Dr.

Arunava Maity
8918202810
Fundamentals of Mathematics-II

 Marked questions are recommended for Revision.

PART - I : SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

Section (A) : Modulus Function & Equation

A-1. Write the following expression in appropriate intervals so that they are bereft of modulus sign
(i) |x2 – 7x + 10| (ii) |x3 – x| (iii) |2x – 2|
(iv) |x2 – 6x + 10| (v) |x – 1| + |x2 – 3x + 2| (vi) x2  6x  9
(vii) 2(x–1) + |x + 2| – 3|x+1|

A-2. Draw the labled graph of following

(i) y = |7 – 2x| (ii) y = |x – 1| – |3x – 2|
(iii) y = |x – 1| + |x – 4| + |x – 7| (iv) y = |4x + 5| (v) y = |2x – 3|

A-3. Solve the following equations

(i) |x| + 2 |x – 6| = 12 (ii) ||x + 3| – 5| = 2
(iii) |||x – 2| – 2 | – 2| = 2 (iv) |4x + 3| + |3x – 4| = 12

A-4. Solve the following equations :

(i) x2 – 7|x| – 8 = 0 (ii) |x2 – x + 1| = |x2 – x – 1|
(iii) |x3 – 6x2 + 11x – 6| = 6 (iv) |x2 – 2x| + x = 6
(v) |x2 – x – 6| = x + 2.

A-5. Find the number of real roots of the equation

2
(i) x 3 x +2=0 (ii) ||x – 1|– 5| = 2 (iii) |2x2 + x – 1| = |x2 + 4x + 1|

A-6. Find the sum of solutions of the following equations :

(i) x2 – 5|x| – 4 = 0
(ii) (x – 3)2 + |x – 3| – 11 = 0 (iii) |x|3 – 15x2 – 8|x| – 11 = 0
(iv) ||x – 3| – 4| = 1 (v) 2|x| + 3|x| + 4|x| = 9

A-7. Find number of solutions of the following equations

(i) |x – 1| + |x – 2| + |x – 3| = 9 (ii) |x – 1| + |x – 2| + |x – 3| + |x – 4| = 4
(iii) |x| + |x + 2| + |x – 2| = p, p  R

A-8. Find the minimum value of f(x) = |x – 1| + |x – 2| + |x – 3|

A-9 If x2 – |x – 3| – 3 = 0, then |x| can be

A-10. If |x3 – 6x2 + 11x – 6| is a prime number then find the number of possible integral values of x.

Section (B) : Modulus Inequalities

B-1. Solve the following inequalities :
(i) |x – 3|  2 (ii) | |x – 2| – 3| 0 (iii) ||3x – 9| + 2 | > 2
(iv) |2x – 3| – |x|  3 (v) |x – 1| + |x + 2| 3 (vi) ||x – 1| – 1|  1

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Fundamentals of Mathematics-II
B-2. Solve the following inequalities :
3 3x | x  3 | x
(i) 1 >2 (ii) 1 (iii) >1
x x 4
2 x2
(iv) |x2 + 3x| + x2 –20 (v) |x + 3| > |2x – 1|

B-3. Solve the following inequalities

| x  2 | x
(i) |x3 – 1|  1 – x (ii) x2 – 4x  4 1 (iii) <2
x
| x2|
(iv) >0 (v) |x – 2| > |2x – 3| (vi) |x + 2| + |x – 3| < |2x + 1|
x2

B-4. Solve the following equations

(i) |x3 + x2 + x + 1| = |x3 + 1| + |x2 + x|
(ii) |x2 – 4x + 3| + |x2 – 6x + 8| = |2x – 5|
(iii) |x2 + x + 2| – |x2 – x + 1| = |2x + 1|
(iv) |x2 – 2x – 8| + |x2 + x – 2| = 3 | x + 2|
(v) | 2x – 3 | + | x + 5 |  | x – 8 |

B-5. Find the solution set of the inequalities |x2 + x – 2|  0 and |x2 – x + 2|  0

Section (C) : Miscellaneous Modulus Equations & Inequations

C-1. Write the following expression in appropriate intervals so that they are bereft of modulus sign
2
 4x 5
(i) |log10x| + |2x–1 – 1| (ii) |(log2x)2 – 3(log2x) + 2| (iii) | 5x  25 |

C-2. Solve the equations log100 l x + y l = 1/2 , log10y – log10|x| = log1004 for x and y.

C-3. Solve the inequality

(i) (log2x)2 – |(log2x) – 2|  0
(ii) 2 | log3x | + log3x  3
x
(iii). Find the complete solution set of 2x  2  2 2

3 x2  10 x  3
C-4. Find the number of real solution(s) of the equation x  3 =1

C-5. If x, y are integral solutions of 2x2 – 3xy – 2y2 = 7, then find the value of |x + y|

C-6. If x, |x + 1|, |x – 1| are three terms of an A.P., then find the number of possible values of x

Section (D) : Irrational Inequations

D-1. Solve the following inequalities :
2x  1
(i) <1 (ii) x– 1 |x| < 0 (iii) x2  x  6 < 2x – 3
x2
x
(iv) x2  6x  8  x 1 (v) x2  7x  10 + 9 log4    2x + 14x  20  2x2 – 13
8
1
(vi) x–3< x2  4x  5 (vii) x2  5x  24  x  2 (viii) 4  x2 
x

x7
(ix)  3x
x 1
D-2. Solve the equation a(2x – 2)  1 = 1 – 2x for every value of the parameter a.

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Dr.Arunava Maity
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Fundamentals of Mathematics-II

Section (E) : Transformation of curves

E-1. Draw the graph of followings —

(i) y = – |x + 2| (ii) y = | | x – 1 | – 2|
(iii) y = |x + 2| + |x – 3| (iv) |y| + x = – 1

E-2. Draw the graphs of the following curves :

1 y
(i) y= – (ii) =–1 (iii) |y – 3| = |x – 1|
| 2x  1| | x | 1
| x 2 – 1|
(iv) y= nx
(x 2 – 1)

E-3. Draw the graph of y = log1/2 (1 – x).

E-4. Find the set of values of  for which the equation |x2 – 4|x| – 12| =  has 6 distinct real roots.

E-5. If y = f(x) has following graph

Then draw the graph of

(i) y = |f(x)| (ii) y = f(|x|) (iii) y = f(– |x|) (iv) y  | f ( |x| ) |

E-6. If y = f(x) is shown in figure given below, then plots the graph for
(A) y = f(|x + 2|) (B) |y – 2| = f(–3x).

E-7. Find the number of roots of equation

(i) 3|x|– |2 – |x|| = 1 (ii) x + 1 = x · 2x

E-8 Find values of k for which the equation |x2 – 1| + x = k has

(i) 4 solution (ii) 3 solutions (iii) 1 solution (iv) 2 solutions

 Marked questions are recommended for Revision.

* Marked Questions may have more than one correct option.
1. Number of integral values of 'x' satisfying the equation 3|x + 1| – 2.3x = 2.|3x – 1| + 1 are
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4

2. |x2 + 6x + p| = x2 + 6x + p  x  R where p is a prime number then least possible value p is

(A) 7 (B) 11 (C) 5 (D) 13

3. If (log10x)2 – 4|log10x| + 3 = 0, the product of roots of the equation is :

(A) 3 (B) 104 (C) 108 (D) 1

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Fundamentals of Mathematics-II
4. The equaiton ||x – 1| + a| = 4 can have real solutions for x if a belongs to the interval
(A) (–, 4] (B) (4, ) (C) (–4, ) (D) (–, –4) U(4, )

5. The number of values of x satisfying the equation | 2x + 3 | + | 2x – 3 | = 4x + 6, is

(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4

| x2  4 x |3
6. Number of prime numbers satisfying the inequality log3  0 is equal to
x2 | x  5 |
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4

7. If |x + 2| + y = 5 and x – |y| = 1 then the value of (x + y) is

(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4

8. The number of value of x satisfying the equation x  1A = (x  1)7 , where A = log3 x²  2 logx9
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 0 (D) 3

9. The number of integral value of x satisfying the equation log 3

x2  log3 x  2 = 2
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4

10. The sum of all possible integral solutions of equation

||x2 – 6x + 5| – |2x2 – 3x + 1|| = 3|x2 – 3x + 2| is
(A) 10 (B) 12 (C) 13 (D) 15

11. The complete solution set of the inequality (|x – 1| – 3) (|x + 2| – 5) < 0 is (a, b)  (c, d) then the value
of |a| + |b| + |c| + |d| is
(A) 14 (B) 15 (C) 16 (D) 17

12. The product of all the integers which do not belong to the solution set of the inequality
3 |x|  2
 2 is
| x | 1
(A) –1 (B) –4 (C) 4 (D) 0

13. Let f(x) = |x – 2| and g(x) = |3 – x| and
A be the number of real solutions of the equation f(x) = g(x)
B be the minimum value of h(x) = f(x) + g(x)
C be the area of triangle formed by f(x) = |x – 2|, g(x) = |3 – x| and x-axis and  <  <  <  where  < 
are the roots of f(x) = 4 and  <  are the roots of g(x) = 4, then the value of sum of digits of
2  2   2  2
.
ABC
(A) 7 (B) 8 (C) 11 (D) 9

14*. If f(x) = |x + 1| – 2 | x – 1| then

(A) maximum value of f(x) is 2. (B) there are two solutions of f(x) = 1.
(C) there is one solution of f(x) = 2. (D) there are two solutions of f(x) = 3.

a
15*. The solution set of inequality |x| < , a  R, is
x

(A) – –a,0  if a < 0  
(B) 0, a if a > 0 (C)  if a = 0 (D) (0, a) if a > 0

 1 
16*. If a and b are the solutions of equation : log5  log64 | x |   25x  = 2x, then
 2 
(A) a + b = 0 (B) a2 + b2 = 128 (C) ab = 64 (D) a – b = 8

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Fundamentals of Mathematics-II
17. The number of solution of the equation log3|x – 1| . log4|x – 1| . log5|x – 1|
= log5|x – 1| + log3|x – 1| . log4|x – 1| are
(A) 3 (B) 4 (C) 5 (D) 6

(x 2  2)( x 2  16 )
18. Find the number of all the integral solutions of the inequality 0
(x 4  2)(x 2  9)
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4

1  21  4x  x 2
19. Find the complete solution set of the inequality 0
x 1
(A) 2 6  2, 3 
 
(B)  2 2 6, 1
 
(C)  2  2 6,  1  2 6  2, 3  (D)  2 2 6, 1  2 6  2, 3
      

| x2| – | x|
20. The solution set of the inequality  0 is
4 – x3
3 3 3 3
(A) [–1, 4) (B) [1, 4) (C) [–1, 2) (D) [0, 4)

2 x  4log2 x < 2 (4 – log16x ) are

2 4
21. The number of integers satisfying the inequality log1/
(A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 4 (D) 5

22. If f1(x) = | | x | – 2| and fn(x) = |fn – 1(x) –2| for all n  2, n  N, then number of solution of the equation
f2015(x) = 2 is
(A) 2015 (B) 2016 (C) 2017 (D) 2018

23. If graph of y = f(x) in (–3,1), is as shown in the following figure

and g(x) = n(f(x)), then the graph of y = g(– |x|) is

(A) (B)

(C) (D)

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Fundamentals of Mathematics-II

24*. Solution set of inequality ||x| – 2|  3 – |x| consists of :

(A) exactly four integers (B) exactly five integers
(C) Two prime natural number (D) One prime natural number

25*. If a  0, then the inequation |x – a| + |x + a| < b

 b b 
(A) has no solutions if b  2 |a| (B) has a solution set  ,  if b > 2 |a|
 2 2
 b b 
(C) has a solution set  ,  if b < 2 |a| (D) All above
 2 2

26. The equation ||x – a| – b| = c has four distinct real roots, then
(A) a > b – c > 0 (B) c > b > 0
(C) a > c + b > 0 (D) b > c > 0

27*. If graph of y = f(x) is as shown in figure

y
2

x
–2 –1 0 2
–1

then which of the following options is/are correct ?

y

(A) Graph of y = f(–|x|) is

x
–2 –1 0 1 2

(B) Graph of y = f(|x|) is

y
1
(C) Graph of y = |f(|x|)| is
x
–2 –1 O 1 2

(D) Graph of |y| = f(x) is x

–2 –1 O 2

28*. Consider the equation x2 – 4 | x |  3 =p

(A) for p = 2 the equation has four solutions

(B) for p = 2 the equation has eight solutions
(C) there exists only one real value of p for which the equation has odd number of solutions
(D) sum of roots of the equation is zero irrespective of value of p

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Fundamentals of Mathematics-II

29*. Consider the equation |nx| + x = 2, then

(A) The equation has two solutions (B) Both solutions are positive
(C) One root exceeds one and other in less than one (D) Both roots exceed one

30*. Consider the equation ||x – 1 | – |x + 2|| = p. Let p1 be the value of p for which the equation has exactly

one solution. Also p2 is the value of p for which the equation has infinite solution. Let  be the sum of all
the integral values of p for which this equation has solution then
(A) p1 = 0 (B) p2 = 3 (C)  = 6 (D) p1 + p2 = 4

31. Number of the solution of the equation 2x = |x – 1| + |x + 1| is

(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 

32. Number of the solution of the equation x2 = |x – 2| + |x + 2| – 1 is

(A) 0 (B) 3 (C) 2 (D) 4

33. f(x) is polynomial of degree 5 with leading coefficient = 1, f(4) = 0. If the curve y = |f(x)| and y = f(|x|) are
same, then the value of f(5) is
(A) 405 (B) –405 (C) 45 (D) –45

34. The area bounded by the curve y  |x – 2| and y  4 – |x – 3| is

13 15
(A) (B) 7 (C) (D) 8
2 2

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Fundamentals of Mathematics-II

PART - I : JEE (ADVANCED) / IIT-JEE PROBLEMS (PREVIOUS YEARS)


 Marked questions are recommended for Revision.


* Marked Questions may have more than one correct option.

1. Draw the graph of y = |x|1/2 for –1  x  1.

2. The number of real solutions of the equation |x|2 – 3|x| + 2 = 0 is :

(A) 4 (B) 1 (C) 3 (D) 2

3. If p, q, r are any real numbers, then

1
(A) max (p, q) < max (p, q, r) (B) min (p, q) = (p + q – |p – q|)
2
(C) max (p, q) < min(p, q, r) (D) None of these

4. Let f(x) = |x – 1|. Then

(A) f(x2) = (f(x))2 (B) f(x + y) = f(x) + f(y) (C) f(|x|) = |f(x)| (D) None of these

5. If x satisfies |x – 1| + |x – 2| + |x – 3|  6, then
(A) 0  x  4 (B) x  –2 or x  4 (C) x  0 or x  4 (D) None of these

6. Solve |x2 + 4x + 3| + 2x + 5 = 0.

7. If p, q, r are positive and are in A.P., then roots of the quadratic equation px2 + qx + r = 0 are real for
r r
(A) 7  4 3 (B) 7 < 4 3
p p
(C) all p and r (D) no p and r

8. The function f(x) = |ax – b| + c |x|  x  (–, ), where a > 0, b > 0, c > 0, assumes its minimum value
only at one point if
(A) a  b (B) a  c (C) b  c (D) a = b = c

9. Find the set of all solutions of the equation 2 |y| – | 2y–1 – 1| = 2y–1 + 1

2
10. The sum of all the real roots of the equation x  2  x  2  2  0 is ______.

11. If  &  ( < ) are the roots of the equation x2 + bx + c = 0, where c < 0 < b, then
(A) 0 <  <  (B)  < 0 < <  (C) <  < 0 (D) < 0 <  < 

12. If f(x) = x2 + 2bx + 2c2 and g(x) = – x2 – 2cx + b2 are such that min f(x) > max g(x), then the relation
between b and c, is
(A) no relation (B) 0 < c < b/2 (C) |c| < 2 |b| (D) |c| > 2 |b|

PART - II : JEE (MAIN) / AIEEE PROBLEMS (PREVIOUS YEARS)

1. Product of real roots of the equation t2x2 + |x| + 9 = 0
(1) is always positive (2) is always negative (3) does not exist (4) none of these

2. The number of real solutions of the equation x2 – 3|x| + 2 = 0 is

(1) 3 (2) 2 (3) 4 (4) 1

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Fundamentals of Mathematics-II
3. The sum of the roots of the equation, x2 + |2x – 3| –4 = 0, is :

(1) – 2 (2) 2 (3) –2 (4) 2

4. The equation 3x2  x  5 = x – 3, where x is real , has :

(1) exactly four solutions (2) exactly one solutions
(3) exactly two solutions (4) no solution

1
5. The domain of the function f(x) = is :
| x | x

(1) (– , ) (2) (0, ) (3) (–, 0) (4) (–, ) – {0}

 1
6. If x is a solution of the equation, 2x  1 – 2x – 1  1,  x   , then 4x2 – 1 is equal to
 2

3 1
(1) 2 (2) (3) 2 2 (4)
4 2

1 1
7. Let  and  be the roots of equation px2 + qx + r = 0, p  0. If p, q ,r are in the A.P. and  = 4, then
 

the value of | – | is :

34 2 13 61 2 17
(1) (2) (3) (4)
9 9 9 9

8. Let S = {x  R : x  0 and 2| x – 3| + x ( x – 6) + 6 = 0}. Then S :

(1) contains exactly two elements. (2) contains exactly four elements.
(3) is an empty set. (4) contains exactly one element

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EXERCISE # 1

PART-I
Section (A) :

A-1. (i) x2 – 7x + 10, x > 5 or x  2 ; –(x2 – 7x + 10), 2  x  5

(ii) x3 – x, x  [–1, 0]  [1, ) ; x – x3 , x  (– , –1)  (0, 1)

(iii) 2x – 2, x  1 ; 2 – 2x , x < 1 (iv) x2 – 6x + 10, x  R

(v) x2 – 2x + 1, x  2 ; 4x – x2 – 3, 1  x < 2 ; x2 – 4x + 3, x < 1

(vi) x – 3, x  3 ; 3 – x, x  3
(vii) 2x–1 + x + 2 – 3x+1 x  –1 ; 2x–1 + x + 2 – 3–(x+1) –2  x  –1
2 –x–2–3
x–1 –(x+1) x  –2

A-2. (i) (ii) (iii)

(iv) (v)

11 13
A-3. (i) x = 0, 8 (ii) x = –10, –6, 0, 4 (iii) x = 0, ± 4, 8 (iv) x=– ,
7 7

A-4. (i) ±8 (ii) 0, 1 (iii) 0, 4 (iv) –2, 3 (v) x  {– 2, 2, 4}

A-5. (i) 4 (ii) 4 (iii) 4

A-6. (i) 0 (ii) 6 (iii) 0 (iv) 12 (v) 0

A-7. (i) 2 (ii) Infinite

(iii) p<4 no solution p=4 one solution p>4 Two solution

A-8. 2 A-9 2, 3 A-10. 0

Section (B) :
B-1. (i) x  (–, 1]  [5, ) (ii) x = 5 or x = – 1 (iii) x  R – {3} (iv) x  [0, 6]
(v) R (vi) [ 1, 3]

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Fundamentals of Mathematics-II

B-2. (i) x  (–1, 0)  (0, 3) (ii) x  (–, –4]  [–1, 1]  [4, )

 2  1   2 
(iii) x  (–5, –2)  (–1, ) (iv) x   ,     ,   (v) x    , 4
 3 2   3 
B-3. (i) x  (–, –1]  [0, ) (ii) x  (–, 1]  [3, ) (iii) x  (–, 0)  (1, )
(iv) x  (2, ) (v) (1, 5/3) (vi) (2, )

 1 
B-4. (i) {–1}  [0, ) (ii) [1, 2]  [3, 4] (iii) x   ,  
 2 
 3
(iv) [1, 4] {–2} (v)  –5, 2 
 
B-5. {–2, 1}

Section (C) :

C-1. (i) log10x + 2x – 1 – 1 x1

–(log10x + 2x–1 – 1) 0<x<1
(ii) (log2x)2 – 3(log2x) + 2 x  (0, 2]  [4, )
–((log2x)2 – 3(log2x) + 2 ) x  (2, 4)
2
 4x 5
(iii) 5x  25 x  (–, 1]  [3, )
x2  4x 5
25  5 x  (1, 3)

C-2. x = 10/3, y = 20/3 & x = – 10, y = 20

 1  1 1
C-3. (i) x   0,   2,   (ii)  0, 27   3,   (iii) ( ,log2 ( 2  1)]   , )
 4   2
C-4. 3 C-5. 4 C-6. 2

Section (D) :

1 
D-1. (i)  2 , 2   (5, ) (ii) [– 1, ( 5 – 1)/2) (iii) x  [3, )
 
 7  21   7  21 
(iv) x   , 2   4,  (v) x=2
 2   2 
(vi) (– , – 5] U [1, ) (vii) (–, –3] (viii) [–2, 0)  [ 2  3 , 2  3 ]
(ix) (– 1, 1) (2, 3]

D-2. x = log2a where, a  (0, 1]

Section (E) :

E-1. (i) (ii)

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(iii) (iv)

E-2. (i) (ii)

(iii) (iv)

E-3.

E-4.  (12, 16)

E-5. (i) (ii)

(iii) (iv)

E-6. (A)

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(B)

E-7. (i) 2 (ii) 2

 5 5 5 
E-8 (i) k   1,  (ii) k = 1, (iii) k=–1 (iv) k      (–1, 1)
 4 4 4 

EXERCISE # 2
1. (B) 2. (B) 3. (D) 4. (A) 5. (A) 6. (A*) 7. (C)

8. (B) 9. (A) 10. (D) 11. (C) 12. (A) 13. (D) 14. (ABC)

15. (ABC) 16. (AB) 17. (D) 18. (B) 19. (D) 20. (A) 21. (B)

22. (C) 23. (D) 24. (BD) 25. (AB) 26. (D) 27. (ACD)

28. (ACD) 29. (ABC) 30. (ABC) 31. (C) 32. (C) 33. (A) 34. (C)

EXERCISE # 3

PART-I

2. (A) 3. (B) 4. (D) 5. (C) 6. x = –1 – 3 or –4

7. (A) 8. (B) 9. {–1}  [1, ) 10. 4 11. (B) 12. (D)

PART-I
1. (3) 2. (3) 3. (2) 4. (4) 5. (3) 6. (2) 7. (2)

8. (1)

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