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Assignment 01

The document outlines an assignment for MBA/MS students on Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning, detailing various topics for discussion and analysis. Key areas include the evolution of AI, its applications in different industries, machine learning methodologies, and specific algorithms like Dijkstra’s and search techniques. Students are instructed to submit handwritten work with original ideas, clarity, and proper structure, while avoiding plagiarism.

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saad aslam
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3 views

Assignment 01

The document outlines an assignment for MBA/MS students on Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning, detailing various topics for discussion and analysis. Key areas include the evolution of AI, its applications in different industries, machine learning methodologies, and specific algorithms like Dijkstra’s and search techniques. Students are instructed to submit handwritten work with original ideas, clarity, and proper structure, while avoiding plagiarism.

Uploaded by

saad aslam
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ASSIGNMENT-01

MBA/MS
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND MACHINE LEARNING
Instructions:
 Handwritten Submission
 Original Ideas Only
 Clarity and Structure
 On-Time Submission
 Avoid Copy-Pasting from ChatGPT and other sources
 Write Legibly
______________________________________________________________________________

1. Artificial Intelligence has evolved significantly over the years. Discuss the key
milestones in its development and provide examples of how these milestones have shaped
real-world applications.
2. AI is transforming industries like healthcare, education, and transportation. Discuss with
examples how AI is improving efficiency and innovation in these sectors.
3. Supervised and unsupervised learning are two primary types of machine learning.
Compare their methodologies and discuss how each is applied in solving real-world
problems like spam detection and customer segmentation.
4. Explain the concept of training and testing datasets in machine learning. Why is it
important to split data appropriately? Support your answer with a real-world use case.
5. Define knowledge representation and explain its importance in Artificial Intelligence.
Differentiate between the types of knowledge, and describe knowledge representation
techniques such as Semantic Nets, Frames, and Rules.
6. Procedural knowledge involves knowing "how" to perform tasks. Discuss its role in AI
and provide an example of a procedural knowledge system, such as a cooking assistant or
robotic arm.
7. Explain the role of meta-knowledge in AI systems. Discuss its application in expert
systems, using an example like medical diagnosis or legal advice.
8. Dijkstra’s Algorithm is fundamental for solving shortest-path problems. Discuss its
working with a step-by-step explanation and provide an example from transportation or
network routing systems.
9. Many real-world systems use variations of Dijkstra’s Algorithm. Discuss its role in GPS
navigation, highlighting how it handles weighted graphs to find optimal routes.
10. State-space representation is central to problem-solving in AI. Using a practical example,
such as a puzzle or maze, explain how states and actions are defined and explored.
11. Breadth-First Search (BFS) and Depth-First Search (DFS) are fundamental search
techniques. Compare their efficiency and applicability with examples like social network
analysis or pathfinding.
12. Neural networks are inspired by the human brain. Discuss how their structure (neurons,
layers, weights) mimics biological systems. Provide an example of how this analogy
applies to pattern recognition.
13. Explain the backpropagation algorithm used in training neural networks. Discuss how
gradient descent is applied and why it is critical for minimizing error.
14. Activation functions (ReLU, Sigmoid, Tanh) play a key role in neural networks.
Compare these functions and discuss how the choice of activation impacts real-world
applications like image classification.
15. Discuss the role of Python libraries like NumPy, Pandas, and Matplotlib in AI and
machine learning. Provide use cases for each.
16. Explain the importance of Python's data structures (lists, dictionaries, tuples) in handling
complex data for AI algorithms. Provide scenarios where each data structure is most
appropriate.
17. Write a Python program to implement the Breadth-First Search (BFS) algorithm. Apply it
to a graph and explain the output.
18. Write a Python program to demonstrate the use of control structures (if-else, loops) in
solving real-world problems, such as calculating tax brackets.
19. Discuss the role of NumPy in handling multidimensional arrays and mathematical
operations. Provide examples of operations like slicing, broadcasting, and matrix
computations.
20. Explain how Pandas simplifies data analysis tasks. Write a program to load a dataset,
clean missing values, and calculate basic statistics.

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