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Roadmap to Learn computer science

This roadmap outlines a structured approach to learning computer science from scratch, divided into four phases: Foundations, Core Topics, Specialization, and Advanced Topics. It covers essential skills such as programming, data structures, algorithms, web development, and real-world applications, along with recommended resources. The final phase emphasizes advanced skills, project building, and career preparation.

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sumaiiyasheiikh05
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11 views

Roadmap to Learn computer science

This roadmap outlines a structured approach to learning computer science from scratch, divided into four phases: Foundations, Core Topics, Specialization, and Advanced Topics. It covers essential skills such as programming, data structures, algorithms, web development, and real-world applications, along with recommended resources. The final phase emphasizes advanced skills, project building, and career preparation.

Uploaded by

sumaiiyasheiikh05
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Roadmap to Learning Computer Science from Scratch

This roadmap will take you from a beginner to an advanced level, covering
fundamental topics, programming skills, and real-world applications.

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Phase 1: Foundations of Computer Science (1–3 Months)

Goal: Understand the basics of how computers work, fundamental programming


concepts, and problem-solving.

1. Learn How Computers Work

Understand hardware (CPU, RAM, storage, input/output devices).

Learn about operating systems (Windows, Linux, macOS).

Learn how data is stored (binary system, bits & bytes).

2. Learn a Programming Language (Choose one)

Python (best for beginners, easy to read).

JavaScript (for web development).

C or C++ (for system programming).

Start with basic concepts:

Variables & Data Types

Conditionals (if-else)

Loops (for, while)

Functions

Resources:

Harvard’s CS50x (Introduction to Computer Science)

Python for Everybody (by Dr. Chuck on Coursera)

3. Learn Computational Thinking & Problem-Solving

Learn pseudocode & flowcharts to design algorithms.

Solve small problems on LeetCode, CodeSignal, or HackerRank.

Work on basic projects (e.g., a calculator, a to-do list app).


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Phase 2: Core Computer Science Topics (3–6 Months)

Goal: Understand data structures, algorithms, and how software works.

1. Data Structures & Algorithms (DSA)

Arrays & Strings

Linked Lists

Stacks & Queues

Hash Tables

Recursion & Sorting Algorithms (Bubble Sort, Merge Sort, Quick Sort)

Trees & Graphs

Resources:

Grokking Algorithms (Book)

Introduction to Algorithms (CLRS)

FreeCodeCamp’s DSA Course

2. Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)

Learn Classes, Objects, Inheritance, Polymorphism.

Implement small projects using OOP.

Resources:

Python OOP Crash Course (YouTube)

Head First Java (Book)

3. Introduction to Databases

Learn SQL (MySQL, PostgreSQL) for relational databases.

Learn NoSQL (MongoDB, Firebase) for non-relational databases.

Practice CRUD operations (Create, Read, Update, Delete).

Project: Build a simple blog or notes app with a database.

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Phase 3: Specialization & Real-World Skills (6–12 Months)


Goal: Apply knowledge to real projects and specialize in a field.

1. Learn Web Development (Optional)

Frontend: HTML, CSS, JavaScript, React.js.

Backend: Node.js, Express.js, Django, Flask.

Full-stack project: Build a personal portfolio website.

2. Learn Software Development Best Practices

Version Control: Git & GitHub.

Testing & Debugging: Unit testing, debugging techniques.

System Design: Basics of designing scalable applications.

3. Introduction to Operating Systems & Networks

Learn about processes, memory management, file systems.

Understand how the internet works (HTTP, DNS, TCP/IP).

Resources:

Operating Systems: Three Easy Pieces (Book).

Cisco’s Networking Basics Course.

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Phase 4: Advanced Topics & Career Preparation (12+ Months)

Goal: Gain expertise and work on advanced projects.

1. Advanced Algorithms & Data Structures

Dynamic Programming

Graph Algorithms

Advanced Searching & Sorting

2. Cybersecurity & Cryptography (Optional)

Learn about encryption, authentication, and hacking techniques.

Explore ethical hacking & penetration testing.

3. Machine Learning & AI (Optional)


Learn Python libraries (NumPy, Pandas, TensorFlow).

Build a basic AI model (image recognition, chatbot, etc.).

4. Build Real-World Projects & Prepare for Jobs

Contribute to open-source projects on GitHub.

Build a portfolio of projects showcasing your skills.

Prepare for technical interviews (LeetCode, InterviewBit).

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Final Tips for Success

✅ Practice coding daily (even 30 minutes a day).


✅ Work on projects—real learning comes from building.
✅ Read code from open-source projects to learn best practices.
✅ Participate in hackathons and coding challenges.
✅ Join online communities (Reddit, GitHub, Stack Overflow).

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