

git remote -v

# 24. Add a Remote Repository


Associates a remote repository with the local project.

git remote add origin <repo-url>

Example:

git remote add origin https://github.com/example/repo.git

# 25. Push a Branch to Remote Repository


Uploads local branch changes to a remote repository.

git push -u origin <branch-name>

Example:

git push -u origin main

# 26. Pull Changes from Remote Repository


Fetches and merges changes from a remote repository.
git pull origin <branch-name>

Example:

git pull origin main

# 27. Fetch Changes Without Merging


Retrieves changes from the remote repository without applying them.

git fetch origin

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