2019 AMC 10B

Problem 1

𝟓
Alicia had two containers. The first was full of water and the second was empty. She poured all
𝟔
the water from the first container into the second container, at which point the second container
𝟑
was full of water. What is the ratio of the volume of the first container to the volume of the
𝟒
second container?

Problem 2

Consider the statement, "If is not prime, then is prime." Which of the following values
of is a counterexample to this statement?

Problem 3

In a high school with students, of the seniors play a musical instrument,

while of the non-seniors do not play a musical instrument. In all, of the students do
not play a musical instrument. How many non-seniors play a musical instrument?

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Problem 4

All lines with equation such that form an arithmetic progression pass
through a common point. What are the coordinates of that point?

Problem 5

Triangle lies in the first quadrant. Points , , and are reflected across the
line to points , , and , respectively. Assume that none of the vertices of the
triangle lie on the line . Which of the following statements is not always true?

Triangle lies in the first quadrant.

Triangles and have the same area.

The slope of line is .

The slopes of lines and are the same.

Lines and are perpendicular to each other.

Problem 6

There is a real such that

What is the sum of the digits of ?

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Problem 7

Each piece of candy in a store costs a whole number of cents. Casper has exactly enough money
to buy either 12 pieces of red candy, 14 pieces of green candy, 15 pieces of blue candy,
or pieces of purple candy. A piece of purple candy costs 20 cents. What is the smallest
possible value of ?

Problem 8

The figure below shows a square and four equilateral triangles, with each triangle having a side
lying on a side of the square, such that each triangle has side length 2 and the third vertices of the
triangles meet at the center of the square. The region inside the square but outside the triangles is
shaded. What is the area of the shaded region?

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Problem 9

The function is defined by

for all real numbers , where denotes the greatest integer less than or equal to the real
number . What is the range of ?

Problem 10

In a given plane, points and are units apart. How many points are there in the plane
such that the perimeter of is units and the area of is square units?

Problem 11

Two jars each contain the same number of marbles, and every marble is either blue or green. In
Jar 1 the ratio of blue to green marbles is 𝟗 ∶ 𝟏, and the ratio of blue to green marbles in Jar 2 is
𝟖 ∶ 𝟏. There are 95 green marbles in all. How many more blue marbles are in Jar 1 than in Jar 2?

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Problem 12

What is the greatest possible sum of the digits in the base-seven representation of a positive
integer less than ?

Problem 13

What is the sum of all real numbers for which the median of the numbers and is
equal to the mean of those five numbers?

Problem 14

The base-ten representation for is , where , ,

and denote digits that are not given. What is ?

Problem 15

Two right triangles, and , have areas of 1 and 2, respectively. One side length of one
triangle is congruent to a different side length in the other, and another side length of the first
triangle is congruent to yet another side length in the other. What is the product of the third side
lengths of and ?

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Problem 16

In with a right angle at point lies in the interior of and point lies in the
interior of so that and the ratio What is
the ratio

Problem 17

A red ball and a green ball are randomly and independently tossed into bins numbered with
positive integers so that for each ball, the probability that it is tossed into
bin is for What is the probability that the red ball is tossed into a
higher-numbered bin than the green ball?

Problem 18

3
Henry decides one morning to do a workout, and he walks of the way from his home to his
4
gym. The gym is kilometers away from Henry's home. At that point, he changes his mind and
3
walks of the way from where he is back toward home. When he reaches that point, he changes
4
3
his mind again and walks of the distance from there back toward the gym. If Henry keeps
4
3
changing his mind when he has walked of the distance toward either the gym or home from the
4
point where he last changed his mind, he will get very close to walking back and forth between a
point kilometers from home and a point kilometers from home. What is ?

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Problem 19

Let be the set of all positive integer divisors of How many numbers are the product
of two distinct elements of

Problem 20

As shown in the figure, line segment is trisected by points and so

that Three semicircles of radius and have

their diameters on and are tangent to line at and respectively. A circle of
radius has its center on The area of the region inside the circle but outside the three

semicircles, shaded in the figure, can be expressed in the form

where and are positive integers and and are relatively prime. What
is ?

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Problem 21

Debra flips a fair coin repeatedly, keeping track of how many heads and how many tails she has
seen in total, until she gets either two heads in a row or two tails in a row, at which point she
stops flipping. What is the probability that she gets two heads in a row but she sees a second tail
before she sees a second head?

Problem 22

Raashan, Sylvia, and Ted play the following game. Each starts with . A bell rings
every seconds, at which time each of the players who currently have money simultaneously
chooses one of the other two players independently and at random and gives to that player.
What is the probability that after the bell has rung times, each player will have ? (For
example, Raashan and Ted may each decide to give to Sylvia, and Sylvia may decide to give
her her dollar to Ted, at which point Raashan will have , Sylvia will have , and Ted will
have , and that is the end of the first round of play. In the second round Rashaan has no
money to give, but Sylvia and Ted might choose each other to give their to, and the holdings
will be the same at the end of the second round.)

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Problem 23

Points and lie on circle in the plane. Suppose that the tangent lines
to at and intersect at a point on the -axis. What is the area of ?

Problem 24

Define a sequence recursively by and

for all nonnegative integers Let be the least positive integer such that

In which of the following intervals does lie?

Problem 25

How many sequences of s and s of length are there that begin with a , end with
a , contain no two consecutive s, and contain no three consecutive s?

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Answer Key
1. D
2. E
3. B
4. A
5. E
6. C
7. B
8. B
9. A
10. A
11. A
12. C
13. A
14. C
15. A
16. A
17. C
18. C
19. C
20. E
21. B
22. B
23. C
24. C
25. C

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