Scribd
Upload
6 views

LAN architecture

The document outlines various LAN architectures including star, full mesh, and partial mesh topologies, as well as two-tier and three-tier campus designs. It discusses the roles of access, distribution, and core layers in these designs, emphasizing the importance of scalability and performance in large networks. Additionally, it introduces spine-leaf architecture for data centers to address bandwidth bottlenecks and latency issues associated with traditional three-tier designs.

Uploaded by

drananfackguyclaudio
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
6 views

LAN architecture

The document outlines various LAN architectures including star, full mesh, and partial mesh topologies, as well as two-tier and three-tier campus designs. It discusses the roles of access, distribution, and core layers in these designs, emphasizing the importance of scalability and performance in large networks. Additionally, it introduces spine-leaf architecture for data centers to address bandwidth bottlenecks and latency issues associated with traditional three-tier designs.

Uploaded by

drananfackguyclaudio
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 22

+

LAN ARCHITECURE
+
+
Star topology

 Star: when several devices all connect to one central device we can draw them in a
star shape like below, so this is often called a star topology.
+
Full mesh topology

 Full mesh: when each device is connected to each other device.


+
Partial mesh topology

 Partial mesh: when some devices are connected to each other, but not all.
+
Two-tier campus LAN design

 The two-tier LAN design consists of two hierarchical layers:


 Access layer
 Distribution layer

 Also called a collapsed core design because it omits a layer that found in the three tier
design: the core layer.
+

 Access layer:
 The layer that end hosts connect to (PCs, printers, cameras, etc.)
 Typically access layer switches have lots of ports for end hosts to connect to
 QoS marking is typically done here.
 Security services like port security, DAI, etc are typically performed here
 Switchports might be PoE-enabled for wireless Aps, IP phones, etc.

 Distribution layer:
 Aggregates connections from the access layer switches.
 Typically is the border between layer 2 and layer 3
 Connects to services such as internet, WAN, etc.
+
+
+

 In a large networks with many distribution layer switches expel in a separate


buildings, the number of connections required between distribution layer switches
grows rapidly.

 To help scale large LAN networks, you can add a Core layer.

 Cisco recommends adding a core layer if there are more than three distribution layers
in a single location.
+
+
+
Three-tier campus Lan design

 The three-tier LAN design consists of three hierarchical layers:


 Access layer
 Distribution layer
 Core layer

 Core layer:
 Connects distribution layers together in large LAN networks
 The focus is speed (fast transport)
 CPU-intensive operations such as security, QoS marking/classification, etc, should be
avoided at this layer.
 Connections are all layer 3. no spanning-tree!
 Should maintain connectivity throughout the LAN even if devices fail.
+
+
+
Spine-leaf architecture

 Data centers are dedicated spaces/building used to store computer systems such as
servers and network devices.

 Traditional data center designs used a three-tier architecture (access-distribution-


core) like we just covered.

 This worked well when most traffic in the data center North-south.
+
+
+

 With the precedence of virtual servers, applications are often deployed in a distributed
manner (across multiple physical servers), which increases the amount of East-West
traffic in the data center.

 The traditional three-tier architecture led to bottlenecks in bandwidth as well as


variability in the server-to-server latency depending on the path the traffic takes.

 The solve this, spine-leaf architecture (also called Clos architecture) has become
prominent in data centers.
+

There are some rules about spine-leaf architecture:


• Every leaf switch is connected to every spine switch.
• Every spine switch is connected to every leaf switch.
• Leaf switches do not connect to other leaf switches.
• Spine switches do not connect to other spine
switches.
• Ends hosts (servers etc.) only connect to leaf
switches.

The path taken by traffic is randomly chosen to balance


the traffic load among the spine switches.

Each sever is separated by the same number of hops (


except those connected to the same leaf), providing
consistent latency for East-West traffic.
+
SOHO networks

 Small Office/Home Office refers to the office of a small company, or a small home
office with few devices.

 SOHO netwokrs don’t have complex needs, so all networking functions are typically
provided by a single device, often called a home router or wireless router.

 This one device can serve as a :


 Router
 Switch
 Firewall
 Wireless access point
 modem
+

Merci

You might also like