UNIT- 2 ALGEBRA (10 Marks)

MATRICES
1 , if i≠ j
1. If matrix ¿ [ a ij ]2 ×2 , where a ij= , then find A2 .
0 ,if i= j
2. If A is a 5 × p matrix, B is a 2 ×q matrix and the order of the matrix AB is 5 × 4, then what are
the values of p and q ?
3. If X m× 3 Y p× 4 =Z 2 ×b , for three matrices X , Y and Z , then find the value of m , p and b .

4. If [
x− y 2x+z
2 x− y 3 z+ w ][ =
−1 5
0 13 ]
, then find the values of x , y , z and w .

5. If A=[−21 01] and B=[−10 −5 10

−5 ]
, then find AB.

6. If A=[ ] and I =[
0 1]
4 1 1 0 2
, then find ( A −6 A ).
3 2

7. If A=[
1 0]
0 1 4
, then find A .

8. If A=[ and A =[
x x] −1 2 ]
2x 0 −11 0
, then find the values of x .

9. If A=[ and B=[

1 1] 5 1]
α 0 1 0 2
, then find the value of α (if exists) for which A =B .

10. Find the value of x , if [ x 1 ] [

−2 −1 ] [ 3 ]
1 0 x
=0

11. If A=[
−1 7 ]
1 0 2
, then find the value of k such that A −8 A +kI =0.

[ ]
1 0 1
12. If A= 0 0 1 , then find aI +bA +2 A 2.
a b 2

[ ] [ ]
2 −1 −1 −8 −10
13. Find the matrix X , if 1 0 X= 1 −2 −5
−3 4 9 22 15
14. If and B are two matrices, such that AB= A and BA=B , then find B2 +B .
A
15. If is a square matrix, such that A2= A , then find ( I + A )2−3 A
A
16. If is any square matrix, then A+ A T is __________ matrix.
A
17. If is any square matrix, then A ∙ A T is __________ matrix.
A
18. If is any square matrix, then A−A T is __________ matrix.
A

19. If matrix A=
5 x
y 0 [ ]
is a symmetric matrix, then find the value of x− y .

[ ]
0 −1 28
20. If matrix A= a−8 0 3 b is skew symmetric matrix, then find the value of 2 a+3 b−c .
−c +2 2 0

[ ]
a b −5
21. If matrix A= c d 0 is skew symmetric matrix, then find the value of 2 a+b +c−3 d .
5 0 0
 [ ]
7 −3 −3
22. Write the matrix −1 1 0 as a sum of a symmetric and a skew symmetric matrix.
−1 0 1
23. If A and B are symmetric matrices of same order, then AB−BA is ____________ matrix.
24. If A and B are square matrices each of same order, such that AB=6 I, then find the inverse
of matrix A.
25. If A2− A + I =O, then find the inverse of matrix A.

DETERMINANTS
1. If two square matrices A and B are such that |𝐴𝐵|=12 and |𝐵|=−4, then value of |𝐴|
2. If A is a square matrix, such that|𝐴 AT |=16, then find the value of |𝐴|
3. If A is a square matrix, such that | A|=2, then find the value of ¿ A 4∨¿
4. If A is a non-singular matrix, such that|𝐴|=10, then find the value of | A−1|
5. If A is a square matrix of order 3, such that | A|=4, then find the value of |3 A|
6. If A and B are square matrices each of order 3, such that AB=6 I, then find the value of | AB|
7. If A and B are square matrices each of order 3, such that | A|=−1 and |B|=3, then find value
of |3 AB|
8. For a 3 ×3 matrix if adj A=2 A−1, find ¿ 3 A A T ∨¿.
9. If A is a square matrix of order 3, such that ¿ A∨¿−2 , then find the value of ¿ adj( A)∨¿
10. If A is a square matrix of order 3, such that ¿ A∨¿ 3, then find the value of ¿ 2 adj( A)∨¿
11. If A is a square matrix of order 3 and |adj A|=144 , then find the value of | A|
12. If A is a 3 ×3 matrix, then find the value of ( a 12 C 13+ a22 C 23 +a 32 C33 ), where C ij is the cofactor of
a ij.

[ ]
5 6 −3
13. If matrix A= −4 3 2 , then find the co-factor of a 12.
−4 7 3

[ ]
x +1 −3 4
14. Determine the integral value(s) of x for which the matrix A= −5 x +2 2 is singular.
4 1 x−6

| |
2 3 2
15. If x x x + x=0, then find the value of x .
4 9 1

| |
1 −2 5
16. Solve for real value(s) of , for which 2 x −1 =86 .
x
0 4 2x
APPLICATION OF MATRICES AND DETERMINANTS
17. Find the area of the triangle whose vertices are (3, 8), (– 4, 2) and (5, 1).
18. The value of x for which the points (2 ,−1),(−3 , 4) and (x ,5) are collinear.
19. If solving a system of linear equations in 3 variables by Cramer’s rule, we get Δ=0
and at least one of Δ x , Δ y , Δ z is non-zero then the system of linear equations has __________
solutions.

20. If matrix A= [
2 −2
4 3 ]
, then find A−1.
 [ ]
−1 1 2
21. Find the inverse of the matrix A= 3 −1 1 and hence show that A ∙ A−1=I .
−1 3 4
22. Solving a system of linear equations (100% Sure to come in exam)
(i) Using Cramer’s Rule (Determinant Method), solve the following system of
equations:
2 x+3 y =5
11 x−5 y=6
(ii) Using inverse of a matrix. (Matrix Method), solve the following system of
equations:
x− y + z=4
2 x+ y−3 z=0
x + y + z=2
23. Case Study: An owl was sitting at ( 0 , k ) ; k > 0. Then it starts flying along the path whose

(i) Using Cramer’s Rule, find the values of 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐.

equation is given by y=a x2 +bx +c . It passes through the points (1, 2), (2, 1) and (4, 5).

(ii) Find the value of 𝑘.

24. Case Study: A toy rocket is fired, from a platform, vertically into the air, its height above
the ground after t seconds is given by s=a t 2 +bt +c . where and s is measured in metres.
After 10 second, the rocket is 16 m above the ground; after 20 seconds, 22 m; after 30
seconds, 25 m.
(i) Write down a system of three linear equations in terms of a , b and c .
(ii) Using Matrix Method, find the values of a , b and c .
25. Case Study: On her birthday, Prema decides to donate some money to children of an
orphanage home. If there are 8 children less, everyone gets ₹10 more. However, if there
are 16 children more, everyone gets ₹10 less. Let the number of children in the
orphanage home be x and the amount to be donated to each child be ₹y.
Based on the above information, answer the following questions:
(i) Write the system of linear equations in x and y formed of the given situation.
(ii) Write the system of linear equations, obtained in (i) above, in matrix form AX=B.
(iii) (a) Find the inverse of matrix A . OR (b) Determine the values of x and y .
26. Case Study: Rohini wants to give a rectangular plot of land for a school in her village.
When she was asked to mention the dimensions of the plot, she told that if its length is
decreased by 50 m and breadth is increased by 50 m, then its area does not alter, but if
its length is decreased by 10 m and breadth is decreased by 20 m, then its area will
decrease by 5300 sq m.
Based on the above information, answer the following questions:
(i) Assuming x m and y m as the length and breadth of the plot respectively, write the
system of linear equations in x and y .
(ii) Write the system of linear equations obtained in (i) in the matrix equation AX=B.
(iii) (a) Determine A−1. OR (b) Find the area of the plot.
27. Case Study: 10 students were selected from a school on the basis of values for giving
awards and were 10 students were selected from a school on the basis of values for
giving awards and were divided into three groups. The first group comprises hard
workers, the second group has honest and law abiding students and the third group
contains vigilant and obedient students. Double the number of students of the first group
added to the number in the second group gives 13, while the combined strength of first
and second group is four times that of the third group. Assume that x , y and z denote the
number of students in first, second and third group respectively.
Based on the above information, answer the following questions:
 (i) Write the system of linear equations in x , y and z formed of the given situation.
(ii) Write the system of linear equations, obtained in (i) above, in matrix form AX=B.
(iii) (a) Find the inverse of matrix A . OR (b) Determine the number of students
in each group.
28. Case Study: Two badminton teams A and B are staying in the same hotel. Team-A has 2
male and 3 female players accompanied by 1 coach. Team-B comprises of 1 male, 2
female players and 2 coaches. The daily diet requirement (calories and protein) for each
person is as given below:
Calories (u) Protein (g)
Male player 2500 65
Female 1900 50
player
Coach 2000 54
29. Case Study: Use matrix algebra to calculate the total diet requirement of calories and

described as given below, where 𝑝1,𝑝2 and 𝑝3 are the equilibrium price for each market
protein for each team. The equilibrium conditions for three competitive markets are

𝑝1 + 2𝑝2 + 3𝑝3=85
respectively.

3𝑝1 + 2𝑝2 + 2𝑝3=105

2𝑝1 + 3𝑝2 + 2𝑝3=110
Using matrix method, find the values of respective equilibrium prices.

Proof using properties of determinants (Basic Properties)

| |
29 5 3
30. Find the value of Δ = 79 7 9
42 2 5

| |
1 bc a ( b+ c )
31. Show that 1 ca b ( c +a ) =0
1 ab c ( a+b )

| |
a b c
32. Show that a+2 x b+2 y c+2 z =0
x y z

| |
1 1 1
33. Show that x y z =( x− y ) ( y−z ) ( z −x )
2 2 2
x y z

| |
a−b−c 2a 2a
3
34. Show that 2b b−c−a 2b =(a+b +c)
2c 2c c−a−b

All the Best