Active to Passive Voice rules

Rule 1. a) Active voice এর subject টি Passive voice এর object হিসেবে বসে।

b) Active voice এর object টি Passive voice এর subject এ রুপান্তর হয়।
c) মূল verb এর past participle form হয় এবং subject ও tense অনুসারে auxiliary verb/be verb হয়।
Voice Change Shortcut Rules

Active Voice Passive Voice

V1 am/is/are +V3

V2 was/were +V3

am/is/are/was/were/shall be/will be +V1+ing being+V3

have/has/had/shall have/will have+V3 been+V3

can/could/shall/should/will/would/may/ might/must/need/dare/ought to/let etc. be + V3

Rule 2. কোনো কোনো ক্ষেত্রে Active voice-এ দুটি Object-এর মধ্যে যেকোনো একটির পূর্বে
Preposition থাকে। এ ধরনের বাক্যে যে Object-টির পূর্বে Preposition থাকে সেই Object-টি Passive
voice -এর Subject হিসেবে ব্যবহূত হয় না। সঙ্গের দ্বিতীয় Object-টি Passive voice-এর Subject
হিসেবে বসে।
Active: She did for me the necessary things. Passive: The necessary things were done for me by her.
Rule 3. আবার কোনো কোনো সময় Active voice-এর দুটি Object থাকে। সে ক্ষেত্রে উক্ত Active Voice-কে
Passive voice করার সময় প্রথম Object-টি অর্থাৎ ব্যক্তিবাচক Object-টিকে Subject করাই উত্তম।
Active: The Headmaster teaches us English. Passive: We are taught English by the headmaster.
Or, English is taught us by the headmaster.
Active: I saw him playing cricket. Passive: He was seen playing cricket by me.
Active: I took him for a friend. Passive: He was taken for a friend by me.
Active: I gave him a flower. Passive: He was given a flower by me.

Rule 4. Negative Sentence এর Passive Voice এ পরিবর্তন।

Negative sentence এর Active Voice কে স্বাভাবিক নিয়মে PassivVoice করার সময় am/is/are/was/were/
have/has/had/shall
will etc. Auxiliary verb এর পরে not বসাতেহয়।
Active: I have not given the letter. Passive: The letter has not been given by me.
Rule 5. Reflexive object (myself, ourselves, yourselves, yourself, themselves, himself, and herself) যুক্ত Active
Voice কে Passive Voice এ রুপান্তর করার নিয়ম-
Structure: Active voice এর Subject টি অপরিবর্তিত থাকবে + Tense ও Person অনুযায়ী Auxiliary verb + V3 + by
+ Reflexive object বসবে।
Active: She hanged herself. Passive: She was hanged by herself.

Rule 6. One + should যুক্ত Active Voice কে Passive Voice এ পরিবর্তন করার নিয়ম।
Structure: Object + should + be + V3 + বাকিঅংশ।
1. Active: One should take care of one's health. Passive: Health should be taken care of.
2. Active: One should keep one's promise. Passive: A promise should be kept.
Rule 7. There is/are + subject + infinitive (object হিসেবে ব্যবহৃত ) এরূপ ক্ষেত্রে Passive Voice হবে-
Structure: There is/are + subject (no change) + শুধু to + infinitive বদলে গিয়ে to be + past participle of the
infinitive verb ব্যবহৃতহয়।
1. Active: There is no time to lose. Passive: There is no time to be lost.
2. Active: There is no money to waste. Passive: There is no money to be wasted.
Rule 8. Gerund combinations অর্থাৎ advise/ propose/ recommend/ suggest + gerund + object যুক্ত active
voice কে passive voice এ রুপান্তর করার নিয়ম-
Structure:
প্রদত্ত active voice এর subject + মূল verb + that + gerund এর পরের object টি + should be + প্রদত্ত
gerund টি verb এ রূপান্তরিত হয়ে verb এর past participle form বসে।
Active: He suggested giving up smoking. Passive: He suggested that smoking should be given up.
Active: He wanted playing football. Passive: He wanted that football should be played.
Rule 9. Agree, be anxious, arrange, determine, be determined, decide, demand, + infinitive + object object
যুক্ত active voice কে passive voice এ রুপান্তর করার নিয়ম-
Structure:
প্রদত্ত active voice এর subject + মূল verb + that + infinitive এর পরের + object + should be + infinitive এর
পরের verb এর past participle form.
Active: He decided to buy the house. Passive: He decided that the house should be bought.
Active: You agreed to sell the house. Passive: You agreed that the house should be sold.
Interrogative Sentence
Rule 1. A) Auxiliary Verb যুক্ত Interrogative Sentence যুক্ত কে Passive Voice এ রুপান্তর করার নিয়ম-
1. Passive: A.V + object + V3 + by + subject +? (For Present & Past Indefinite Tense)
2. Passive: A.V + object + A.V এর 2nd part (be/being/been) + V3 +by + subject +?
1. Active: Did you play badminton? 2. Active: Have you eaten rice?
Assertive: You played badminton. Assertive: You have eaten rice.
Assertive এর passive: Badminton was played by you. Assertive এর passive: Rice has been eaten by you.
Passive এ রুপান্তর: Was badminton played by you? Passive এ রুপান্তর: Has rice been eaten
by you?
3. Active: Is he reading a novel?
Assertive: He is reading a novel.
Assertive এর passive: A novel is being read by him.
Passive এ রুপান্তর: Is a novel being read by him?
Rule 2. Who যুক্ত Active voice কে Passive voice এ রুপান্তর করার নিয়ম-
Structure-1: Active: Who + verb + object +?
Passive: By whom + A.V verb + object + V3 +?

Structure-2: Active: Who + Auxiliary verb + Main Verb + object +?

Passive: By whom + A.V এর 1st part + object + A.V এর 2nd part (be/being/been) + V3 +?
1. Active: Who killed the snake? Passive: By whom was the snake killed?
2. Active: Who is playing badminton? Passive: BY whom is badminton being played?
3. Active: Who wrote this letter? Passive: By whom was this letter written?
4. Active: Who will call him? Passive: By whom will he be called?
5. Active: Who painted this beautiful painting? Passive: By whom was this beautiful painting
painted?
6. Active: Who invited you? Passive: By whom are you invited?
7. Active: Who can break Lionel Messi's record? Passive: By whom can Lionel Messi's record be
broken?
Rule 3. Whom যুক্ত Active voice কে Passive voice এ রুপান্তর করার নিয়ম-
Active: Whom + Auxiliary verb + object + main verb + ext. +? Passive: Who + auxiliary verb + V3 + by + object +?
1. Active: Whom did you see on the road? Passive: who was seen by you on the road?
2. Active: Whom has the principal honored? Passive: Who has been honored by the principal?
3. Active: Whom has the police arrested? Passive: Who has been arrested by the police?
4. Active: Whom have the people elected? Passive: Who has been elected by the people?
5. Active: Whom have the selectors selected? Passive: Who has been selected by the selectors?
6. Active: Whom has she called? Passive: Who has been called by her?
Rule 4. What, which, where, when, how, যুক্ত Active
voice কে Passive voice এ রুপান্তর করার নিয়ম- Structure:
Passive 01: Wh-word (except who & whom) + A.V + V3 + by + subject +?
Passive 02: Wh-word (except who & whom) + A.V + object + V3 + by + subject +? (For two object)
1. Active: What do you want? Passive: What is wanted by you?
2. Active: Where did you find him? Passive: Where was he found by you?
Exceptional Voice Change
Active: He annoyed me. Passive: I was annoyed with me.
Active: I know the man Passive: The man is known to me.
Active: His behavior surprised me. Passive: I was surprised at his behavior.
Active: The news shocked him. Passive: He was shocked at the news.
Active: I saw him go. Passive: He was seen to go by me.
Active: He made me do the work. Passive: I was made to do the work by him.
Active: Light-filled the room. Passive: The room was filled with light.
Active: Someone has stolen my purse. Passive: My purse has been stolen.
Active: Mother looked after the girl. Passive: The girl was looked after by mother.
Active: Someone built this building in 1976. Passive: This building was built in 1976.
Active: People consider me honest. Passive: I am considered honest.
Active: She likes people to obey her. Passive: She likes to be obeyed by people.
Active: I knew him. Passive: He was known to me.