Probability and Conditional Probability
Probability and Conditional Probability
Day
2 3 4 6 2 3 20
1
Day
2 3 5 5 4 1 20
2
Day
3 3 4 5 3 2 20
3
Total 7 9 13 16 9 6 60
The same 20 contestants, on each of 3 days, answered 5 questions in order to win a prize. Each contestant received 1 point
for each correct answer. The number of contestants receiving a given score on each day is shown in the table above.
No contestant received the same score on two different days. If a contestant is
selected at random, what is the probability that the selected contestant received a
score of 5 on Day 2 or Day 3, given that the contestant received a score of 5 on
one of the three days?
ID: eccbf957
Each face of a fair -sided die is labeled with a number from through , with a different number appearing on each face.
If the die is rolled one time, what is the probability of rolling a ?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: b1b5300b
Prices of 14 Different Cars
Priced at no more Priced greater
Type of car Total
than $25,000 than $25,000
Nonhybrid 5 3 8
Hybrid 2 4 6
Total 7 7 14
The table above shows information about 14 cars listed for sale on an auto dealership’s website. If one of the
cars listed for sale is selected at random, what is the probability that the car selected will be a hybrid car
priced at no more than $25,000 ?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: 1353b86e
Colors of
Marbles in a Bag
Color Number
Red 8
Blue 10
Green 22
Total 40
The table shows the number of different colors of marbles in a bag. If a marble is
chosen at random from the bag, what is the probability that the marble will be
blue?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: d89c1513
Gasoline purchased 60 25 85
Total 90 40 135
On Tuesday, a local gas station had 135 customers. The table above summarizes
whether or not the customers on Tuesday purchased gasoline, a beverage, both, or
neither. Based on the data in the table, what is the probability that a gas station
customer selected at random on that day did not purchase gasoline?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: e1ad3d41
Eye color
Coat color
Deep blue Light brown Total
Cream-tortoiseshell 16 16 32
Chocolate 12 4 16
Total 28 20 48
The data on the coat color and eye color for 48 Himalayan kittens available for
adoption were collected and summarized in the table above. What fraction of the
chocolate-colored kittens has deep blue eyes?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: 46545dd6
Number of High School Students Who
Completed Summer Internships
High Year
school 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Foothill 87 80 75 76 70
Valley 44 54 65 76 82
The table above shows the number of students from two different high schools
who completed summer internships in each of five years. No student attended
both schools. Of the students who completed a summer internship in 2010, which
of the following represents the fraction of students who were from Valley High
School?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: 16cea46c
Countertenor 4
Tenor 6
Baritone 10
Bass 5
A total of 25 men registered for singing lessons. The frequency table shows how
many of these singers have certain voice types. If one of these singers is selected at
random, what is the probability he is a baritone?
A. 0.10
B. 0.40
C. 0.60
D. 0.67
ID: b680e76d
A survey taken by 1,000 students at a school asked whether they played school sports. The table below
summarizes all 1,000 responses from the students surveyed.
How many of the males surveyed responded that they do not play a school sport?
A. 109
B. 252
C. 468
D. 688
ID: d4413871
Blood type
Rhesus factor A B AB O
33 9 3 37
7 2 1 x
Human blood can be classified into four common blood types—A, B, AB, and O. It
is also characterized by the presence or absence of the rhesus factor. The
table above shows the distribution of blood type and rhesus factor for a group of
people. If one of these people who is rhesus negative is chosen at random, the
probability that the person has blood type B is . What is the value of x ?
ID: 0301c5dc
The table below shows the number of state parks in a certain state that contain camping facilities and bicycle
paths.
If one of these state parks is selected at random, what is the probability that it has
camping facilities but does not have bicycle paths?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: 0ae37ff3
In a bag, there are red, white, blue, and yellow cubes. If one of these cubes is selected at random, what is the
probability of selecting a cube that is neither blue nor yellow?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: 47624288
The table gives the distribution of votes for a new school mascot and grade level for students.
Grade level
Badger
Lion
Longhorn
Tiger
Total
If one of these students is selected at random, what is the probability of selecting a student whose vote for new mascot was
for a lion?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: 60caadfd
Each rock in a collection of rocks was classified as either igneous, metamorphic, or sedimentary, as shown in the
frequency table.
Classification Frequency
igneous
metamorphic
sedimentary
If one of these rocks is selected at random, what is the probability of selecting a rock that is igneous?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: e5b5fbdd
Of the 8 planets in our solar system, 4 are considered rocky. If a student randomly
selects 1 of those 8 planets as a topic for a report, what is the probability that the
selected planet will be rocky?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: 2df8f293
Each vertex of a -sided polygon is labeled with one of the letters through , with a different letter at each vertex. If
one vertex is selected at random, what is the probability that the letter will be at the selected vertex? (Express your answer
as a decimal or fraction, not as a percent.)
ID: ec7b0eb8
In a study of cell phone use, 799 randomly selected US teens were asked how often
they talked on a cell phone and about their texting behavior. The data are
summarized in the table above. If one of the 799 teens surveyed is selected at
random, what is the probability that the teen talks on a cell phone daily?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: 79201024
A band with members has members who play saxophone. If one band member is selected at random, what is the
probability of selecting a band member who plays saxophone?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: 6626cac3
Phone Email
Dinner
55% 80%
dance
Football
20% 10%
game
Picnic 20% 5%
Pool
5% 5%
party
An alumni association survey asked each high school graduate to select the one activity he or she preferred
for the association’s next event. Some of the people responded by phone, and the others responded by
email. The table above shows the distribution of preferred activity, in percent, for each response type used.
For the survey, the number of email responses was twice the number of phone responses. If a person who
preferred a picnic is selected at random, what is the probability that the person responded by email?
ID: 585de39a
On May 10, 2015, there were 83 million Internet subscribers in Nigeria. The major
Internet providers were MTN, Globacom, Airtel, Etisalat, and Visafone. By
September 30, 2015, the number of Internet subscribers in Nigeria had increased to
97 million. If an Internet subscriber in Nigeria on September 30, 2015, is selected at
random, the probability that the person selected was an MTN subscriber is 0.43.
There were p million MTN subscribers in Nigeria on September 30, 2015. To the
nearest integer, what is the value of p ?
ID: 12dbe3de
A. 0.004
B. 0.04
C. 0.4
D. 4
ID: 912cd125
For a science project, Anka recorded whether it rained each weekday and weekend day for 12 weeks. Her results
are summarized in the table below.
Weekday and Weekend Day Rain for 12 Weeks
Rain No rain Total
Number of weekdays 12 48 60
Total 20 64 84
If one of the days on which there was no rain is selected at random, what is the
probability the day was a weekend day?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: 6a715bed
The table summarizes the distribution of age and assigned group for participants in a study.
Group A
Group B
Group C
Total
One of these participants will be selected at random. What is the probability of selecting a participant from group A, given
that the participant is at least years of age? (Express your answer as a decimal or fraction, not as a percent.)
ID: 30db8f77
At a conference, there are a total of attendees. Each attendee is assigned to either group A, group B, or group C. If one
of these attendees is selected at random, the probability of selecting an attendee who is assigned to group A is and the
probability of selecting an attendee who is assigned to group B is . How many attendees are assigned to group C?
ID: 2a08d878
There are n nonfiction books and 12 fiction books on a bookshelf. If one of these
books is selected at random, what is the probability of selecting a nonfiction book,
in terms of n ?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: 38a9ac45
If 1,200 customers register for new accounts at a social media website every day,
what fraction of the first 60,000 new accounts are registered in the first 5 days?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: b6569d0e
United States
Presidents
from 1789 to
2015
Ages Number
40–44 2
45–49 7
50–54 13
55–59 11
60–64 7
65–69 3
The table above gives the number of United States presidents from 1789 to 2015
whose age at the time they first took office is within the interval listed. Of those
presidents who were at least 50 years old when they first took office, what fraction
were at least 60 years old?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: 5dc386fb
The table below shows the distribution of US states according to whether they have a state-level sales tax and a
state-level income tax.
2013 State-Level Taxes
State sales tax No state sales tax
To the nearest tenth of a percent, what percent of states with a state-level sales tax
do not have a state-level income tax?
A. 6.0%
B. 12.0%
C. 13.3%
D. 14.0%
ID: b8150b17
For a particular machine that produces beads, out of every beads it produces have a defect. A bead produced by the
machine will be selected at random. What is the probability of selecting a bead that has a defect?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: 1dcea480
A. 21
B. 25
C. 35
D. 39
ID: a3384df0
Penguin Exhibit
Chinstrap 41 59 100
Emperor 8 27 35
Gentoo 49 54 103
Macaroni 42 40 82
The number of penguins in a zoo exhibit, sorted by gender and type of penguin, is
shown in the table above. Which type of penguin has a female population that is
the closest to being of the total female penguin population in the exhibit?
A. Chinstrap
B. Emperor
C. Gentoo
D. Macaroni
ID: 4e527894
There are buttons in a bag: white buttons, orange buttons, and brown buttons. If one of these buttons is selected
at random, what is the probability of selecting a white button?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: 46b2e169
A box contains red pens and blue pens. If one of these pens is selected at random, what is the probability of selecting
a red pen? (Express your answer as a decimal or fraction, not as a percent.)
ID: f8696cd8
Bachelor’s degree 4 3
Master’s degree 2 6
The table above shows the number of people who work in the Human Resources
and Accounting departments of a company and the highest level of education they
have completed. A person from one of these departments is to be chosen at
random. If the person chosen works in the Human Resources department, what is
the probability that the highest level of education the person completed is a
master’s degree?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ID: ecd09c38
Employees working for a customer service line at an electric company recorded all the calls last Monday and
noted whether the caller asked for repairs and whether the caller asked about a bill. The results are summarized
in the table below.
Asked
48 623 671
about a bill
If a caller last Monday who asked about his or her bill is selected at random, which
of the following is closest to the probability that the customer also asked for
repairs?
A. 0.05
B. 0.07
C. 0.20
D. 0.27
ID: e9ed719f
The table summarizes the distribution of color and shape for tiles of equal area.
Square
Pentagon
Total
If one of these tiles is selected at random, what is the probability of selecting a red tile? (Express your answer as a decimal or
fraction, not as a percent.)