Lecture7 - Data Exchange and Interoperability
Lecture7 - Data Exchange and Interoperability
Construction
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DGN
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Electrical Design HVAC design
Facility Management
Quelle: Buildipedia.com
Why?
▪ large number of experts from different
domains
▪ distribution of planning tasks across
different enterprises
▪ different software solutions
▪ strong dependency of design decisions
Standardized
Data
Exchange
▪ the standardized data model for the exchange of Building Information Models
→ geometry and semantics!!
▪ developed and maintained by buildingSMART
▪ founded in 1995
▪ non-profit organization
▪ members: software vendors, consultants, institutions, …
▪ ISO-Standard: ISO 16739
▪ all BIM tools provide export and import functionalities for IFC files
▪ current official version: IFC 4.3
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2m_IL99WOzQ
Why?
Interoperability
Autodesk Architecture → IFC → Graphisoft ArchiCAD
Interoperability
Autodesk Architecture → IFC → Graphisoft ArchiCAD
▪ Open formats
▪ DXF, IGES, STL, VRML, 3DX, OBJ…
▪ pure geometry transport
▪ Limitations
▪ no semantics
▪ no modification possible
▪ limited use for downstream applications
(quantity take-off, simulations,
calculations, etc.)
BIM Modeling
Object-oriented modeling
▪ Schema vs. Instances
0
Schema IFC data model
Concrete
Instances building model
IFC file
position : vector
Wall Window
Opening
length: number has_openings 0..n contains 0..n width: number
thickness: number length: number height : number
1 contained in 1 contained in
height: number width : number
IfcBuiltElement
IfcBuilding IfcBridge IfcMarineFacility IfcRoad IfcRailway
STEP
EXPRESS-G
EXPRESS File
Link to Doc
Name of the entity
sub-classes
super-class
optional ?
Attributes / Relations
Inverse Attributes
Rules
https://technical.buildingsmart.org/standards/ifc/ifc-schema-specifications/
IfcBuiltElement Subclasses
▪ IfcBeam, IfcColumn
▪ IfcCurtainWall, IfcDoor
▪ IfcMember, IfcPlate
▪ IfcRailing, IfcRamp
▪ IfcRoof, IfcSlab
▪ IfcStair, IfcWall
▪ IfcWallStandardCase
▪ IfcWindow
▪ ...
Relationships
IFC Relationships
IfcRelAggregates
▪ Spatial Structure
→ Project
→ Site
→ Building
(→ Building Part)
→ Building Storey
IFC Relationships
IfcRelContainedInSpatialStructure
▪ assigning building elements
to storeys
IFC Relationships
Fills / Voids Relationship
▪ objectified relationships
hasOpenings fillsVoid
RelVoidsElement RelFillsElement
voidsElement hasFillings
IFC Relationships
IfcRelSpaceBoundary
▪ important for
→ Quantity Take-Off
→ Energy Analysis
M. Weise et al.: Implementation Guide: Space Boundaries for Energy Analysis. GSA & OGC, 2011
Film
IfcBuildingElementProxy
The IfcBuildingElementProxy is a
proxy definition that provides the same
functionality as any subtype of
IfcBuiltElement,
but without having a predefined meaning
of the special type of building element
it represents.
Property Sets
▪ store information which is not part of the standardized schema
▪ flexible definition of
properties without the
need to extend the
IFC standard
▪ Name-Value Pairs
Property sets
Specific properties based on the international IFC standard
Wall Opening
1 1 .. n Data Model
lenght height
thickness width
EXPRESS
height position
File
IFC 4
▪ Reference view
▪ Design Transfer View
Customized IFC-Export
1
2
© AEC3
© AEC3
Choose Setup
▪ Modify setup
© AEC3
Lehrstuhl für Bauinformatik
Building Information Modeling
Computerorientierte Methoden CAD
Technische Universität München
© AEC3
Queen‘s wharf,
Brisbane, Australia
Queen's Wharf,
Brisban
Essentials
Literature
▪ Borrmann, A.; Beetz, J.; Koch, C. ; Liebich, T.: Industry Foundation Classes: A
Standardized Data Model for the Vendor-Neutral Exchange of Digital Building
Models, In: Borrmann, A.; König, M.; Koch, C.; Beetz, J. (Eds): Building
Information Modeling, Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2015
Websites
▪ https://www.buildingsmart.org/
→ international website
▪ https://technical.buildingsmart.org/
→ specification, documentation, etc.
▪ www.buildingsmart.de
→ German website, research projects, etc.
▪ www.wbdg.org/bim/nbims.php
→ National BIM Standard USA
▪ …