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Python Testing Cookbook
Second Edition

Easy solutions to test your Python projects using test-driven

development and Selenium
Greg L. Turnquist
Bhaskar N. Das

BIRMINGHAM - MUMBAI
Python Testing Cookbook
Second Edition
Copyright © 2018 Packt Publishing

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or
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First published: May 2011

Second edition: June 2018

Production reference: 1290618

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B3 2PB, UK.

978-1-78712-252-9

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Contributors
About the authors
Greg L. Turnquist has worked in the software industry since 1997.
He is an active participant in the open source community and has
contributed patches to several projects, including MythTV, Spring
Security, MediaWiki, and the TestNG Eclipse plugin. As a test-
obsessed script junky, he has always sought the right tool for the
job. He is a firm believer in agile practices and automated testing.
He has developed distributed systems and LAMP-based setups, and
he has supported mission-critical systems hosted on various
platforms.
After graduating from Auburn University with a master's in computer
engineering, Greg started working with the Harris Corporation. He
worked on many contracts utilizing many types of technology. In
2006, he created the Spring Python project and went on to write
Spring Python 1.1 in 2010. He joined SpringSource, a division of
VMware in 2010, as part of its international software development
team.

Bhaskar N. Das has 8 years' experience in various projects

involving application development, maintenance, and support with
IBM. He has worked in various technologies and domains including
Java, Python, application servers, the cloud, and various database
technologies. His domain expertise includes finance and asset
management (IT and finance assets). His areas of interest include
big data, business finance optimization and scaling, data science,
and Machine Learning.
About the reviewers
Maurice HT Ling is a Research Assistant Professor at the Perdana
University School of Data Sciences. He obtained his BSc.(Hons.) in
Molecular and Cell Biology from The University of Melbourne,
Australia, in 2004, and his BSc. in Computing from the University of
Portsmouth, United Kingdom, in 2007, before obtaining his Ph.D. in
Bioinformatics from The University of Melbourne, Australia, in 2009.
He is a bioinformatician who is currently working on looking at
evolutionary biology and various aspects of life. His main techniques
involve experimental evolution and simulations, such as artificial life
simulation, for accessing evolutionary perspectives, and using
existing published data. He has developed computational algorithms
as part of this research. He has a wide range of other interests,
including professional and social aspects of science and education,
and studies this area using autoethnographical and autobiographical
methods. He co-founded Python User Group (Singapore), and has
been instrumental in inaugurating PyCon Asia-Pacific as one of the 3
major Python conferences worldwide, together with PyCon US and
EuroPython. On the commercial side, he is the principal partner of
Colossus Technologies LLP, Singapore. In his free time, he likes to
read, enjoy a cup of coffee, writing his personal journal, or
philosophizing on various aspects of life.
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Table of Contents
Title Page

Copyright and Credits

Python Testing Cookbook Second Edition

Packt Upsell

Why subscribe?

PacktPub.com

Contributors

About the authors

About the reviewers

Packt is searching for authors like you

Preface

Who this book is for

What this book covers

To get the most out of this book

Download the example code files

Conventions used

Sections

Getting ready

How to do it…

How it works…

There's more…

See also

Get in touch

Reviews
1. Using Unittest to Develop Basic Tests

Introduction

Asserting the basics

Getting ready

How to do it...

How it works...

There's more...

assertEquals is preferred over assertTrue and assertFalse

self.fail([msg]) can usually be rewritten with assertions

Our version of Python can impact our options

Setting up and tearing down a test harness

How to do it...

How it works...

Running test cases from the command line

How to do it...

How it works...

There's more...

Running a subset of test case methods

How to do it...

How it works...

Chaining together a suite of tests

How to do it...

How it works...
There's more...

The name of the test case should be significant

Defining test suites inside the test module

How to do it...
How it works...

There's more...
Test suite methods must be outside of the test class

Why have different suites?

optparse is being phased out and replaced by argparse

Retooling old test code to run inside unittest

How to do it...

How it works...
There's more...
 Where are the bugs?
FunctionTestCase is a temporary measure

Breaking down obscure tests into simple ones

How to do it...

How it works...
There's more...

Where is the bug?

What is the right size for a test method?

Unittests versus integration tests

Testing the edges

How to do it...
How it works...

There's more...
Identifying the edges is important

Testing for unexpected conditions

Testing corner cases by iteration

How to do it...
How it works...

There's more...
Does this defy the recipe – breaking down obscure

tests into simple ones?

How does this compare with the recipe – testing th

e edges?
See also
2. Running Automated Test Suites with Nose
Introduction

Getting nosy with testing

How to do it...

How it works...
There's more...
Nose is extensible

Nose is embeddable
See also
Embedding nose inside Python
How to do it...

How it works...
There's more...
Writing a nose extension to pick tests based on regular expressions
Getting ready

How to do it...
How it works...
There's more...
Writing a nose extension to generate a CSV report

Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...
There's more...

Writing a project-level script that lets you run different test suites
How to do it...
How it works...
There's more...

Why use getopt instead of optparse?

3. Creating Testable Documentation with doctest
Introduction
Documenting the basics

How to do it...
How it works...
There's more...

Catching stack traces

How to do it...
How it works...
Running a doctest from the command line

How to do it...
How it works...
Coding a test harness for doctest
How to do it...

How it works...
There's more...
Filtering out test noise
How to do it...

How it works...
There's more...
Printing out all your documentation including a status report
How to do it...

How it works...
There's more...
Testing the edges
How to do it...

How it works...
There's more...
See also
Testing corner cases by iteration

How to do it...
How it works...
Does this type of test fit better into doctest or unittest?
See also

Getting nosy with doctest

Getting ready
 How to do it...
How it works...

Updating the project-level script to run this chapter's doctests

How to do it...
How it works...
There's more...
4. Testing Customer Stories with Behavior-Driven Development
Introduction

Naming tests that sound like sentences and stories

Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...

There's more...
Testing separate doctest documents
Getting ready 
How to do it...

How it works...
There's more...

Doesn't this defy the usability of docstrings?

Writing a testable story with doctest

Getting ready

How to do it...

How it works...
There's more...

Writing a testable novel with doctest

Getting ready

How to do it...

How it works...
There's more...

Writing a testable story with Voidspace Mock and nose

Getting ready
How to do it...

How it works...
There's more...

Tell me more about the spec nose plugin!

Why didn't we reuse the plugin from the recipe "Naming tests s
o they sound like sentences and stories"?

See also

Writing a testable story with mockito and nose

Getting ready

How to do it...
How it works...
 See also

Writing a testable story with Lettuce

Getting ready...

How to do it...

How it works...
There's more...

How complex should a story be?

Don't mix wiring code with application code

Lettuce works great using folders

See also
Using Should DSL to write succinct assertions with Lettuce

Getting ready

How to do it...
How it works...

There's more...
See also

Updating the project-level script to run this chapter's BDD tests

Getting ready
How to do it...

How it works...

See also
5. High-Level Customer Scenarios with Acceptance Testing
Introduction

Installing Pyccuracy

How to do it...
How it works...

See also
Testing the basics with Pyccuracy

Getting ready

How to do it...
How it works...

There's more...

See also
Using Pyccuracy to verify web app security

Getting ready
How to do it...

How it works...

See also
Installing Robot Framework

How to do it...

There's more...
Creating a data-driven test suite with Robot Framework

Getting ready
How to do it...

How it works...

There's more...
Do I have to write HTML tables?

What are the best ways to write the code that implements our c

ustom keywords?
Robot Framework variables are Unicode

See also
Writing a testable story with Robot Framework

Getting ready

How to do it...
How it works...

There's more...

Given-When-Then results in duplicate rules

 Do the try-except blocks violate the idea of keeping things li

ght?
See also

Tagging Robot Framework tests and running a subset

Getting ready
How to do it...

How it works...

There's more...
What about documentation?

See also
Testing web basics with Robot Framework

Getting ready...

How to do it...
How it works...

There's more...

Learn about timing configurations – they may be im

portant!

See also
Using Robot Framework to verify web app security

Getting ready

How to do it...
How it works...

There's more...

Why not use a "remember me" option?

Shouldn't we refactor the first test scenario to use the keywo

rd?
Would arguments make the login keyword more flexible?

See also

Creating a project-level script to verify this chapter's acceptance tests

Getting ready

How to do it...

How it works...
There's more

Can we only use getopt?

What's wrong with using the various command-line tools?
6. Integrating Automated Tests with Continuous Integration
Introduction

Generating a CI report for Jenkins using NoseXUnit

Getting ready
How to do it...

How it works...
Configuring Jenkins to run Python tests upon commit

Getting ready

How to do it...
How it works...

There's more...

Do I have to use git for source code management?

What is the format of polling?

See also
Configuring Jenkins to run Python tests when scheduled

Getting ready

How to do it...
How it works...

There's more...

Jenkins versus TeamCity

See also

Generating a CI report for TeamCity using teamcity-nose

Getting ready

How to do it...

How it works...
Configuring TeamCity to run Python tests upon commit

Getting ready

How to do it...
How it works...

There's more...
What did teamcity-nose give us?

See also

Configuring TeamCity to run Python tests when scheduled

Getting ready

How to do it...

How it works...
See also
7. Measuring Your Success with Test Coverage
Introduction

Building a network management application

How to do it...
How it works...

Installing and running coverage on your test suite

How to do it...
There's more...

Why are there no asserts in unittest?

Generating an HTML report using coverage

How to do it...

How it works...
Generating an XML report using coverage

How to do it...

How it works...
What use is an XML report?

See also
Getting nosy with coverage

How to do it...

How it works...
There's more...

Why use the nose plugin instead of the coverage tool directly?

Why are SQLite3 and Spring Python included?

Filtering out test noise from coverage

How to do it...

How it works...

There's more...
See also

Letting Jenkins get nosy with coverage

Getting ready

How to do it...

How it works...
There's more...

Nose doesn't directly support coverage's XML option

Updating the project-level script to provide coverage reports

Getting ready
How to do it...
How it works...

There's more...

Can we only use getopt?

8. Smoke/Load Testing – Testing Major Parts

Introduction

Defining a subset of test cases using import statements

How to do it...

How it works...

There's more...

Security, checking, and integration aren't smoke tests!

What provides good flexibility?

See also

Leaving out integration tests

How to do it...

How it works...

There's more...
Should a smoke test include integration or unit tests?

See also

Targeting end-to-end scenarios

Getting ready

How to do it...

How it works...
There's more...

How does this define smoke tests?

See also

Targeting the test server

Getting ready
How to do it...

How it works...

There's more...

How likely is it that a development and production environment

would use two different database systems?

This isn't just confined to database systems

Coding a data simulator

Getting ready

How to do it...

How it works...

There's more...
Why does the server script initialize the database?
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