NEW ERA UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE

#9 Central Avenue, New Era, Quezon City

MODULE 5 – SAMPLE DESIGN PROBLEM WITH SOLUTION

Design Problem 1
A concrete frame consists of a prestressed beam and column, both pre-tensioned, as shown. Concrete is normal weight with a compressive
strength of 34.5 MPa. All strands are Grade 270 stress-relieved seven-wire with an initial prestress of 1,303 MPa, a yield stress of 1,586 MPa, and
elastic modulus of 199,945 MPa, and a 20% prestress loss. Ignore self-weight of the frame. Use ACI/NSCP 2015 Code requirements.

1. Considering only the column, and only as a short column, find the largest magnitude of 𝑷𝒖 that can be safely applied onto the
frame, as shown in the figure.

2. Assume that 40% of the applied load is dead load. Place three (3) harped strands in the beam with zero eccentricity at the free
end, and at the zero-tension envelope at the column face. Then, based only on the ultimate flexural strength design, determine
whether the beam is adequate for carrying the applied loads of Part 1? Do not use any mild steel, and do not need to check stresses
either at the transfer or at the service conditions.

3. Using the detailed shear design method, determine the amount (if any) of the shear reinforcement necessary for the beam at its
critical section. (Will be discuss on Final Term)

4. Check maximum crack width for the beam and determine if it is acceptable for humid areas. (Will be discuss on Final Term)

5. Using only the non-sway magnification factor for a single cantilever column, determine the maximum lever arm for the 𝟎. 𝟏𝑷𝒖 load,
so that the column not fail due to its slenderness.

Prepared by: Engr. Andro S. Rebuyas, RCE, ME-1, SO2, RMP, RME, PE-1, M.Eng-SE│ NEW ERA UNIVERSITY P a g e |1
 NEW ERA UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE
#9 Central Avenue, New Era, Quezon City

SOLUTION FOR DESIGN PROBLEM 1

1. Considering only the column, and only as a short column, find the largest magnitude of 𝑷𝒖 that can be safely applied onto the frame,
as shown in the figure.

 Compute for 𝑴𝒏

𝑴𝒏 = 𝟎. 𝟏 𝑷𝒏 (𝑳) = 0.1 𝑃 (7.0 𝑚) = 0.7𝑃 𝑚

 Compute for 𝒆

𝑴𝒏 𝑴𝒖 0.7𝑃 𝑚
𝒆= = = = 0.7 𝑚
𝑷𝒏 𝑷𝒖 𝑃

 Compute for 𝜷𝟏

𝑓′ = 34.5 𝑀𝑃𝑎

𝟎. 𝟎𝟓
𝜷𝟏 = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟓 − (𝒇′𝒄 − 𝟐𝟖) > 𝟐𝟖 𝑴𝑷𝒂 𝒃𝒖𝒕 𝒏𝒐𝒕 𝒍𝒆𝒔𝒔 𝒕𝒉𝒂𝒏 𝟎. 𝟔𝟓
𝟕

0.05
𝛽 = 0.85 − (34.5 − 28) = 0.8036
7

 Compute for 𝒄

𝒂 𝑎
𝒄= =
𝜷𝟏 0.8036

 𝑪𝒐𝒎𝒑𝒖𝒕𝒆 (𝑷𝒏 & 𝑴𝒏 𝑬𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒊𝒏 𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒎𝒔 𝒐𝒇 "𝒂")

𝟐
𝒅𝒊 − 𝒄
𝑷𝒏 = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟓 𝒇′𝒄 𝒃𝒂 − 𝑬𝒑𝒔 𝑨𝒑𝒔𝒊 𝜺𝒄𝒆 + 𝜺𝒑𝒆 + 𝜺𝒄𝒖
𝒄
𝒊 𝟏
𝑷𝒆
𝜺𝒄𝒆 = 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒; 𝑷𝒆 = (𝟏 − 𝜸)𝒙𝑵𝒔 𝒙𝑨𝒑𝒔 𝒙𝒇𝒑𝒔
𝑬𝒄 𝑨𝒄

(1 − 20%)𝑥6𝑥98.7 𝑚𝑚 𝑥1,303 𝑁/𝑚𝑚

𝜀 = = 1.3976 𝑥10
4,700 34.5 𝑁/𝑚𝑚 (400 𝑚𝑚 𝑥 400 𝑚𝑚)

𝒇𝒑𝒆
𝜺𝒑𝒆 = 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒; 𝒇𝒑𝒆 = (𝟏 − 𝜸)𝒙𝒇𝒑𝒔
𝑬𝒑𝒔

𝑓 = (1 − 20%)𝑥1,303 𝑁/𝑚𝑚 = 1,042.4 𝑁/𝑚𝑚

1,042.4 𝑁/𝑚𝑚
𝜀 = = 5.2123 𝑥10
199,945 𝑁/𝑚𝑚

𝑎
𝑑 −
𝑃 = 0.85 (34.5 𝑁/𝑚𝑚 )(400 𝑚𝑚)𝑎 − (199,945 𝑁/𝑚𝑚 ) (3𝑥98.7 𝑚𝑚 ) 1.3976 𝑥10 + 5.2123 𝑥10 + 0.003 0.8036
𝑎
0.8036
𝐴𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑒; 𝑑 = 350 𝑚𝑚
𝑎
350 𝑚𝑚 −
𝑃 = 0.85 (34.5 𝑁/𝑚𝑚 )(400 𝑚𝑚)𝑎 − (199,945 𝑁/𝑚𝑚 ) (3𝑥98.7 𝑚𝑚 ) 1.3976 𝑥10 + 5.2123 𝑥10 + 0.003 0.8036
𝑎
0.8036

𝟗𝟗, 𝟗𝟎𝟗, 𝟖𝟐𝟎. 𝟒𝟒

𝑷𝒏 = 𝟏𝟏, 𝟕𝟑𝟎 𝒂 − 𝟐𝟕𝟖, 𝟓𝟎𝟏. 𝟑𝟕𝟕𝟓 − (𝑬𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝟏. 𝟎𝒂)
𝒂
𝟐
𝒉 𝒂 𝒅𝒊 − 𝒄 𝒉
𝑴𝒏 = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟓 𝒇 𝒄 𝒃𝒂 − + 𝑬𝒑𝒔 𝑨𝒑𝒔𝒊 𝜺𝒄𝒆 + 𝜺𝒑𝒆 + 𝜺𝒄𝒖 𝒅𝒊 −
𝟐 𝟐 𝒄 𝟐
𝒊 𝟏
𝑎
400 𝑚𝑚 𝑎 𝑑 − 400 𝑚𝑚
𝑀 = 0.85 (34.5 𝑁/𝑚𝑚 )(400 𝑚𝑚)𝑎 − + (199,945 𝑁/𝑚𝑚 ) (3𝑥98.7 𝑚𝑚 ) 1.3976 𝑥10 + 5.2123 𝑥10 + 0.003 0.8036 𝑑 −
2 2 𝑎 2
0.8036
𝐴𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑒; 𝑑 = 350 𝑚𝑚
𝑎
400 𝑚𝑚 𝑎 350 𝑚𝑚 − 400 𝑚𝑚
𝑀 = 0.85 (34.5 𝑁/𝑚𝑚 )(400 𝑚𝑚)𝑎 − + (199,945 𝑁/𝑚𝑚 ) (3𝑥98.7 𝑚𝑚 ) 1.3976 𝑥10 + 5.2123 𝑥10 + 0.003 0.8036 350 𝑚𝑚 −
2 2 𝑎 2
0.8036

𝟏. 𝟒𝟗𝟖𝟔𝟒𝟕𝟑𝟎𝟕 𝒙 𝟏𝟎𝟏𝟎
𝑴𝒏 = 𝟐, 𝟑𝟒𝟔, 𝟎𝟎𝟎𝒂 − 𝟓, 𝟖𝟔𝟓𝒂𝟐 + 𝟒𝟏, 𝟕𝟕𝟓, 𝟐𝟎𝟔. 𝟔𝟐 + (𝑬𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝟏. 𝟎𝒃)
𝒂

𝑴𝒏
𝒆=
𝑷𝒏

1.498647307 𝑥 10
2,346,000𝑎 − 5,865𝑎 + 41,775,206.62 +
700 𝑚𝑚 = 𝑎
99,909,820.44
11,730 𝑎 − 278,501.3775 −
𝑎

𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒗𝒆 "𝒂" 𝒖𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒕𝒓𝒊𝒂𝒍 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒆𝒓𝒓𝒐𝒓 (Using Excel Program)

𝑎 = 132.309 𝑚𝑚

Prepared by: Engr. Andro S. Rebuyas, RCE, ME-1, SO2, RMP, RME, PE-1, M.Eng-SE│ NEW ERA UNIVERSITY P a g e |2
 NEW ERA UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE
#9 Central Avenue, New Era, Quezon City

 𝑪𝒉𝒆𝒄𝒌 𝒕𝒐 𝒔𝒆𝒆 𝒊𝒇 𝒆𝒊𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒓 𝒐𝒇 𝒔𝒕𝒆𝒆𝒍 𝒍𝒂𝒚𝒆𝒓𝒔 𝒉𝒂𝒗𝒆 𝒚𝒊𝒆𝒍𝒅𝒆𝒅:

𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒; 𝑑 = 350 𝑚𝑚 & 𝑑 = 50 𝑚𝑚

𝒇𝒑𝒚
𝜺𝒚 =
𝑬𝒑𝒔

𝑓 1586 𝑁/𝑚𝑚
𝜀 = = = 7.93 𝑥 10
𝐸 199,945 𝑁/𝑚𝑚

𝒅𝟏 (𝟏 − 𝜸) − 𝒂
𝜺𝒑𝒔𝟏 = 𝜺𝒄𝒆 + 𝜺𝒑𝒆 + 𝜺𝒄𝒖
𝒂

350 𝑚𝑚 (1 − 20%) − 132.309 𝑚𝑚

𝜀 = 1.3976 𝑥10 + 5.2123 𝑥10 + 0.003 = 8.70083 𝑥 10 > 7.93 𝑥 10
132.309 𝑚𝑚

𝒅𝟐 (𝟏 − 𝜸) − 𝒂
𝜺𝒑𝒔𝟐 = 𝜺𝒄𝒆 + 𝜺𝒑𝒆 + 𝜺𝒄𝒖
𝒂

50 𝑚𝑚 (1 − 20%) − 132.309 𝑚𝑚
𝜀 = 1.3976 𝑥10 + 5.2123 𝑥10 + 0.003 = 3.259 𝑥 10 < 7.93 𝑥 10
132.309 𝑚𝑚

𝒇𝒑𝒔𝟏 = 𝜺𝒑𝒔𝟏 𝑬𝒑𝒔 > 𝟐𝟕𝟎 𝒌𝒔𝒊 (𝟏, 𝟖𝟔𝟐 𝑴𝑷𝒂)

𝑓 = 8.70083 𝑥 10 (199,945 𝑁/𝑚𝑚 ) = 1,739.687 𝑁/𝑚𝑚 < 1,862 𝑁/𝑚𝑚

𝒇𝒑𝒔𝟐 = 𝜺𝒑𝒔𝟐 𝑬𝒑𝒔 < 𝟐𝟕𝟎 𝒌𝒔𝒊 (𝟏, 𝟖𝟔𝟐 𝑴𝑷𝒂)

𝑓 = 3.259 𝑥 10 (199,945 𝑁/𝑚𝑚 ) = 651.621 𝑁/𝑚𝑚 < 1,862 𝑁/𝑚𝑚

(𝑰𝒕 𝒊𝒔 𝒂𝒄𝒕𝒖𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒚 𝒃𝒆𝒕𝒘𝒆𝒆𝒏 𝟐𝟑𝟎 & 𝟐𝟕𝟎 𝒌𝒔𝒊): 𝑼𝒔𝒆: 𝒇𝒑𝒔(𝟏𝒐𝒓𝟐) = 𝟐𝟓𝟎 𝒌𝒔𝒊 = 𝟏, 𝟕𝟐𝟒 𝑴𝑷𝒂

 𝑪𝒐𝒎𝒑𝒖𝒕𝒆 𝒇𝒐𝒓 𝑵𝒆𝒘 (𝑷𝒏 & 𝑴𝒏 𝑬𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒊𝒏 𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒎𝒔 𝒐𝒇 "𝒂")

𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒; 𝑑 = 350 𝑚𝑚 & 𝑑 = 50 𝑚𝑚

𝒅𝟐 − 𝒄
𝑷𝒏 = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟓 𝒇′𝒄 𝒃𝒂 − 𝒇𝒑𝒔(𝟏𝒐𝒓𝟐) 𝑨𝒑𝒔 − 𝑬𝒑𝒔 𝑨𝒑𝒔 𝜺𝒄𝒆 + 𝜺𝒑𝒆 + 𝜺𝒄𝒖
𝒄
𝑎
50 𝑚𝑚 −
𝑃 = 0.85 (34.5 𝑁/𝑚𝑚 )(400 𝑚𝑚)𝑎 − (1,724 𝑁/𝑚𝑚 )(3𝑥98.7 𝑚𝑚 ) − (199,945 𝑁/𝑚𝑚 )(3𝑥98.7 𝑚𝑚 ) 1.3976 𝑥10 + 5.2123 𝑥10 + 0.003 0.8036
𝑎
0.8036

7,614,922.14
𝑃 = 11,730 𝑎 − 649,727.0887 − (𝐸𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 2𝑎)
𝑎

ℎ 𝑎 ℎ 𝑑 −𝑐 ℎ
𝑀 = 0.85 𝑓 𝑏𝑎 − +𝑓 ( )𝐴 𝑑 − +𝐸 𝐴 𝜀 +𝜀 +𝜀 𝑑 −
2 2 2 𝑐 2
𝑎
400 𝑚𝑚 𝑎 50 𝑚𝑚 − 0.80357 400 𝑚𝑚
𝑀 = 0.85 (34.5 𝑁/𝑚𝑚 )(400 𝑚𝑚)𝑎 − + (1,724 𝑁/𝑚𝑚 )(3𝑥98.7 𝑚𝑚 ) + (199,945 𝑁/𝑚𝑚 )(3𝑥98.7 𝑚𝑚 ) 1.3976 𝑥10 + 5.2123 𝑥10 + 0.003 𝑎 50 𝑚𝑚 −
2 2 2
0.80357

1,065,156,385
𝑀 = 2,346,000𝑎 − 5,865𝑎 + 20,377,126.91 − (𝐸𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 2𝑏)
𝑎

𝑴𝒏
𝒆=
𝑷𝒏

1,065,156,385
2,346,000𝑎 − 5,865𝑎 + 20,377,126.91 −
700 𝑚𝑚 = 𝑎
7,614,922.14
11,730 𝑎 − 649,727.0887 −
𝑎

𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒗𝒆 "𝒂" 𝒖𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒕𝒓𝒊𝒂𝒍 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒆𝒓𝒓𝒐𝒓 (Using Excel Program)

𝑎 = 82.919 𝑚𝑚

Prepared by: Engr. Andro S. Rebuyas, RCE, ME-1, SO2, RMP, RME, PE-1, M.Eng-SE│ NEW ERA UNIVERSITY P a g e |3
 NEW ERA UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE
#9 Central Avenue, New Era, Quezon City

 𝑪𝒐𝒎𝒑𝒖𝒕𝒆 𝒇𝒐𝒓 𝑵𝒆𝒘 (𝑷𝒏 & 𝑴𝒏 )

7,614,922.14
𝑃 = 11,730𝑎 − 649,727.0887 −
𝑎

7,614,922.14
𝑃 = 11,730(82.919 𝑚𝑚) − 649,727.0887 − = 231,077.11 𝑁 𝑜𝑟 231.077 𝑘𝑁
82.919 𝑚𝑚
1,065,156,385
𝑀 = 2,346,000𝑎 − 5,865𝑎 + 20,377,126.91 −
𝑎
1,065,156,385
𝑀 = 2,346,000(82.919 𝑚𝑚) − 5,865(82.919 𝑚𝑚) + 20,377,126.91 − = 161,734,192.55 𝑁. 𝑚𝑚 𝑜𝑟 161.734 𝑘𝑁. 𝑚
82.919 𝑚𝑚

 𝑪𝒐𝒎𝒑𝒖𝒕𝒆 𝒇𝒐𝒓 𝒄

𝑡𝑜 𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑐:

𝒂 = 𝜷𝟏 𝒄

𝑎 82.919 𝑚𝑚
𝑐= = = 103.1844 𝑚𝑚
𝛽 0.8036

𝑡𝑜 𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑐/𝑑 :

𝒄 103.1844 𝑚𝑚
= = 0.295 > 0.375
𝒅𝒕 350 𝑚𝑚

 𝑪𝒐𝒎𝒑𝒖𝒕𝒆 𝒇𝒐𝒓 𝜙

𝑡𝑜 𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝜙:

𝝓 = 𝟎. 𝟐𝟑 + 𝟎. 𝟐𝟓/(𝒄/𝒅) = 0.23 + 0.25/(0.295) = 1.077 > 0.90

𝑈𝑠𝑒𝑑 𝜙 = 0.90

 𝑪𝒐𝒎𝒑𝒖𝒕𝒆 𝒇𝒐𝒓 𝝓𝑷𝒏 & 𝝓𝑴𝒏

𝝓𝑷𝒏 = 𝑷𝒖 = 0.90 (231.077 𝑘𝑁) = 207.969 𝑘𝑁

𝝓𝑴𝒏 = 𝑴𝒖 = 0.90 (161.734 𝑘𝑁. 𝑚 ) = 145.561 𝑘𝑁. 𝑚

𝑻𝒉𝒆𝒓𝒆𝒇𝒐𝒓𝒆, 𝑷𝒖 = 𝟐𝟎𝟕. 𝟗𝟔𝟗 𝒌𝑵

Prepared by: Engr. Andro S. Rebuyas, RCE, ME-1, SO2, RMP, RME, PE-1, M.Eng-SE│ NEW ERA UNIVERSITY P a g e |4
 NEW ERA UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE
#9 Central Avenue, New Era, Quezon City

2. Assume that 40% of the applied load is dead load. Place three (3) harped strands in the beam with zero eccentricity at the free end,
and at the zero-tension envelope at the column face. Then, based only on the ultimate flexural strength design, determine whether
the beam is adequate for carrying the applied loads of Part 1? Do not use any mild steel, and do not need to check stresses either
at the transfer or at the service conditions.

 Compute for Area T-beam

𝑨 = 𝑨𝒄 = 200 𝑚𝑚 (400 𝑚𝑚) 𝑥 2 = 160,000 𝑚𝑚 (𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑇 − 𝐵𝑒𝑎𝑚)

 Compute for Distance of centroid

𝑨𝟏 𝒚𝟏 + 𝑨𝟐 𝒚𝟐
𝑪𝒃 = (𝑉𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑜𝑛 𝑠 𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑚)
𝑨𝟏 + 𝑨𝟐

400 𝑚𝑚 (200 𝑚𝑚)(200 𝑚𝑚) + 200 𝑚𝑚 (400 𝑚𝑚)(500 𝑚𝑚)

𝐶 = = 350 𝑚𝑚
400 𝑚𝑚 (200 𝑚𝑚) + 200 𝑚𝑚 (400 𝑚𝑚)

𝐶 = 350 𝑚𝑚 (𝐷𝑖𝑠. 𝑜𝑓 𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑖𝑑 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑛𝑒𝑢𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑙 𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠 𝑡𝑜 𝑏𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑜𝑚 𝑜𝑓 𝑇 − 𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑚)

𝑪𝒕 = 𝒉𝒘 𝒇 − 𝑪𝒃

𝐶 = 600 𝑚𝑚 − 350 𝑚𝑚

𝐶 = 250 𝑚𝑚 (𝐷𝑖𝑠. 𝑜𝑓 𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑖𝑑 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑛𝑒𝑢𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑙 𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠 𝑡𝑜 𝑇𝑜𝑝 𝑜𝑓 𝑇 − 𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑚)

 Compute for Moment of Inertia of T-Beam

𝐼 = 𝐼 = (𝑀𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝐼𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑇 − 𝐵𝑒𝑎𝑚)

𝟑 𝟐 𝟐
(𝒃𝒘 )(𝒉𝒘 )𝟑 𝒃𝒇 𝒉𝒇 𝒉𝒘 𝒎𝒎 𝒉𝒇
𝑰𝒄 = + + 𝒃𝒘 (𝒉𝒘 ) 𝑪𝒕 − + 𝒃𝒇 𝒉𝒇 𝑪𝒕 − [𝒉𝒘 + ]
𝟏𝟐 𝟏𝟐 𝟐 𝟐

(200 𝑚𝑚)(400 𝑚𝑚) (400 𝑚𝑚)(200 𝑚𝑚) 400 𝑚𝑚

𝐼 = + + 200 𝑚𝑚(400𝑚𝑚) 350 𝑚𝑚 − + 400 𝑚𝑚(200𝑚𝑚)(350 𝑚𝑚 − 500 𝑚𝑚) = 4,933.33 𝑥 10 𝑚𝑚
12 12 2

 Compute for Radius of Gyration

𝑰 4,933.33 𝑥 10 𝑚𝑚
𝒓𝟐 = =
𝑨 160,000 𝑚𝑚

𝑟 = 30,833.3125 𝑚𝑚

𝑟 = 175.594 𝑚𝑚 (𝑅𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑢𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝐺𝑦𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛)

 Compute for Section Modulus

𝑰 4,933.33 𝑥 10 𝑚𝑚
𝑺𝒕 = = = 19.733 𝑥 10 𝑚𝑚 (𝑆𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑀𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑙𝑖/𝑀𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑙𝑢𝑠)
𝑪𝒕 250 𝑚𝑚

𝑰 4,933.33 𝑥 10 𝑚𝑚
𝑺𝒃 = = = 14.095 𝑥 10 𝑚𝑚 (𝑆𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑀𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑙𝑖/𝑀𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑙𝑢𝑠)
𝑪𝒃 350 𝑚𝑚

 Compute for Lower Kern

𝑺𝒕 19.733 𝑥 10 𝑚𝑚
𝑲𝒃 = = = 123.33 𝑚𝑚 (𝐿𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑘𝑒𝑟𝑛)
𝑨 160,000 𝑚𝑚

 Compute for Mu

𝒉
𝑴𝒖 = 𝟎. 𝟏 𝑷𝒖 𝑳 − (𝑀𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑎𝑡 𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑛)
𝟐

0.40 𝑚
𝑀 = 0.1 (207.969 kN) 7.0 𝑚 − = 141.419 𝑘𝑁. 𝑚
2

 Compute for 𝑴𝑳 & 𝑴𝑻

60% 𝐿𝐿 & 40% 𝐷𝐿

𝟔𝟎
𝑴𝑳 = 𝑴 = 1.50𝑀
𝟒𝟎 𝑫

𝑴𝒖 = 𝟏. 𝟐𝑴𝑫 + 𝟏. 𝟔(𝟏. 𝟓𝟎𝑴𝑫 ) = 3.60𝑀

141.419 𝑘𝑁. 𝑚 = 3.60𝑀

𝑀 = 39.283 𝑘𝑁. 𝑚

𝑀 = 1.50𝑀 = 1.50(39.283 𝑘𝑁. 𝑚) = 58.924 𝑘𝑁. 𝑚

𝑴𝑻 = 𝑴𝑫 + 𝑴𝑳

𝑀 = 39.283 𝑘𝑁. 𝑚 + 58.924 𝑘𝑁. 𝑚 = 98.21 𝑘𝑁. 𝑚

Prepared by: Engr. Andro S. Rebuyas, RCE, ME-1, SO2, RMP, RME, PE-1, M.Eng-SE│ NEW ERA UNIVERSITY P a g e |5
 NEW ERA UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE
#9 Central Avenue, New Era, Quezon City

 Compute for 𝒂𝒎𝒊𝒏

𝑴𝑫
𝒂𝒎𝒊𝒏 = 𝑲𝒃 + 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒; 𝑷𝒊 = 𝑨𝒑𝒔 𝒙𝒇𝒑𝒔 = (3𝑥98.7 𝑚𝑚 )(1,303 𝑁/𝑚𝑚 ) = 385,818.3 𝑁
𝑷𝒊

39.283 𝑥 10 𝑁. 𝑚𝑚
𝑎 = 𝑒 = 123.33 𝑚𝑚 + = 225.147 𝑚𝑚 (𝑒𝑐𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑎𝑡 𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑛)
385,818.3 𝑁

𝒅𝒑 = 𝑪𝒕 + 𝒆

𝑑 = 250 𝑚𝑚 + 225.147 𝑚𝑚 = 475.147 𝑚𝑚

Prepared by: Engr. Andro S. Rebuyas, RCE, ME-1, SO2, RMP, RME, PE-1, M.Eng-SE│ NEW ERA UNIVERSITY P a g e |6
 NEW ERA UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE
#9 Central Avenue, New Era, Quezon City

𝑓 = 0.8𝑥1303 𝑁/𝑚𝑚 = 1042.4 𝑁/𝑚𝑚

𝒇𝒑𝒆 1042.4 𝑁/𝑚𝑚

= = 0.56 > 0.5 𝑐𝑎𝑛 𝑢𝑠𝑒 𝐴𝐶𝐼/𝑁𝑆𝐶𝑃 𝑒𝑞. 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑓
𝒇𝒑𝒖 1860 𝑁/𝑚𝑚

𝜸𝒑 𝒇𝒑𝒖 𝒅
𝒇𝒑𝒔 = 𝒇𝒑𝒖 𝟏 − 𝝆 + (𝝆 − 𝝆 )
𝜷𝟏 𝝆 𝒇′𝒄 𝒅𝒑

𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒; 𝜌 − 𝜌 = 0

𝒇𝒑𝒔 ≥ 𝟎. 𝟓𝟎 𝒇𝒑𝒖

𝑓 = 0.50 (1860 𝑁/𝑚𝑚 ) = 930 𝑁/𝑚𝑚

𝒇𝒑𝒚 1586 𝑁/𝑚𝑚

= = 0.85
𝒇𝒑𝒖 1860 𝑁/𝑚𝑚

𝛾 = 0.40 (From Table 420.3.2.3.1)

𝑓′ = 34.5 𝑀𝑃𝑎

𝟎. 𝟎𝟓
𝜷𝟏 = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟓 − (𝟑𝟒. 𝟓 − 𝟐𝟖) > 𝟐𝟖 𝑴𝑷𝒂 𝒃𝒖𝒕 𝒏𝒐𝒕 𝒍𝒆𝒔𝒔 𝒕𝒉𝒂𝒏 𝟎. 𝟔𝟓
𝟕

0.05
𝛽 = 0.85 − (34.5 − 28) = 0.8036
7

𝑨𝒑𝒔
𝝆𝒑 =
𝒃𝒇 𝒅𝒑

3𝑥98.7 𝑚𝑚
𝜌 = = 1.558 𝑥 10 (𝐴𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑁. 𝐴. 𝑖𝑠 𝑖𝑛 𝑓𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒)
400 𝑚𝑚 (475.147 𝑚𝑚)

𝜸𝒑 𝒇𝒑𝒖
𝒇𝒑𝒔 = 𝒇𝒑𝒖 𝟏 − 𝝆
𝜷𝟏 𝝆 𝒇′𝒄

0.40 1860 𝑁/𝑚𝑚

𝑓 = 1860 𝑁/𝑚𝑚 1− 1.558 𝑥 10 = 1,782.233 𝑀𝑃𝑎
0.8036 34.5 𝑁/𝑚𝑚

𝐶=𝑇

𝟎. 𝟖𝟓 𝒇 𝒄 𝒃𝒇 𝒙 𝒂 = 𝑨𝒑𝒔 𝒇𝒑𝒔

0.85 (34.5 𝑁/𝑚𝑚 ) (400 𝑚𝑚 𝑥 𝑎) = 3𝑥98.7 𝑚𝑚 𝑥1,782.233 𝑁/𝑚𝑚

𝑎 = 44.99 𝑚𝑚 < ℎ = 200 𝑚𝑚 (𝑵. 𝑨 𝒊𝒔 𝒊𝒏 𝒇𝒍𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒆)

𝟏
𝝓𝑴𝒏 = 𝝓𝑨𝒑𝒔 𝒇𝒑𝒔 𝒅𝒑 − 𝒂
𝟐

1
𝜙𝑀 = 0.90𝑥3𝑥98.7 𝑚𝑚 𝑥1,782.233 𝑁/𝑚𝑚 𝑥 475.147 𝑚𝑚 − [44.99 𝑚𝑚] 𝑥 10
2

𝜙𝑀 = 214.986 𝑘𝑁. 𝑚

𝑀 = 141.419 𝑘𝑁. 𝑚

𝝓𝑴𝒏 ≥ 𝑴𝒖

𝟐𝟏𝟒. 𝟗𝟖𝟔 𝒌𝑵. 𝒎 > 𝟏𝟒𝟏. 𝟒𝟏𝟗 𝒌𝑵. 𝒎 𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒, 𝑂𝐾

Prepared by: Engr. Andro S. Rebuyas, RCE, ME-1, SO2, RMP, RME, PE-1, M.Eng-SE│ NEW ERA UNIVERSITY P a g e |7
 NEW ERA UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE
#9 Central Avenue, New Era, Quezon City

3. Using the detailed shear design method, determine the amount (if any) of the shear reinforcement necessary for the beam at its
critical section. (Will be discuss on Final Term)

𝑽𝒖 = 𝑽𝒊 = 𝟎. 𝟏𝑷𝒖 = 0.1(207.969 𝑘𝑁) = 20.7969 𝑘𝑁 𝑜𝑟 20,796.9 𝑁

𝝀 𝒇𝒄 𝑴𝒄𝒓 𝒇𝒄
𝑽𝒄𝒊 = [ 𝒃 𝒅 + 𝑽𝒅 + 𝑽𝒊 ≥ 𝒃𝒘 𝒅𝒑
𝟐𝟎 𝒘 𝒑 𝑴𝒎𝒂𝒙 𝟕

𝜆 = 1.0, 𝑽𝒅 = 𝟎. 𝟏𝑷𝑫

𝑃 207.969 𝑘𝑁
𝑉 = 0.1 = 0.1 = 5.777 𝑘𝑁 𝑜𝑟 5,777 𝑁
3.6 3.6

𝑷𝒆 𝒆𝑪𝒃
𝒇𝒄𝒆 = − 𝟏+ 𝟐
𝑨 𝒓

(1 − 20%)(3𝑥98.7 𝑚𝑚 )(1,303 𝑁/𝑚𝑚 ) 225.147 𝑚𝑚 𝑥 350 𝑚𝑚

𝑓 =− 1+
160,000 𝑚𝑚 30,833.3125 𝑚𝑚

𝑓 = −6.86 𝑀𝑃𝑎

𝑴𝑫
𝒇𝒅 =
𝑺𝒃

𝑀 39.283 𝑥 10 𝑁. 𝑚𝑚
𝑓 = = = 2.787 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝑆 14.095 𝑥 10 𝑚𝑚

𝑑 = 𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 0.80 ℎ

𝑑 = 𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 0.80 (400 𝑚𝑚) = 320 𝑚𝑚 < 475.147 𝑚𝑚, 𝑢𝑠𝑒𝑑 475.147 𝑚𝑚

𝑴𝒄𝒓 = 𝑺𝒃 (𝟎. 𝟓𝝀 𝒇 𝒄 + 𝒇𝒄𝒆 − 𝒇𝒅 )

𝑀 = 14.095 𝑥 10 𝑚𝑚 (0.5(1.0) 34.5 𝑁/𝑚𝑚 + 6.86 𝑁/𝑚𝑚 − 2.787 𝑁/𝑚𝑚 ) 𝑥 10 = 98.804 𝑘𝑁. 𝑚

𝝀 𝒇𝒄 𝑴𝒄𝒓 𝒇𝒄
𝑽𝒄𝒊 = 𝒃𝒘 𝒅𝒑 + 𝑽𝒅 + 𝑽𝒊 ≥ 𝒃𝒘 𝒅𝒑
𝟐𝟎 𝑴𝒎𝒂𝒙 𝟕

1.0 34.5 𝑁/𝑚𝑚 98.804𝑥 10 𝑁. 𝑚𝑚 34.5 𝑁/𝑚𝑚

𝑉 = (200 𝑚𝑚)(475.147 𝑚𝑚) + 5,777 𝑁 + 20,796.9 𝑁 ≥ (200 𝑚𝑚)(475.147 𝑚𝑚)
20 141.419 𝑥 10 𝑁. 𝑚𝑚 7

𝑉 = 48,215.56 𝑁 < 79,738.763 𝑁

𝑽𝒄𝒘 = 𝟎. 𝟑 𝝀 𝒇 𝒄 + 𝟎. 𝟑𝒇𝒄 𝒃𝒘 𝒅𝒑 + 𝑽𝒑

𝟏
𝒆
𝑽𝒑 = 𝑷𝒆 𝑺𝒊𝒏 𝜶 𝜶 = 𝒕𝒂𝒏
𝑨

𝑒 225.147 𝑚𝑚
𝛼 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛 = 1.842°
𝐿 7000 𝑚𝑚

𝑉 = (1 − 20%)(3𝑥98.7 𝑚𝑚 )(1,303 𝑁/𝑚𝑚 ) 𝑆𝑖𝑛 1.842° = 9,921.218 𝑁

𝑷𝒆 (1 − 20%)(3𝑥98.7 𝑚𝑚 )(1,303 𝑁/𝑚𝑚 )

𝒇𝒄 = − =− = −1.929 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝑨 160,000 𝑚𝑚

𝑉 = 0.3 1.0 34.5 𝑁/𝑚𝑚 + 0.3[−1.929 𝑁/𝑚𝑚 ] (200 𝑚𝑚)(475.147 𝑚𝑚) + 9,921.218 𝑁

𝑉 = 160,874.5664 𝑁

𝑽𝒄 = 𝒎𝒊𝒏(𝑽𝒄𝒊 𝒐𝒓 𝑽𝒄𝒘 )

𝑉 = 79,738.763 𝑁

𝟏
𝑽𝒖 = 𝟎. 𝟏𝑷𝒖 ≥ 𝝓𝑽𝒄
𝟐

1
𝑉 = 0.1𝑃 ≥ (0.75)(79,738.763 𝑁)
2

𝑉 = 0.1𝑃 = 20,796.9 𝑁 < 29,902.036 𝑁

𝑻𝒉𝒆𝒓𝒆𝒇𝒐𝒓𝒆; 𝑵𝒐 𝑺𝒉𝒆𝒂𝒓 𝒓𝒆𝒊𝒏𝒇𝒐𝒓𝒄𝒆𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝒊𝒔 𝒓𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒊𝒓𝒆𝒅

Prepared by: Engr. Andro S. Rebuyas, RCE, ME-1, SO2, RMP, RME, PE-1, M.Eng-SE│ NEW ERA UNIVERSITY P a g e |8
 NEW ERA UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE
#9 Central Avenue, New Era, Quezon City

4. Check maximum crack width for the beam and determine if it is acceptable for humid areas. (Will be discuss on Final Term)

𝑵𝒂𝒘𝒚 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝑯𝒖𝒂𝒏𝒈 𝟏𝟗𝟕𝟕; 𝑵𝒂𝒘𝒚 𝟏𝟗𝟖𝟗𝒂

𝟓
𝑨𝒕
𝒘𝒎𝒂𝒙 = 𝜶𝒘 𝒙 𝟏𝟎 (𝜟𝒇𝒔 ), 𝒎𝒊𝒍𝒍𝒊𝒎𝒆𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒔
𝜮𝒐

𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒;

𝐴 = 𝑐𝑚
𝛴 = 𝑐𝑚
𝛥𝑓 = 𝑀𝑝𝑎

𝛼 = 8.48 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑝𝑟𝑒 − 𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑑

𝛼 = 9.44 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑡 − 𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑑
𝛼 = 4.00 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑠 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ 𝑓′ > 70 𝑀𝑃𝑎

𝑨𝒕 = 𝟐𝒉′(𝒃𝒘 )

𝒉 = 𝒉𝒘 𝒇 − 𝒅𝒑

ℎ′ = 600 𝑚𝑚 − 475.147 𝑚𝑚 = 124.826 𝑚𝑚 𝑜𝑟 12.5 𝑐𝑚 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒; 𝑏 = 200 𝑚𝑚 𝑜𝑟 20.0 𝑐𝑚

𝐴 = 2(12.5 𝑐𝑚)(20.0 𝑐𝑚) = 500 𝑐𝑚

𝜮𝒐 = 𝑵𝒔 [𝝅𝑫𝒔 ]

𝛴 = 3[𝜋(1.27 𝑐𝑚)] = 11.969 𝑐𝑚 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒; 𝐷 = 12.7 𝑚𝑚 𝑜𝑟 1.27 𝑐𝑚

𝐴𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝛥𝑓 = 207 𝑀𝑃𝑎

𝐴
𝑤 = 𝛼 𝑥 10 (𝛥𝑓 ), 𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑠
𝛴

𝐴 500 𝑐𝑚
𝑤 = 8.48 𝑥 10 (𝛥𝑓 ) = 8.48 𝑥 10 (207 𝑀𝑃𝑎) = 0.733 𝑚𝑚
𝛴 11.969 𝑐𝑚

𝑻𝒉𝒆𝒓𝒆𝒇𝒐𝒓𝒆: 𝒘𝒎𝒂𝒙 = 𝟎. 𝟕𝟑𝟑 𝒎𝒎 > 𝟎. 𝟑𝟎 𝒎𝒎 (𝑵𝒐𝒕 𝒂𝒄𝒄𝒆𝒑𝒕𝒂𝒃𝒍𝒆)

Prepared by: Engr. Andro S. Rebuyas, RCE, ME-1, SO2, RMP, RME, PE-1, M.Eng-SE│ NEW ERA UNIVERSITY P a g e |9
 NEW ERA UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE
#9 Central Avenue, New Era, Quezon City

5. Using only the non-sway magnification factor for a single cantilever column, determine the maximum lever arm for the 𝟎. 𝟏𝑷𝒖 load, so
that the column not fail due to its slenderness.

𝑲 = 𝟎. 𝟐𝟎 𝒇𝒐𝒓 𝒄𝒂𝒏𝒕𝒊𝒍𝒆𝒗𝒆𝒓 𝒄𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒎𝒏

𝐻 = 𝐿 = 3.0 𝑚

𝒓 = 𝟎. 𝟑𝟎 𝒉𝑿

𝑟 = 0.30 (0.40 𝑚) = 0.120 𝑚

𝑲𝑳𝒖 0.20(3.0 𝑚)
= = 5 < 40 (𝑙𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑛𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑤𝑎𝑦 𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑛𝑠)
𝒓 0.120 𝑚

𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒; 𝑀 /𝑀 = −1.0 𝑆𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑒

𝐾𝐿 𝑀
≤ 34 + 12 = 34 + 12(−1.0) = 22 (𝑆𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑟 𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑛)
𝑟 𝑀

𝑪𝒎
𝜹𝒏𝒔 = ≥ 𝟏. 𝟎
𝑷𝒖
𝟏−
𝟎. 𝟕𝟓𝑷𝒄

𝑴𝟏
𝑪𝒎 = 𝟎. 𝟔𝟎 − 𝟎. 𝟒 ≥ 𝟎. 𝟒𝟎
𝑴𝟐

𝐶 = 0.60 − 0.4(−1.0) = 1.0 > 0.40

𝑃 = 176.346 𝑘𝑁 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡 1

𝝅𝟐 𝑬𝑰
𝑷𝒄 =
(𝑲𝑳𝒖 )𝟐

𝟎.𝟒𝟎 𝑬𝒄 𝑰𝒈
𝑬𝑰 =
𝟏 𝜷𝒅

1.2 𝑃
𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒; 𝛽 =
1.2 𝑃 + 1.6 𝑃

𝟏. 𝟐 𝑷𝑫
𝜷𝒅 =
𝟏. 𝟐 𝑷𝑫 + 𝟏. 𝟔(𝟏. 𝟓 𝑷𝑫 )

𝑀 = 39.283 𝑘𝑁. 𝑚

𝑴𝑫 = 𝑷𝑫 𝑳

39.283 𝑘𝑁. 𝑚 = 𝑃 (7.0 𝑚)

𝑃 = 5.612 𝑘𝑁

𝑀 = 1.50𝑀 = 1.50(39.283 𝑘𝑁. 𝑚)

𝑀 = 58.9245 𝑘𝑁. 𝑚

𝑴𝑳 = 𝑷𝑳𝑳

58.9245 𝑘𝑁. 𝑚 = 𝑃 (7.0 𝑚)

𝑃 = 8.418 𝑘𝑁

1.2 (5.612 𝑘𝑁)

𝛽 = = 0.250
1.2 (5.612 𝑘𝑁) + 1.6[1.5 (8.418 𝑘𝑁)]

(400 𝑚𝑚)
0.40 4,700 34.5 𝑁/𝑚𝑚
12
𝐸𝐼 = = 1.8846 𝑥 10 𝑁. 𝑚𝑚
1 + 0.250

𝝅𝟐 𝑬𝑰
𝑷𝒄 =
(𝑲𝑳𝒖 )𝟐

𝜋 (1.8846 𝑥 10 𝑁. 𝑚𝑚 )
𝑃 = = 516,673,790.4 𝑁 𝑜𝑟 516,673.7904 𝑘𝑁
(0.2𝑥3000 𝑚𝑚)

𝑪𝒎
𝜹𝒏𝒔 = ≥ 𝟏. 𝟎
𝑷𝒖
𝟏−
𝟎. 𝟕𝟓𝑷𝒄

1.0
𝛿 = ≥ 1.0
207.969 𝑘𝑁
1−
0.75(516,673.7904 𝑘𝑁)

𝛿 = 1.00436975 > 1.0 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒; 𝑀 =𝛿 𝑀

𝐿 7.0 𝑚
𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒 𝑙𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑟 𝑎𝑟𝑚 = = = 𝟔. 𝟗𝟗𝟔 𝒎
𝛿 1.00436975

Prepared by: Engr. Andro S. Rebuyas, RCE, ME-1, SO2, RMP, RME, PE-1, M.Eng-SE│ NEW ERA UNIVERSITY P a g e | 10