MATHEMATICS

TOTAL 6 METHODS
1.INDUCTIVE METHOD AND DEDUCTIVE
METHOD
2.ANALYTICAL METHOD AND SYNTHETIC
METHOD
3. EXPERIMENTAL METHOD
4. SELF SEARCH METHOD
5. PROBLEM SOVLING METHOD
6. DEMOSTRATION METHOD
INDUCTIVE METHOD: MERITS
1. IN THIS METHOD WE PLACE BEFORE
STUDENTS A NUMBERS OF EXAMPLES AND 1.Helps in critical thinking
LEAD THEM TO THERE OWN CONCLUSION 2. It enhance self
2. IT IS FROM SIMPLE TO COMPLEX METHOD confidence
3. IT IS PSYCOLOGICAL METHOD AND 3. Simple way of
SCIENTICFIC IN NATURE. understanding formula

EXAMPLE : write down the squares of even and odd

numbers.
1 ²= 1
DEMERITS
2 ²= 4 1.It is limited to few topics.
3 ²= 9 2. It makes mathematics
4 ²= 16
lengthy.
It is clear that
1) Square of even number is even
2) Square of odd number is odd.
DEDCUTIVE METHOD
1. This method is opposite to inductive MERITS
method.
2. It is formula to example. 1.There is use of learners
3. Here pre-established formula is given to the memory.
learners and they asked to use same in 2. Time saving
solving relevant problems. 3. It can be used in higher
classes.
EXAMPLE: topic perimeter of rectangle
Teacher will tell formula 1st DEMERITS
Perimeter of rectangle= sum of the lengths
= 2l + 2b 1.If learner forgets formula
=2x 4 + 2x 6 he get lost to solve the sum.
= 8+12 2. formula are blindly
= 20 crammed by learner.
Perimeter of rectangle is 20cm 3. It puts burden on a
learners brain.
ANALYTICAL METHOD
1. IT means breaking into parts. MERITS
2. It is complex to simple
3. We start with what is to be found out then we 1.It is psychological method.
think of further steps to connect the unknown 2. It leaves no doubts in the
to known. mind of students.
EXAMPLE: 3. It involves active
If a/b = c/d, then P.T ac + 4b²/bc = c ² +4bd/dc. participation of students.
Solution
To prove this , begin from the unknown DEMERITS
The unknown is ac + 4b ² /bc = c ² +4bd/dc.
=ac+ 4b ² /b = c ² +4bd/d. 1.Time is time consuming
=d(ac+ 4b ²) = b(c ² +4bd). method.
=dac+ 4db ² 2.not suitable for all topics
=da = bc 3. It is not beneficial for
=a/b = c/d. below average students.
SYNTHETIC METHOD
1. IT means to combine. MERITS
2. It is opposite to analytical method.
3. We start with something known and we to 1.It is psychological method.
connect the unknown parts. 2. It leaves no doubts in the
mind of students.
EXAMPLE: 3. It involves active
If a/b = c/d, then P.T ac +4b ² /bc = c ² + 4bd/dc. participation of students.
Solution
We known that a/b = c/d.
DEMERITS
In this method we start from known & proceed to unknown.
Adding 4b/c on both sides. 1.Time is time consuming
a/b+4b/c = c/d + 4b/c. method.
= ac +4b ² / bc = c ² + 4bd/dc. 2.not suitable for all topics
: Which was to be proved.
3. It is not beneficial for
below average students.
EXPERIMENTAL METHOD
1. IT is also called as laboratory. MERITS
2. Learning by doing proper observation, going
from concrete to abstract. 1.Group feeling is developed
3. Mostly used in geometry and arithematics. as students work in groups.
2. Handling and working
EXAMPLE: apparatus in laboratory.
teacher will ask students to draw different triangles.And
measure the angles of triangles .Students measurements
DEMERITS
1.Time is time consuming
method.
2.not suitable for all topics
3. Individual attention for
Hence : sum of three angles of triangle is 180 °
each student is not possible.
SELF SEARCH METHOD
1. IT is also called as heuristic method. MERITS
2. In this students discovers facts and information
by himself 1.Group feeling is developed
3. It is based on principle learning by doing. as students work in groups.
2. Handling and working
EXAMPLE: apparatus in laboratory.

The population of a city is 50,000 per year then find out the
population of the city after 2 years. DEMERITS
Solution:
Teacher will tell the students to repeat this question many times
1.Time is time consuming
and will tell them to find the solution with the help of suitable method.
research, questions and he will encourage them for finding 2.not suitable for all topics
correct solution. 3. Individual attention for
each student is not possible.
PROBLEM SOLVING METHOD
1. Problem solving is the main activity in learning MERITS
maths subject.
2. The process of problem solving is a systematic 1.It allows students to learn
and orderly process . by self efforts.
3. So students faced problems. 2. It prepare students to
solve problems of future life
EXAMPLE: 3. It inculates the habit of
thinking & reasoning.
Example 1: Title: 'Running a hostel mess'.
Step 1. The number of hostelers will be recorded. DEMERITS
Step 2. The expected expenditure will be calculated.
Step 3. Expenditure on various heads will be 1.Time is time consuming
allocated to the students. method.
Step 4. Budget will be prepared with the help of the 2.not suitable for all topics
class. 3. It is not suitable for lower
DEMONSTRATION METHOD
MERITS
1. This method involves the process of explanning 1.It encourages students to
how to do or perform certain activity. participation in learning .
2. Students have to learn process from teacher. And 2. It is psychological
also not possible to allow students to perform method.
some activity. 3. It is suitable for all
EXAMPLE: students od varying
abilities.
Handling with harmful chemicals
DEMERITS
1.Can not apply in higher
mathematics.
2.students not get first
hand experience
3.students get bored.
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