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MATH 2180 Real Analysis I Problem Set 2: Due Date

The document is a problem set for a Real Analysis course, authored by Dr. Rob Martin, with a due date of February 13. It includes various mathematical problems and theorems related to convergence tests, double sequences, and series of functions. The problems require proofs and analysis of convergence properties in the context of real analysis.

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14 views2 pages

MATH 2180 Real Analysis I Problem Set 2: Due Date

The document is a problem set for a Real Analysis course, authored by Dr. Rob Martin, with a due date of February 13. It includes various mathematical problems and theorems related to convergence tests, double sequences, and series of functions. The problems require proofs and analysis of convergence properties in the context of real analysis.

Uploaded by

aignue
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MATH 2180 Real Analysis I

Problem Set 2
Dr. Rob Martin
Due Date: Thursday February 13, 08h30

1. The Abel convergence test.

(a) Complete the following proof of the Abel convergence test:


P∞
Theorem. SupposeP∞ that k=1 bk converges and that an is a bounded monotonic
sequence. Then k=1 ak bk converges.

Proof. Let b0 := 0 and then define BN := nk=0 bn . Then bn = Bn − Bn−1 for all
P
n ∈ N.
Hence
N
X N
X
ak b k = ak (Bk − Bk−1 ) (1)
k=1 k=1
= B1 (a1 − a2 ) + B2 (a2 − a3 ) + ... + BN −1 (aN −1 − aN ) + aN BN (2)
N
X −1
= Bk (ak − ak+1 ) + aN BN (3)
k=1
= ··· (4)

P P 1
(b) Suppose that an converges. Does 10 n an converge?
(c) Suppose
P that (an ), (bn ) are real
P sequences so that (an ) is bounded and increasing
and an bn diverges. Does bn converge?

2. Recall that Theorem 12.4 from lecture states that a double sequence converges if and
only if it is Cauchy. Prove a version of this for double series.

1
3. Let (am,n ) ⊆ R be a ‘monotone’ double sequence. That is,

m ≤ m′ , n ≤ n′ ⇒ am,n ≤ am′ ,n′ .

Prove that if this double sequence converges then it is bounded.

4. Prove the following statements:

(a) A double series of non-negative terms converges if and only if its double sequence
of partial sums is bounded.
(b) If a double series converges absolutely, then it converges.

5. If ∞
P n
P∞ n
n=0 a n x and n=0 bn x are two absolutely convergent power series with limits
A(x), B(x), respectively, show that if
n
X
cn := aj bn−j ,
j=0

P∞ n
then n=0 cn x converges absolutely to A(x)B(x).

6. (a) Let fn : S → R be a sequence of functions on a set S ⊆ R, and f : S → R. Prove


that fn → f uniformly on S if and only if dn → 0 where dn := supx∈S |fn (x) −
f (x)|.
2
(b) If fn (x) = e−nx , fn : [−1, 1] → R, what is the pointwise limit of this sequence of
functions? Does this sequence converge uniformly?

7. Determine whether or not the following series of functions converge on the given in-
terval. If they converge, determine the nature of this convergence. That is, do they
converge uniformly, absolutely and uniformly, or just pointwise? If the convergence is
pointwise, for which points is the convergence absolute vs. conditional convergence?
P k
(a) x on (−1, 1).
−kx
(−1)k e k on [0, ∞), and on [1/10, ∞).
P
(b)
P∞ xn
(c) n=1 n2 +x2 on [0, 1].

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