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UNIT-V Object Oriented Programming

This document provides an overview of Object Oriented Programming in Python, covering class declaration, object creation, and member access. It explains key concepts such as constructors, inheritance, method overriding, and composition, including syntax examples. The document also describes the relationships established through composition and cardinality in class design.

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G028 Dhere Dnyaneshwar
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27 views

UNIT-V Object Oriented Programming

This document provides an overview of Object Oriented Programming in Python, covering class declaration, object creation, and member access. It explains key concepts such as constructors, inheritance, method overriding, and composition, including syntax examples. The document also describes the relationships established through composition and cardinality in class design.

Uploaded by

G028 Dhere Dnyaneshwar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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=============================================

UNIT-V Object Oriented Programming in Python


=============================================
Syntax: Class Declaration
-------------------------
class ClassName:
#list of class variables
#list of class constructor
#Class Method Definition

Example:
--------
class Student:
def getdata(self):
self.rollno=1010;
self.name="Dennis";
self.marks=98.99;
def display(self):
print("Student Roll No:",self.rollno);
print("Student Name:",self.name);
print("Student Marks:",self.marks);

Syntax: Object Creation


-----------------------
ObjectName=className();
Example:
--------
s1=Student();

Syntax: How to access member of the class:


-------------------------------------------
ObjectName.MemberOfClass

Example:
--------
s1.getdata();
s1.display();

constructor:
============
- Constructor is a special method of the class.
- In python __init__() method is called constructor.
- Syntax:
def __init__(self):
#body of constructor

Class Attributes:

__dict__ : display dictionary in which class namespaces is stored.


__name__ : it display name of the class.
__bases__ : it display tuple which contains name of the base classes.
__doc__ : it display documentation string.
__module__ : name of the module in which class is defined.

============================
Inheritance
============================
- The process of creating new class by using the concept of old class is known as
Inheritance.
- Syntax:
class A:
#properties of class A
class B(A):
#properties of class B
#Inherited properties of class A

Single Inheritance:
-----------------------
- To create new class from only one base class is known as Single Inheritance.

Method Overriding
==================

Composition Classes:
====================
- In Composition, we do not inherit from the base class but establish relationships
between classes through the use of instance variables.
- Composition also reflects the relationships between the parts, called as "has-a"
relationships.
- Composition enables creating complex types by combining objects of other types.
- This means, class composite can contain an object of another class component.
- The composite side can express cardinality of the relationship.
- The cardinality indicates the number or valid range of component instances.
- Cardinality can expressed in the following ways:
1) A number indicate the number of component instances that are contained in the
composite. The * symbol indicates that the composite class can contain variable
number of component instances.
2) A range 1..4 indicates that the composite class can contain range of component
instances. The range is indicated with the minimum and maximum number of instances.

Syntax:
---------
Class GenericClass:
#define some attributes and methods
Class ASpecificClass:
Instance_Variable_of_Generic_Class=GenericClass;
#use this instance somewhere in the class
some_method(Instance_Variable_of_Generic_Class);
Example:
---------
#for composition
class Gmail:
def send_email(self,msg):
print("Sending {} from gmail".format(msg));
class Yahoo:
def send_email(self,msg):
print("Sending {} from Yahoo".format(msg));

class Email:
provider=Gmail();
def set_provider(self,p):
self.provider=p;
def send_email(self,msg):
self.provider.send_email(msg);

client1=Email();
client1.send_email("Hello");
client1.set_provider(Yahoo());
client1.send_email("Hello");

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