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Python 5

This document explains Python classes and objects, detailing how classes serve as templates for creating objects that bundle data and functions. It covers the creation of classes, the distinction between class variables (shared across instances) and instance variables (unique to each instance), and provides examples of defining and using these concepts. The document also illustrates object creation and attribute access using the 'Dog' class as an example.

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7 views3 pages

Python 5

This document explains Python classes and objects, detailing how classes serve as templates for creating objects that bundle data and functions. It covers the creation of classes, the distinction between class variables (shared across instances) and instance variables (unique to each instance), and provides examples of defining and using these concepts. The document also illustrates object creation and attribute access using the 'Dog' class as an example.

Uploaded by

shamayal7543
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Python Classes and Objects

A class in Python is a user-defined template for creating objects. It bundles data and functions
together, making it easier to manage and use them. When we create a new class, we define a new
type of object. We can then create multiple instances of this object type.

Classes are created using class keyword. Attributes are variables defined inside the class and
represent the properties of the class. Attributes can be accessed using the dot . operator

class teacher:

s = "teaching"

Create Object

An Object is an instance of a Class. It represents a specific implementation of the class and holds its
own data.

class teacher:

s = "teaching"

# Create an object from the class

teacher1 = teacher()

# Access the class attribute

print(teacher1.s)

Creating Object with __init__

class Dog:

species = "Canine" # Class attribute

def __init__(self, name, age):

self.name = name # Instance attribute

self.age = age # Instance attribute

# Creating an object of the Dog class

dog1 = Dog("Buddy", 3)

print(dog1.name) # Output: Buddy

print(dog1.species) # Output: Canine

output-

Buddy
Canine

Class Variables

These are the variables that are shared across all instances of a class. It is defined at the class level,
outside any methods. All objects of the class share the same value for a class variable unless
explicitly overridden in an object.

Instance Variables

Variables that are unique to each instance (object) of a class. These are defined within __init__
method or other instance methods. Each object maintains its own copy of instance variables,
independent of other objects.

Ex-

class Dog:

# Class variable

species = "Canine"

def __init__(self, name, age):

# Instance variables

self.name = name

self.age = age

# Create objects

dog1 = Dog("Buddy", 3)

dog2 = Dog("Charlie", 5)

# Access class and instance variables

print(dog1.species) # (Class variable)

print(dog1.name) # (Instance variable)

print(dog2.name) # (Instance variable)

# Modify instance variables

dog1.name = "Max"

print(dog1.name) # (Updated instance variable)


# Modify class variable

Dog.species = "Feline"

print(dog1.species) # (Updated class variable)

print(dog2.species)

output-

Canine

Buddy

Charlie

Max

Feline

Feline

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