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Learning Area: English 7 Quarter: IV

Lesson No.: 1 Date:
Lesson Title/Topic: Analyzing linguistic features: Problem-Solution Expository Text
Name: Grade &
Section:

I. Learning Competency: Evaluate informational text in a range of media (spoken, written, visual, and multimedia) for clarity of
meaning, purpose, form, and function.

II. Objectives:
1. Identify the problem and the solution in expository texts.
2. Write a possible problem and solution of a chosen topic.
3. Use correct transitional markers in problem – solution expository texts.

III. Content
Analyzing Linguistic Features: Problem – Solution Expository Text

A problem-solution pattern divides information into two main sections, one that describes a problem and one that describes a
solution. This pattern is typically used in persuasive writing, where the writer's general purpose is to convince the reader to
support a certain course of action.
Take Note:
Problem – a situation that requires to be solved or to be overcome.
Solution – is an answer to, or it is what addresses the problem.

In a linguistic feature: a Problem and solution- is a format of writing where written text is laid out to show different problems
and then how the problem is solved.
In short, it presents a problem and proposes a possible solution.

Problem-solution text structure is a way of organizing information in written text where a problem is presented and followed by
one or more potential solutions to address a problem.

This structure is commonly used in various types of writing, including essays, articles, reports, and speeches, particularly in fields
like persuasive writing, argumentative writing, and technical writing.

 It uses discipline-specific words A discipline-specific word refers to a r term or vocabulary that is unique to a particular field
of study or discipline. These words are often technical or specialized in nature and are used by professionals, researchers,
and practitioners within that specific field.
 The tone used in problem-solution texts is typically objective, persuasive, and authoritative.
 The target audience of problem-solution texts can be diverse and may include a combination of stakeholders, decision-makers,
the general public, experts, professionals, educators, and students, depending on the specific goals and objectives of the writing.
 The language, tone, and level of technical detail may be tailored to meet the needs and expectations of the intended audience.

There are also a few signal words which may indicate that information in a passage is ordered in the problem and solution pattern
of organization: propose, solution, answer, issue, problem, problematic, remedy, prevention, and fix.
Source: https://www.ereadingworksheets.com/text-structure/patterns-of-organization/problem

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Example:

"Many students find it hard to wake up early for school. This is a problem because they sleep very late at night. One possible
solution is to set an alarm before sleeping. Therefore, they will wake up on time for school."

✅ Problem: Many students find it hard to wake up early for school.

✅ Solution: To set an alarm before sleeping.

"Many students forget to bring their school supplies, which makes it hard for them to complete their work. One way to solve this
problem is to pack their bags the night before school."

✅ Problem: Many students forget to bring their school supplies.

✅ Solution: Pack their bags the night before school.

IV. Activity 1. Signal Word Search

Directions: Below is a paragraph with missing words. Choose the correct problem-solution signal words from the word bank to
complete the passage.

therefore, because, since, issue, solution

Passage 1:
The increasing amount of plastic waste in the environment has become a major (1) _________. This happens (2)
_________ people improperly dispose of plastic products. One possible (3) _________ is to implement strict recycling laws. (4)
_________, many organizations encourage people to use reusable materials instead of plastic.

because, problem, one possible solution, therefore

Passage 2:
Many students find it difficult to finish their homework on time. This is a (1) _________ since they spend too much time
playing games or watching TV. (2) __________ they do not manage their time well, they rush to complete their work at the last
minute. (3) ____________ is to create a study schedule and set a time for doing homework. (4) _________, they can complete
their tasks without feeling rushed.

V. Activity 2. Identifying Problems and Solutions

Directions: Read each following short passage. Identify the problem and solution.

1. Many students struggle with time management, leading to incomplete assignments and poor performance. To solve this,
teachers recommend using a planner to organize daily tasks and set priorities.

Problem:
________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Solution:
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________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. Many animals lose their homes due to deforestation, which affects the balance of nature. One way to solve this is by planting
more trees and protecting forests from illegal logging.

Problem:
________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Solution:
________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. During typhoons, strong winds and heavy rains damage houses and put people in danger. To reduce these risks, families should
strengthen their homes and prepare emergency kits before the storm arrives.

Problem:
________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Solution:
________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. Heavy rainfall often causes flooding in low-lying areas, destroying homes and displacing families. To prevent this,
communities should build better drainage systems and plant more trees to absorb excess rainwater.

Problem:
________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Solution:
________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. During summer, extreme heat causes dehydration and heatstroke, especially among children and the elderly. To prevent this,
people should drink plenty of water and avoid going outside during the hottest hours of the day.

Problem:
________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Solution:
________________________________________________________________________________________________________

VI. Activity 3. Supplying the Problem or Solution

Directions: Fill in the missing part of each statement by providing either the problem or the solution based on the given
information.

1. Problem: ____________________________________________________________________________.
Solution: The government should implement stricter rules on waste disposal to keep the environment clean.

2. Problem: Many rivers and lakes are polluted due to improper waste disposal.
Solution: _____________________________________________________________________________.

3. Problem: ___________________________________________________________________________.
Solution: To reduce air pollution, people should use public transportation or ride bicycles instead of driving cars every day.

4. Problem: Farmers experience poor harvests because of extreme droughts.

Solution: _____________________________________________________________________________.

5. Problem: Many marine animals die from eating plastic waste in the ocean.
Solution: _____________________________________________________________________________.

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 Learning Area: English 7 Quarter: IV
Lesson No.: 2 Date:
Lesson Title/Topic: Evaluating expository essay (problem and solution) for clarity of meaning and purpose
Name: Grade &
Section:

I. Learning Competency: Evaluate informational text in a range of media (spoken, written, visual, and multimedia) for clarity
of meaning, purpose, form, and function.

II. Objectives:
1. Identify the main idea of the provided paragraphs.
2. Present the main idea by quoting, paraphrasing, and summarizing the given passages.

III. Content
Evaluating Expository Essay for Clarity of Meaning and Purpose

The MAIN IDEA refers to the central concept or primary point that a piece of writing, speech, or other form of
communication aims to convey. It tells the most important information or message that the author or speaker wants the audience
to understand.

HOW DO WE GET THE MAIN IDEA?

1. Read the text thoroughly.

2. Identify the topic.
3. Look for the author's purpose.
4. Find the central point.
5. Summarize the text.
6. Distinguish between main ideas and supporting details.
7. Consider the text's structure.
8. Use context clues.
9. Ask questions: What is the author trying to say?" or "What is the central point of this passage?"

Example:

“Bees are essential to the environment because they pollinate flowers, which helps plants grow and produce fruits. Without
bees, many plants would not be able to reproduce. Bees collect nectar and pollen while moving from one flower to another,
transferring pollen and fertilizing the plants. This process is critical for producing food and supporting biodiversity in
ecosystems.”

Main Idea: Bees play a vital role in pollinating flowers, which helps plants grow and produce food. Without bees, many plants
wouldn’t be able to reproduce, making them essential for food production and biodiversity.

Question(s): What is the main idea of a text? How does one identify the main idea of a text?

Note:
The main idea can be found by examining the facts presented in the text, such as dates, figures, statistical reports, or
research findings. Another way is by considering the opinions expressed in the text. This can be achieved through quoting,
paraphrasing, and summarizing.

THE QSP: QUOTE, SUMMARIZE AND PARAPHRASE

Original Text:

"Books are a wonderful source of knowledge and entertainment. They can take us to new worlds, teach us about
history, or help us learn new things. Reading regularly improves vocabulary and writing skills, making it an important
habit for students."

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 A. Quoting in the context of discussing the main idea typically refers to the act of directly citing or referencing specific
language or passages from a text to support the main idea. When analyzing a text to determine its main idea, quoting can
be a valuable technique for providing evidence or examples that reinforce the central concept being conveyed.

Quoted: The text says, “Books are a wonderful source of knowledge and entertainment."

B. Summarizing involves condensing the main points, ideas, and arguments of a text into a concise and coherent form.
When finding the main idea, summarizing allows you to distill the most important information and central message of the
text without including unnecessary details. By summarizing, you can identify the core essence of the text and articulate
its main idea in your own words, focusing on the key concepts and overarching themes.

Summarized:
Books provide knowledge and entertainment, improving vocabulary and writing skills. Reading regularly is
important for students.

C. Paraphrasing involves restating information from the original text in your own words while retaining the original
meaning. When finding the main idea, paraphrasing allows you to rephrase key sentences or phrases from the text in
order to gain a deeper understanding of the main concept.

Paraphrased:
Books are a great way to gain knowledge and have fun. They can introduce us to different places, teach us about
the past, and help us learn. Regular reading can also help improve our vocabulary and writing skills, which is especially
useful for students.

IV. Activity 1. What’s the Point?

Direction: Find the main idea of the following passages. Write your answer on the space provided inside the box.
(5 points each)

1. Eating a variety of fruits and vegetables is essential for good health. They provide vitamins, minerals, and fiber that the
body needs to function properly. Fruits and vegetables can help prevent diseases like heart disease and cancer. They also
support digestion and keep the skin healthy. Eating a colorful variety ensures that you get a wide range of nutrients.

_________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________

2. Reading is one of the most important skills a person can develop. It helps improve vocabulary, comprehension, and
knowledge. Through reading, people can learn about different cultures, ideas, and historical events. It also helps students
develop better writing skills and enhances imagination. Reading regularly opens the door to new experiences, even if
you're just reading about them in books.

_________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
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V. Activity 2. Quote, Paraphrase Summarize!
Direction: Read the paragraph below. Then quote, summarize and paraphrase the passage to present the main idea. Write
your answers on the boxes provided. Your answers may vary. (5 points each)

Original Text
"Dogs are loyal animals and make great pets. They are known for
being friendly and loving towards their owners. Many people enjoy
having dogs because they can be playful and protective. Dogs also help
people in different ways, like guiding people who are blind or helping
police officers.”

Quoted Summarized

Paraphrased

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 Learning Area: English 7 Quarter: IV
Lesson No.: 3 Date:
Lesson Title/Topic: Verbal and Non-Verbal Communication
Name: Grade &
Section:

I. Learning Competency: Use the appropriate oral language, stance and behaviour when giving information, instructions, making
explanations, and narrating events in factual and personal recounts.

II. Objectives:
1. Define and identify what are Verbal and Non Verbal Communication
2. Identify the different types of Verbal Communication

III. Content
Verbal and Non-Verbal Communication
 Communication is a two-way process. It is about passing information from one person to another.
This means that both the sending and the receiving of the message are equally important.
 Verbal Communication is a type of oral communication wherein the message is transmitted through the
spoken words. It is the use of words to share information with other people. Verbal communication is about
language, both written and spoken Examples:
 Enunciating each word you speak clearly
 Telling stories to capture an audience
 Speaking at a moderate pace, not too fast or too slowly
 Nonverbal communication refers to gestures, facial expressions, tone of voice, eye contact (or lack thereof),
body language, posture, and other ways people can communicate without using language. Nonverbal
communication refers to communication that occurs through means other than words, such as body language,
gestures, and silence. Example:
 Smile to indicate that you are amused or pleased with the conversation.
 Nod to demonstrate understanding.
 Shake hands firmly without excessive force.

A substantial portion of our communication is nonverbal. Experts have found that every day we respond to thousands
of nonverbal cues and behaviors including postures, facial expressions, eye gaze, gestures, and tone of voice. From
our handshakes to our hairstyles, nonverbal details reveal who we are and impact how we relate to other people.
 The Eyes -As you engage in conversation with another person, taking note of eye movements is a natural and
important part of the communication process.
 The Mouth- Mouth expressions and movements can also be essential in reading body language. For example,
chewing on the bottom lip may indicate that the individual is experiencing feelings of worry, fear, or
insecurity.
 Gestures can be some of the most direct and obvious body language signals. Waving, pointing, and using the
fingers to indicate numerical amounts are all very common and easy to understand gestures.
 The arms and legs can also be useful in conveying nonverbal information. Crossing the arms can indicate
defensiveness. Crossing legs away from another person may indicate dislike or discomfort with that
individual.
 Posture can convey a wealth of information about how a person is feeling as well as hints about personality
characteristics, such as whether a person is confident, open, or submissive.
 Personal Space- is the space you give when you are having a conversation with someone.

Verbal communication include sounds, words, language, and speech. Speaking is an effective way of communicating
and helps in expressing our emotions in words. This form of communication is further classified into four types, which
are:

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1. Intrapersonal Communication
This form of communication is extremely private and restricted to ourselves. It includes the silent conversations we
have with ourselves, wherein we juggle roles between the sender and receiver who are processing our thoughts and
actions. This process of communication when analyzed can either be conveyed verbally to someone or stay confined
as thoughts.
2. Interpersonal Communication
This form of communication takes place between two individuals and is thus a one-on-one conversation. Here, the two
individuals involved will swap their roles of sender and receiver in order to communicate in a clearer manner.

3. Small Group Communication

This type of communication can take place only when there are more than two people involved. Here the number of
people will be small enough to allow each participant to interact and converse with the rest. Press conferences, board
meetings, and team meetings are examples of group communication. Unless a specific issue is being discussed, small
group discussions can become chaotic and difficult to interpret by everybody. This lag in understanding information
completely can result in miscommunication.

4. Public Communication
This type of communication takes place when one individual addresses a large gathering of people. Election
campaigns and public speeches are example of this type of communication. In such cases, there is usually a single
sender of information and several receivers who are being addressed.

IV. Activity 1.
Directions: Identify whether the following statement uses Verbal Communication or Nonverbal Communication. Write
VC if it’s Verbal Communication and write NVC if it is Nonverbal communication.

_______1. Stay calm even when you’re nervous

_______2. Speaking confidently but with modesty
_______3. Selecting language appropriate to the audience
_______4. Smiling and eye contact
_______5. Slouching white sitting or standing
_______6. Speaking at a moderate pace, not too fast or too slowly
_______7. Projecting your voice to fill the room
_______8. Standing or sitting properly
_______9. Varying you vocal tone while speaking
_______10. Sitting or standing close to the speaker
_______11. Establish frequent but not continuous or piercing eye contact with interviewers
_______12. Speaking clearly and at a moderate pace.
_______13. Smiling to show happiness.
_______14. Nodding your head while listening.
_______15. Waving hello to a friend.

V. Activity 2. Identifying Types of Verbal Communication

A. Directions: Identify what type of verbal communication is used in each sentence. Choose from the choices below.

A. Intrapersonal Communication B. Interpersonal Communication

C. Small Group Communication D. Public Communication.

_______1. He/she was thinking about what he/she should do next, but couldn’t decide yet.
_______2. They were talking to each other about what happened at the meeting yesterday.
_______3. The teacher is explaining the lesson to the class, and everyone is listening carefully.

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_______4. He/she had a conversation with his/her best friend about what they should do for the weekend.
_______5. The politician gave a speech at the rally to the thousands of people gathered outside.
_______6. During their team meeting, everyone discussed their ideas about the project they were working on.
_______7. He/she asked himself/herself if he/she should study tonight or just relax.
_______8. A group of friends met up to talk about their plans for a group trip.
_______9. The president addressed the nation on TV to explain the government’s new policy.
_______10. He/she and a friend were discussing the movie they saw last weekend.
_______11. In their small class discussion, they all shared their opinions on the book they were reading.
_______12. He/she was thinking about how he/she felt about the situation but didn’t speak to anyone about it.
_______13. During the community meeting, local residents gathered to talk about improving public services.
_______14. The coach gave a motivational speech before the game, encouraging the whole team.
_______15. They had a group chat where they all talked about the homework assignment.

B. Identify the following pictures if it is Verbal or Non-Verbal Communication.

_______ 1. _______4.

_______2. _______ 5.

_______3.

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