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THIRD TERM
WEEKLY LESSON NOTES
WEEK 2
Week Ending: 07-07-2023 DAY: Subject: Social Studies
Duration: 60MINS Strand: Environment
Class: B8 Class Size: Sub Strand: Weather & Climate
Content Standard: Indicator: Lesson:
B8.1.3.1 Demonstrate understanding of the
B8.1.3.1.1. Assess the significance of weather
significance of weather and climate to the
environment and climate to the environment 1 OF 2
Performance Indicator:
Core Competencies:
Learners can sketch maps and interpret landscapes from
CP 5.1: CC 8.1: CC 8.1: CC 9.1: CP 5.2: CC
maps
References: Social Studies Curriculum Pg. 49
Keywords:

Phase/Duration Learners Activities Resources

PHASE 1: Engage learners to go on a nature to observe physical features of
STARTER the school compound. Let them sketch a map of the school
compound.

They share their maps with the class for further discussion.

Share performance indicators with learners.

PHASE 2: NEW Discuss various ways of measuring the elements of weather and Pictures and
LEARNING climate, including the use of hygrometer, rain gauge and Charts
barometer.

a. Temperature:
Thermometer: A common instrument used to measure air
temperature. Traditional thermometers use mercury or alcohol, while
modern ones may employ digital sensors.

b. Precipitation:
 Rain Gauge: Measures the amount of rainfall in a specific area. It
consists of a container with graduated markings to indicate the
depth of collected precipitation.
 Snow Gauge: Similar to a rain gauge, but designed specifically for
measuring the depth of snowfall.
 Disdrometer: Used to measure the size and velocity of raindrops
or snowflakes, providing detailed information about precipitation
characteristics.

c. Humidity:
Hygrometer: Measures the amount of moisture or water vapor in the
air. Common types include psychrometers, which use the cooling effect
of evaporation, and capacitive hygrometers, which utilize changes in
electrical capacitance.
 d. Wind:
 Anemometer: Measures wind speed. Common types include cup
anemometers, which have rotating cups, and ultrasonic
anemometers, which use ultrasonic sound waves to detect wind
speed and direction.
 Wind Vane: Determines the direction from which the wind is
blowing. It usually consists of a pointer attached to a vertical axis.

e. Air Pressure:
Barometer: Measures atmospheric pressure. Mercury barometers use
a column of mercury in a glass tube, while aneroid barometers use a
flexible metal chamber that expands or contracts with changes in
pressure.

f. Sunlight:
 Pyranometer: Measures solar radiation, including direct and diffuse
sunlight. It typically consists of a sensor that absorbs solar energy
and generates an electrical signal proportional to the received
radiation.
 Sunshine Recorder: Determines the duration of sunlight exposure
at a particular location using a glass sphere that focuses sunlight
on a strip of photosensitive paper.

Engage learners in groups to construct instruments to measure

elements of climate.

Assessment
What instrument is commonly used to measure air temperature?
Name a device used to measure the amount of rainfall in a
specific area.
How is humidity typically measured?
Which instrument is used to determine wind speed?
What is the purpose of a barometer in weather measurements?
PHASE 3: Use peer discussion and effective questioning to find out from
REFLECTION learners what they have learnt during the lesson.

Take feedback from learners and summarize the lesson.

Week Ending: 07-07-2023 DAY: Subject: Social Studies
Duration: 60MINS Strand: Environment
Class: B8 Class Size: Sub Strand: Weather & Climate
Content Standard: Indicator: Lesson:
B8.1.3.1 Demonstrate understanding of the
B8.1.3.1.1. Assess the significance of weather
significance of weather and climate to the
environment and climate to the environment 1 OF 2
Performance Indicator:
Core Competencies:
Learners can sketch maps and interpret landscapes from
CP 5.1: CC 8.1: CC 8.1: CC 9.1: CP 5.2: CC
maps
References: Social Studies Curriculum Pg. 49
Keywords:

Phase/Duration Learners Activities Resources

PHASE 1: Engage learners to go on a nature to observe physical features of
STARTER the school compound. Let them sketch a map of the school
compound.

They share their maps with the class for further discussion.

Share performance indicators with learners.

PHASE 2: NEW Engage learners in their groups to identify and describe the Pictures and
LEARNING climate zones in Ghana. Charts
Ghana, located in West Africa, has a diverse climate with distinct
climatic zones. Here are the main climatic zones found in Ghana:

1. Tropical Rainforest Zone:

 Location: The southernmost part of Ghana, including the coastal
areas and the high rainfall regions.
 Climate: Characterized by high temperatures and abundant
rainfall throughout the year, with no distinct dry season. Average
annual rainfall exceeds 1,500 mm (59 inches).
 Vegetation: Dense tropical rainforests with a rich variety of plant
and animal species.

2. Coastal Savannah Zone:

 Location: The coastal belt stretching from the rainforest zone to
the north.
 Climate: Features a wet and dry season. The wet season occurs
from April to October, with peak rainfall between June and
September. The dry season lasts from November to March, with
lower rainfall and higher temperatures.
 Vegetation: Mixed vegetation of grassland, shrubs, and isolated
patches of forest.

3. Forest Transition Zone:

 Location: Located between the rainforest zone and the Guinea
Savanna zone, spanning parts of central Ghana.
 Climate: Experiences a transition between the wetter rainforest
climate and the drier savanna climate. Rainfall is slightly lower
 than in the rainforest zone, and there is a distinct wet and dry
season.
 Vegetation: Mosaic of forests, grasslands, and farmland.

4. Guinea Savanna Zone:

 Location: Covers the northern part of Ghana, including the
northern regions.
 Climate: Exhibits a pronounced wet and dry season. The wet
season occurs from April to October, with peak rainfall between
June and September. The dry season, known as Harmattan,
extends from November to March and is characterized by hot and
dry winds from the Sahara Desert.
 Vegetation: Predominantly open grasslands with scattered trees,
especially along watercourses.

5. Sudan Savanna Zone:

 Location: The northernmost part of Ghana, bordering Burkina
Faso.
 Climate: Features a more pronounced dry season compared to the
Guinea Savanna zone. The wet season lasts from May to October,
with peak rainfall between June and September. The dry season,
marked by the Harmattan winds, extends from November to April.
 Vegetation: Dominated by grasslands with few trees and shrubs.

Sketch the map of Ghana and indicate the different climatic

zones.

Assessment
1. Which part of Ghana is characterized by dense tropical
rainforests?
2. What are the two main seasons in the Coastal Savannah Zone
of Ghana?
3. Which climatic zone experiences a transition between the
rainforest and savanna climates?
4. What is the dry season in the Guinea Savanna Zone of Ghana
called?
5. Which climatic zone in Ghana is known for its hot and dry
Harmattan winds?
6. Which part of Ghana is characterized by open grasslands and
scattered trees?
7. In which climatic zone is the Harmattan season more
pronounced?
8. What are the typical months of the wet season in the Sudan
Savanna Zone of Ghana?
9. How does the climate in the Forest Transition Zone differ
from that of the rainforest zone?
10. How do the climatic zones of Ghana influence the types of
vegetation found in different regions?
PHASE 3: Use peer discussion and effective questioning to find out from
REFLECTION learners what they have learnt during the lesson.

Take feedback from learners and summarize the lesson.