7.

10

Thegiven system of equations is

AATHENATIG
*+ 2y -3z =- 4
2x + 3y+ 22 = -2
3.r- 3y -4z = 1l 4
1 1 -3
2 , X = and B = 2
A= 2 3
Or, AX = B, where 11
3 -3 -4

invertible. The inverse of A is given by fh

As discussed above A is non-singular and so
given by
The solution of the given system of equations is
X = A-1B
24 + 34 + 143 3
f -6 17 13 1 -4 | 1
2 -56 +10 - 88 -2
14 5 -8
67 67 60 + 18 -11 1
-15 9 -1 11

X=3, y=-2andz= 1 is the required solution.

SIMULTANEOUS LINEAR EQUATIONS
Iype IV ON APPLICATIONS OF
EMPLE 9 The sum of three numbers is6. If we multiply the third number by 2 and add thy h
numbers to three times the first
iumber to the result, we get 7. By adding second and third
12. Using matrices find the numbers. (CBSE 219
SOLUTION Let the three numbers bex, yand zrespectively. Then,
X+ y +Z = 6 [Gire
Also, X+ 2z =7
and, 3z +y + Z = 12
Thus, we obtain the following system of simultaneous linear equations:
X+y+Z = 6
x+ 0y + 2z = 7
3x + y +z= 12
forn as
The above system of equations can be written in matrix
1 11
*N 6
|1 0 2y=7
|3 1 1 |12|
1 1 1| f6
Or, AX = B, where A=1 0 2,X = and B = 7
31 1 N. |12
|1 1 1
Now, |A| =1 0 2 = 1(0 -2) -(1 -6) + 1(1 - 0) =-2+5+1 = 4 0
|3 1 1|
So, the above system of equations has a unique solu tion given by X=A B.
Let C; be the cofactor of a, in A=l4;]. Then, =-]
CË-2,Cn =5, Cig =1, Cz1 =0,Cg =-2, C3 =2, C31 =2, C32 =-l andC3
11' -25 -2 -!
-2 5 2 21
.. adj A = 0 -2 2 -
5 -2 -1 and, A = adj A = 2 -1
2 -1 -1| 1 2 -1

Now, X = A-'B
 MATHEMATICS-X
7.16

BASED ON LOTS
1 -1 0 2 2 4
2 3 4 and B= 4 2 -4 aretwo square matrices, findlAB:
0 12 2 -1 5 and hence
solve the system of linear equations:
X-y = 3, 2x+ 3y +4z =17,y+2z =7
2 -3 5 [CBSE 2010, 20121
vo If A = 3 2 -4 find Aand hence solve the system of linear equations:
1 1 -2
2x-3y +5z =11, 3x + 2y - 4z =-5, x+y-2z=-3 [CBSE 2007, 2009, 2012,
1 2 5 2018, 2020
7. Find A, if A = 1 -1 -1 Hence, solve the following system of linear
2 3 -1 equations:
X+ 2y +5z = 10, x-y-z = -2, 2x + 3y -z = -11 [CBSE 2010, 2012
T1 -2 0
8. (i) If A =| 2 1 3 .find A-, Using A,solve the system of linear equations:
0 -2 1

X-2y = 10, 2x +y+ 3z = 8, -2y +z =7

3 -4 2
(ii) A=2 35 find A and hence solve the following system of equations:
1 0 1
3x4y + 2z =-1, 2x+ 3y +5z =7, x+z=2 [CBSE 2011])
1 -2 0 7 2 -61
(ii) A=|2 13 and B =-2 1 -3, find AB. Hence, solve the system of equations:
0-2 1 -4 2 5
x-2y =10, 2x + y + 3z =8 and -2y +z =7 [CBSE 2011]
1 2 0|
(iv) IfA=-2 -1 -2, find A. UsingA,solvethe system of linearequations
0 -1 1
[NCERI EXEMPLARI
x-2y =10, 2x-y-z =8, -2y +z=7
2 2 -4 |1 -1 01
(v) Given A=-4 2 -4, B=2 3 4|,find BAand use this to solve the system of
2 -1 5 0 1 2
equations y+ 2z =7, x-y=3, 2x + 3y + 42 =17 [NCERTEXEMPLAR
2 3 11
vi) If A= 1 2 2,find A- and hernce solve the system of equations
-3 1 -1
[CBSE2017]
2x +y-3z =13, 3x +2y+z =4, x+ 2y -z =8.
1 -1 21-2 0 1 equations
Use the product 0 2 -3 9 2 -3| to solve the system
3 -2 4| 6 1 -2|
[CBSE2017
X+3z =-9,-* +2y-22 =4,2x -3s+ 4z =-3.
SOLUTION OF SIMULTANEOUS LINEAR EQUATIONS 7.17
3 21
then findAand use it to solve the
|5 -7 following system of the equations:
3x+5y =11, 2x-7y =-3. [CBSE 2023]
-3 -2 -4| 1 2 0
ix) IfA = 2 1 2 B=-2 -1 -2, then find AB and use it to solve the following
2 1 3 0 -1 1
system of equations: x-2y =3, 2x-y-z=2, -2y +z= 3. [CBSE 2023]
9. The sum of three numbers is 2. If twice the second number is added tothe sum of first and
third,the sum is 1. By adding second and third number to five times the first number, we
get6. Find the three numbers by using matrices.
10 An amount of ? 10,000 is put into three investments at the rate of 10, 12 and 15% per annum.
The combined income is 1310 and the combined income offirstand second investment is
190short of the income from the third. Find the investment in each using matrix method.
11. A company produces three products every day. Their production on a certain day is 45
tons. It is found that the production of third product exceeds the production of first product
by 8 tons while the total production of first and third product is twice the production of
second product. Determine the production level of each product using matrix method.
12. The prices of three commodities P,Q and R are x, y and z per unit respectively. A
purchases 4 units of R and sells 3 units of P and 5 units of Q. Bpurchases 3 units of O and
sells 2 units of P and 1 unit of R. C purchases 1 unit of P and sells 4 units ofQ and 6 units of
R. In the process A, Band C earn?6000,? 5000 and 13000 respectively. If selling the units
is positive earning arnd buying the units is negative earnings, find the price per unit of three
commodities by using matrix method.
its members
13. The management committee of a residential colony decided to award some of
(say x) for honesty, some (say y) for helping others (say z) for supervising the workers to
of
keep the colony neat and clean. The sum of all the awardees is 12. Three times the sum
awardees for cooperation and supervision added to two times the number of awardees for
honesty is 33. Ifthe sum of the numberof awardees for honesty and supervision is twice the
number of awardees for helping others, using matrix method, find the number of awardees
of each category. Apart from these values, namely, honesty,cooperation and supervision,
suggest one more value which the management must include for awards. [CBSE 2013]
14. Aschool wants to award its students for the values of Honesty, Regularity and Hardwork
with a total cash award of 6000. Three times the award money for Hardwork added to that
given for honesty amounts to 11000. The award money given for Honesty arnd Hardwork
together isdouble the one given for Regularity. Represent the above situation algebraically
and find the award for each value, using matrix method. Apart from these values, namely,
Honesty, Regularity and Hardwork, suggest one more value which the school must
include for awards. [CBSE 2013|
15. Two institutions decided to award their employees for the three values of resourcefulness,
competence and determination in the form of prizes at the rate of? x, y and z respectively
per person. The first institution decided to award respectively 4, 3 and 2employees with a
award respectively 5, 3
total prize money of ? 37000 and the second institution decided to
and 4 employees with a total prize money of 47000. If all the three prizes per person
value of x, y and z. What
together amount to? 12000, then using matrix method find the [CBSE 2013]
values are described in this equations?