Definition of Computer

 Computer is an electronic device which

accepts data and instructions, saves into
memory, process the data and gives
meaningful result.
 Charles Bubbage is known as Father of
Computer. He invented Differential Engine
and Analytical Engine.
 First Generations of Computers
1946-1959
The first generation computer was invented in 1946. They
named it as ENIAC. It consists of 18,000 Vacuum tubes. It’s
weight was 27 tons. It’s speed was 10-3 sec.
Features :
 Vacuum tubes like diodes, triodes, resistors and capacitors
were used.
 It was too heavy and occupied large space.
 It had limited memory.
 It consumes very high power.
 It had limited programming capacity, speed and versatility.
 As tubes had to be heated it took a long time to start.
 Each computer has different binary coded program.
 Second Generations of Computers
1946-1959
In 1956 Vacuum tubes were replaced by transistors.
Transistors were small in size, low power consuming, load
heat production, more accurate results, reliable, could
handle an enormous amount of data. Their speed was 10-6
sec. In 1960 computers replaced machine language with
assembly language.
Features :
 Transistors were used in place of Vacuum Tubes.
 It had low power consumption.
 It had more memory size, accurate results were found.
 It had high speed and versatility.
 Machine language replaced with Assembly language.
 High level languages like COBOL and FORTRAN came into
common use.
 Third Generations of Computers
1965-1971
These computers were build with Integrated with IC
(Integrated Circuits). They were smaller in size and
combine hundreds of transistors, capacitors and resistors
on a single chip. The speed was 10-9 sec. The concept of OS,
Multiprogramming, Parallel processing were introduced.
Features :
 Transistors were replaced by semiconductors on circuit
boards.
 In case of any defect the board could be easily replaced.
 Heat generation was reduced to a great extent.
 There was a tremendous decrease in the size of the
computer.
 Multiple programming, scientific processing and record
keeping facilities were provided.
 Fourth Generations of Computers
1965-1971
Fourth generation computer came out with LSI, VLSI & ULSI.
The speed was 10-12 sec. They have a huge storage capacity
and processing speed. The concept of networking was
introduced.
Features :
 All the components of the computer were located on one
minuscule chip.
 Computers came our into smaller sizes and affordable
price.
 Many user-friendly software packages were developed for
people of different fields, interests and ages.
 Fifth Generations of Computers
Present & Future
The development of super computers was the key motivation
of fifth generation computers. Super computers came out
with Super Large Scale Integrated Circuits. These
computers were using a new concept of artificial
intelligence. CD ROM, WORM are introduced.
Features :
 To make the computers accept the instructions given orally
just like instructions given on mobile.
 To make the computers solve highly complex problems that
require expertise knowledge and reasoning ability.
 Able to translate foreign language.
 Classification on the basis of
Size & Portability
 Desktops
 Portables
 Laptop
 Notebook
 Palmtop
 Wearable Computer
 Classification on the basis of
purpose
 Analog Computers
 Digital Computers
 Hybrid Computers
 Classification on the basis of
size and capability
 Micro Computers
 Mini Computers
 Mainframe Computers
 Super Computers
 Block Diagram of Computer
CPU

MEMORY

INPUT INPUT
A.L.U

C.U
 Input Devices
 Keyboard
 Mouse
 Scanner (OMR, OCR, MICR, Barcode)
 Touch Panel
 Digital Camera
 Microphone
 Types of Software
 Application Software
 Specific Purpose Application Software
 General Purpose Application Software
 System Software
 Operating System
 Language Translators
 Utility Software
 Types of Computer Languages
 Low Level Languages
 Machine Language
 Assembly Language
 High Level Language
 Specific Purpose High Level Language
 General Purpose High Level Language
 Types of Operating Systems
 Single User OS
 Batch Processing OS
 Multi User / Time Sharing OS
 Multi Programming OS
 Online OS
 Real Time OS
 Default Icons on the Desktop
 My Computer
 My Documents
 Recycle Bin
 Network
 Internet Explorer
 Creating Icons on the Desktop
 Right mouse click on the desktop
 Select New option
 Click on Shortcut option
 Click on Browse button
 Select the File or Program
 Click on Next button
 Type the title for shortcut
 Click on Finish button
Renaming Icons on the Desktop
 Click on the icon to select
 Press F2 Key
 Type the new name
 Press Enter Key
 Deleting Icons on the Desktop
 Click on the icon to select
 Press Delete Key
 Click on Yes to confirm deletion
 Copy / Move Files or Folders
 Double Click on My Computer icon
 Double Click on the Source Drive
 Select the file or folder
 Press Ctrl + C button
 Click on Destination Drive
 Press Ctrl + V button
 Folders
Folder is a group of Files. You can classify files
using folders.
 Double Click on My Computer icon
 Select the Drive
 Click on File menu
 Select New option
 Click on Folder option
 Type the folder name
 Press Enter key
 Features of MS Word
 It has word count feature that shows the statistical status of
the document such as no. of word, characters, line,
paragraphs etc.,
 It has Custom Dictionary. It allows keeping the record of
words in the dictionary.
 It provides drawing objects to insert and resize the objects
in the document.
 A picture, logo, word art can be easily placed on the
document.
 It provides various bullet picture styles.
 You can save the document as webpage.
 It has password protection to protect the document.
 It has auto recover feature.
 Creating New Document
 Click on File menu
 Select New option (Ctrl+N)
 Select Blank Document icon
 Click on Create button
 Saving Document
 Click on File menu
 Select Save As option (Ctrl+S)
 Select the desired Drive & Folder Name
 Type the Filename or Document Name
 Click on Save button
 Printng Document
Page Setup :
 Click on File menu
 Select Page Setup option
 Select the size of Margins (Left, Right, Top,
Bottom, Gutter)
 Select the Page Orientation (Portrait, Landscape)
 Select the Paper Size (A4, A3, Letter, Legal etc.,)
Print Preview :
 Click on File menu
 Select Print Preview option
 Printng Document
Printing Document :
 Click on File menu
 Select Print command (Ctrl+P)
 Select the Printer Name from the Listbox
 Select the desired Page Range
 All – To print the entire document.
 Current Page – To print the page where the insertion point is
located.
 Pages – To print the pages randomly by specifying page number
such as 1, 4, 8 or 5-10
 Selection – To print the selected text
 Specify the Number of Copies to print
 Click on Ok button
 Mail Merge
 Create a New Document by Pressing Ctrl + N
 Type the desired Letter and save the document with the
filename
 Click on Tools menu
 Select Mail Merge option
 Click on Create button
 Select Form Letters option
 Click on Active Window button
 Click on Get Data button
 Select Create Data Source option
 Type the Field Name in textbox
 Click on Add Field Name button
 Repeat above two steps to add more Field Names
 Mail Merge
 Click on Ok button
 Click on Edit Data Source button
 Type the details of address against Field Names
 Click on Add New button
 Repeat above two steps to add more address list.
 Click on Ok button
MERGING MAIN DOCUMENT WITH DATA SOURCE
 Place the cursor in the file where you want to insert Field Names.
 Click on Insert Merge Filed button from Mail Merge toolbar
 Select the Field Names
 Repeat the above two steps to insert all field names.
 Click on View Merged Data button from Mail Merge toolbar.
 Use Navigation buttons to view all address list (First, Previous, Next
and Last)
 Click on Merge to New Document button
 Saving a Workbook
 Select File menu
 Select Save As option (Ctrl+S)
 Select the Drive and Folder
 Type the workbook name
 Click on Save button
 Find / Replace in MS Excel
 Press Ctrl+Home to place the cursor to the
beginning of page.
 Click on Edit menu
 Select Find or Press Ctrl+F Keys
 Type the Searching Text in Find What box.
 Click on Find Next button
 Click on Replace Tab
 Type the New Text in Replace With box
 Click on Replace or Replace All button
 MS Excel Functions
1] SQRT( ) :
This function returns the square root of specified number.
Syntax :
=sqrt(number)
Example : Assume A3 cell contains value 16, then
=sqrt(A3)
The result will be 4
 MS Excel Functions
2] SUM( ) :
This function adds all the numbers in range of cells.
Syntax :
=sum(number1,number2,…)
=sum(range)
Example : Assume A2 to G2 cells contain values 45, 50, 65, 85,
90, 75, then
=sum(45, 50, 65, 85, 90, 75) or
=sum(A2:G2)
The result will be 410
 MS Excel Functions
3] AVERAGE( ) :
This function returns the average of the given cells in range
containing numbers.
Syntax :
=average(number1, number2, …) or
=average(range)
Example : Assume A2 to G2 cells contain values 45, 50, 65, 85,
90, 75, then
=average(45, 50, 65, 85, 90, 75) or
=average(A2:G2)
The result will be 68.33333
 MS Excel Functions
4] MAX( ) :
This function returns the largest value in a set of values.
Syntax :
=max(number1,number2,…)
=max(range)
Example : Assume A2 to G2 cells contain values 45, 50, 65, 85,
90, 75, then
=max(45, 50, 65, 85, 90, 75) or
=max(A2:G2)
The result will be 90
 MS Excel Functions
5] MIN( ) :
This function returns the smallest value in a set of values.
Syntax :
=min(number1,number2,…)
=min(range)
Example : Assume A2 to G2 cells contain values 45, 50, 65, 85,
90, 75, then
=min(45, 50, 65, 85, 90, 75)or
=min(A2:G2)
The result will be 45
 MS Excel Functions
6] COUNT( ) :
This function counts the number of cells that contain
numbers.
Syntax :
=count(number1,number2,…)
=count(range)
Example : Assume A2 to G2 cells contain values 45, 50, 65, 85,
90, 75, then
=count(45, 50, 65, 85, 90, 75) or
=count(A2:G2)
The result will be 6
 MS Excel Functions
7] PRODUCT( ) :
This function multiplies all the numbers given as
arguments and returns the product.
Syntax :
=product(num1, num2, …)
=product(range)
Example : Assume A3 & A4 cell contains value 5 & 8 , then
=product(A3, A4)
The result will be 40
 MS Excel Functions
8] UPPER( ) :
This function helps to convert lower or small letters into
upper or capital letters.
Syntax :
=upper(string)
Example : Assume A3 cell contains value “computer” , then
=upper(A3)
The result will be COMPUTER
 MS Excel Functions
9] LOWER( ) :
This function is used to convert an upper letter or
alphabets into smaller letters.
Syntax :
=lower(string)
Example : Assume A3 cell contains value “COMPUTER” , then
=lower(A3)
The result will be computer
 MS Excel Functions
10] TODAY( ) :
This function is used to display the current system date. It
does not require any arguments.
Syntax :
=today( )
Example :
=today( )
The result will be 9/16/2007
 MS Excel Functions
11] NOW( ) :
This function is used to display the current system date and
time.
Syntax :
=now( )
Example :
=now( )
The result will be 9/16/2007 23:25
 MS Excel Functions
12] ROMAN( ) :
Roman( ) function is used to convert numerals into Roman
digits.
Syntax :
=roman(number)
Example : Assume A3 cell contains value 50 , then
=roman(A3)
The result will be L
 Types of Charts
 Column Chart
 Bar Chart
 Line Chart
 Pie Chart
 X, Y Chart
 Area Chart
 What is Presentation
Presentation is a way of presenting ideas, thoughts,
knowledge in-front of audience.

What is Slide
Slide is a individual page of a Presentation. We can
place text, picture, sound, video and animation on
the slide.

What is MS Power Point

PowerPoint is a complete presentation graphics
package. It is used to create effective presentations.
 Power Point View
 Normal View
 Slide Sorter View
 Outline View
 Notes Pages View
 Slide Show View
 Slide Transition
Slide Transition is an animation effect for introducing slides on the
screen.

 Click on Slide Show menu

 Select Slide Transition option
 From the Effects option, Select the Transition from the
dropdown menu.
 Select the speed of the transition (Slow, Medium, Fast)
 Under Advance option,
 Select On Mouse Click, to activate the animation by clicking
the mouse.
 Select Automatically to execute the animation automatically
after a set number of seconds of previous event.
 From Sound option, Select the sound if necessary.
 Click on Apply or Apply to All button
 Slide Animation
 Click on Slide Show menu
 Select Custom Animation option
 Select the objects on the slide that has to be animated.
 Click on Order and Timing tab
 Arrange the order of objects appearing on the slide.
 From the Start Animation options,
 i) Select On Mouse Click, to activate the animation by clicking
the mouse.
 ii) Select Automatically to execute the animation automatically after a
set number of
seconds of previous event.
 Click on Effects Tab
 Select the Entry Animation & Sound from the Listbox.
 In the Introduce Text option select the style of displaying the text.
 (All at once, By Word, By Letter)
 Click on Preview button
 Click on Ok button
For More Details Contact :
Mohammed Shafi Sardar,
HOD, Department of Computer Science,
S.G.College, Koppal
Mobile : 9663457555