Advice

Contents
Introduction iv 7E.4 Neutralisation 72
7E.5 Where neutralisation is important 74
Biology 7E.HSW Investigations and safety 76
7A Cells: the body’s building blocks Questions 78
7A.1 What living things are made from 1 7F Simple chemical reactions
7A.2 How microscopes helped to change our ideas 2 7F.1 Chemical reactions 80
7A.3 What cells are like 4 7F.2 Reactions between acids and metals 82
7A.4 Different cells for different jobs 6 7F.3 Reactions between acids and carbonates 84
7A.5 How new cells are made 8 7F.4 Burning and fossil fuels 86
7A.HSW How ideas change 10 7F.HSW You don’t always get what you want 88
Questions 13 Questions 90
7B Reproduction 7G Particle model: solids, liquids and gases
7B.1 Patterns of reproduction 16 7G.1 Looking at substances 92
7B.2 Reproduction and development of humans 19 7G.2 The particle theory 94
7B.3 The menstrual cycle 22 7G.3 Using the particle model 96
7B.4 The uterus as home to the developing baby 23 7G.4 More uses of the particle model 98
7B.5 Birth and care of the baby 24 7G.HSW Brownian motion 100
7B.6 How humans change as they grow 26 Questions 102
7B.HSW Help with reproduction – ethical issues 28 7H Solutions
Questions 30 7H.1 Mixing solids and liquids 104
7C Environment and feeding relationships 7H.2 Common salt 106
7C.HSW Choosing a method for investigating animals 34 7H.3 Separating solvents and solutes 108
7C.1 Habitats 36 7H.4 Solubility 110
7C.2 Changing environmental conditions 38 7H.HSW Investigations with salt 112
7C.3 Feeding relationships 42 Questions 114
Questions 44 Physics
7D Variation and classification 7I Energy resources
7D.1 The same but different 48 7I.1 Energy and fuels 116
7D.2 The causes of variation 50 7I.2 Fossil fuels 118
7D.3 Describing living things 52 7I.3 Renewable energy resources 120
7D.4 Sorting things into groups 54 7I.4 Living things and energy 122
7D.5 How scientists classify living things 56 7I.HSW Ethical problems 124
7D.HSW Developing systems for classifying Questions 126
and naming 60 7J Electrical circuits
Questions 62 7J.1 Switches, circuits and symbols 128
7J.2 Inside a circuit 130
Chemistry
7J.3 Energy for the circuit 132
7E Acids and alkalis 7J.4 Parallel circuits 134
7E.1 What acids and alkalis are like 66 7J.5 Using electricity safely 136
7E.2 Telling acids and alkalis apart 68 7J.HSW Electricity: the pluses and the minuses 138
7E.3 Universal indicator and the pH scale 70 Questions 140

The contents of this book and CD-ROM are copyright Cambridge University Press 2008 iii
 Physics continued 7L The Solar System and beyond
7L.1 The Earth in space 154
7K Forces and their effects 7L.2 The four seasons 156
7K.1 About forces 142 7L.3 Lights in space 158
7K.2 Weight 144 7L.4 The Sun and the Moon 160
7K.3 Friction 146 7L.5 The Solar System 162
7K.4 Moving and stopping 148 7L.HSW Changing your point of view 164
7K.HSW Gravity 150 Questions 166
Questions 152 Summaries 168
Glossary/Index 180
Acknowledgements 188

Introduction
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iv Introduction