Scribd
Upload
6 views3 pages

Sequences & Series

The document explains arithmetic and geometric sequences and series, detailing their definitions, formulas, and examples. Arithmetic sequences have a constant difference between terms, while geometric sequences have a constant ratio. It also outlines applications for both types of sequences, including interest calculations and population growth.

Uploaded by

Celine Moussa
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
6 views3 pages

Sequences & Series

The document explains arithmetic and geometric sequences and series, detailing their definitions, formulas, and examples. Arithmetic sequences have a constant difference between terms, while geometric sequences have a constant ratio. It also outlines applications for both types of sequences, including interest calculations and population growth.

Uploaded by

Celine Moussa
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

**Arithmetic and Geometric Sequences and Series**

**Sequences:**

* A sequence is an ordered list of numbers.


* Each number in the sequence is called a term.
* Sequences can be finite (having a limited number of terms) or infinite (having an
unlimited number of terms).

**Arithmetic Sequences:**

* An arithmetic sequence is a sequence in which the difference between consecutive


terms is constant. This constant difference is called the common difference (d).
* General form: a, a + d, a + 2d, a + 3d, ...
* 'a' is the first term.
* 'd' is the common difference.
* The nth term (an) of an arithmetic sequence: an = a + (n - 1)d
* Example: 2, 5, 8, 11, ... (a = 2, d = 3)

**Arithmetic Series:**

* An arithmetic series is the sum of the terms of an arithmetic sequence.


* The sum of the first n terms (Sn) of an arithmetic series:
* Sn = n/2 * (a + an) or
* Sn = n/2 * [2a + (n - 1)d]
* Example: 2 + 5 + 8 + 11 = 26

**Geometric Sequences:**
* A geometric sequence is a sequence in which the ratio between consecutive terms is
constant. This constant ratio is called the common ratio (r).
* General form: a, ar, ar², ar³, ...
* 'a' is the first term.
* 'r' is the common ratio.
* The nth term (an) of a geometric sequence: an = ar^(n-1)
* Example: 3, 6, 12, 24, ... (a = 3, r = 2)

**Geometric Series:**

* A geometric series is the sum of the terms of a geometric sequence.


* The sum of the first n terms (Sn) of a geometric series:
* Sn = a(1 - r^n) / (1 - r), where r ≠ 1
* Example: 3 + 6 + 12 + 24 = 45
* **Infinite Geometric Series:**
* If |r| < 1, the infinite geometric series converges to a finite sum.
* The sum (S∞) of an infinite geometric series: S∞ = a / (1 - r)
* If |r| ≥ 1, the infinite geometric series diverges (the sum approaches infinity).

**Key Differences:**

* **Arithmetic:** Constant difference between terms (addition/subtraction).


* **Geometric:** Constant ratio between terms (multiplication/division).

**Applications:**
* **Arithmetic:**
* Simple interest calculations.
* Linear growth or decay problems.
* evenly spaced data.
* **Geometric:**
* Compound interest calculations.
* Population growth (exponential).
* Radioactive decay.
* fractals.

**Formulas Summary:**

* **Arithmetic:**
* an = a + (n - 1)d
* Sn = n/2 * (a + an)
* Sn = n/2 * [2a + (n - 1)d]
* **Geometric:**
* an = ar^(n-1)
* Sn = a(1 - r^n) / (1 - r)
* S∞ = a / (1 - r) (if |r| < 1)

Credits to: Gemini

You might also like