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2.1 Conctructors

Constructors in Java are special methods that initialize objects and share the same name as their class, with no explicit return type. There are two types of constructors: no argument constructors, which initialize instance variables with fixed values, and parameterized constructors, which accept parameters to set instance variables. Java provides a default constructor if none is defined, but defining a custom constructor overrides it.

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3 views2 pages

2.1 Conctructors

Constructors in Java are special methods that initialize objects and share the same name as their class, with no explicit return type. There are two types of constructors: no argument constructors, which initialize instance variables with fixed values, and parameterized constructors, which accept parameters to set instance variables. Java provides a default constructor if none is defined, but defining a custom constructor overrides it.

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kimutaiallan16
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© © All Rights Reserved
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2.

1 Constructors
A constructor initializes an object when it is created. It has the same name as its class and is
syntactically similar to a method. However, constructors have no explicit return type.

Typically, you will use a constructor to give initial values to the instance variables defined by
the class, or to perform any other start-up procedures required to create a fully formed object.

All classes have constructors, whether you define one or not, because Java automatically
provides a default constructor that initializes all member variables to zero. However, once
you define your own constructor, the default constructor is no longer used.

Syntax
Following is the syntax of a constructor −

class ClassName {
ClassName() {
}
}

Java allows two types of constructors namely −

 No argument Constructors
 Parameterized Constructors

No argument Constructors
As the name specifies the no argument constructors of Java does not accept any parameters
instead, using these constructors the instance variables of a method will be initialized with
fixed values for all objects.

Example
Public class MyClass {
Int num;
MyClass() {
num = 100;
}
}

You would call constructor to initialize objects as follows

public class ConsDemo {


public static void main(String args[]) {
MyClass t1 = new MyClass();
MyClass t2 = new MyClass();
System.out.println(t1.num + " " + t2.num);
}
}
This would produce the following result

100 100

Parameterized Constructors
Most often, you will need a constructor that accepts one or more parameters. Parameters are
added to a constructor in the same way that they are added to a method, just declare them
inside the parentheses after the constructor's name.

Example
Here is a simple example that uses a constructor −

// A simple constructor.
class MyClass {
int x;

// Following is the constructor


MyClass(int i ) {
x = i;
}
}

You would call constructor to initialize objects as follows −

public class ConsDemo {


public static void main(String args[]) {
MyClass t1 = new MyClass( 10 );
MyClass t2 = new MyClass( 20 );
System.out.println(t1.x + " " + t2.x);
}
}

This would produce the following result −

10 20

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