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Csbs 403.2

The document provides an overview of operating systems (OS), detailing their key roles, functions, architecture, types, and real-world applications. It highlights the importance of OS in resource management, security, and user interaction, while also discussing future trends such as cloud-based systems and AI integration. The conclusion emphasizes the critical role of OS in modern computing and the need for continued investment in their development.

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10 views12 pages

Csbs 403.2

The document provides an overview of operating systems (OS), detailing their key roles, functions, architecture, types, and real-world applications. It highlights the importance of OS in resource management, security, and user interaction, while also discussing future trends such as cloud-based systems and AI integration. The conclusion emphasizes the critical role of OS in modern computing and the need for continued investment in their development.

Uploaded by

sukanta.csegmit
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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GARGI MEMORIAL INSTITUTE OF TECHONOLOGY

NAME- Arnab Paramanik

UNIVERSITY ROLL NUMBER- 28131123004

REGISTRATION NUMBER – 232810110013(2023-2024)

DEPARTMENT - CSBS

SUBJICT NAME - Computer Organization & Architechture

SUBJICT CODE- PCC-CSBS403

YEAR : 2nd

SEMESTER : 4
Introduction to Operating
Systems
An operating system (OS) is the fundamental software that manages a
computer's hardware resources and provides an interface for
applications to interact with the system.

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Key Roles of Operating Systems
Resource Management Hardware Abstraction Security and Protection

The OS allocates CPU time, memory, It hides the complexities of hardware The OS isolates applications,
and other resources to different from app developers, providing a preventing them from interfering with
applications running on the system. standardized interface for access. each other or accessing
unauthorized data.

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Functions of an Operating
System
1 Process Management 2 Memory Management

Scheduling processes, Allocating and deallocating


allocating resources, and memory to running
managing communication programs, implementing
between processes. virtual memory to extend
physical memory.

3 File System Management


Organizing files and directories, providing mechanisms for
accessing and storing data.
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Operating System
Architecture
Kernel System Programs
The core of the OS, Utilities like file managers,
responsible for handling command-line interpreters,
system calls, security, and and device drivers.
resource management.

User Applications
All non-OS software, such as word processors, web browsers, and
games.
Types of Operating Systems

Desktop OS Mobile OS Specialized OS


Designed for Optimized for mobile Embedded systems
personal computers, devices, such as in devices like
including Windows, Android and iOS. routers and cars,
macOS, and Linux. real-time systems in
critical applications.
Real-World Examples of OS
Usage
1 Smartphones and Tablets
Android and iOS power billions of mobile devices, providing
essential features like apps and communication.

2 PCs and Servers


Windows, macOS, and Linux are widely used in personal
computers, servers, and cloud computing.

3 IoT Devices
Embedded systems like FreeRTOS manage the functionality of
connected devices like smart home appliances.

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Statistics on OS Adoption

46%
Android
The most widely used mobile OS worldwide.

26%
Windows
Dominates the desktop and server market.

18%
iOS/iPadOS
Apple's operating system for iPhones and iPads.

5%
macOS
Apple's desktop operating system. preencoded.png
OS in Computing Infrastructure
Cloud Computing
Often runs on Linux-based servers, providing virtualized resources to users.

Supercomputers
Utilize custom OS, often based on Linux, to handle massive parallel processing workloads.

Networking Devices
Embedded systems manage the functions of routers, switches, and other network devices.
Future Trends in Operating
Systems
Cloud-based OS
Increasing reliance on cloud services for storage, computing, and
applications.

AI Integration
Integrating AI capabilities into the OS for personalized
experiences, predictive analysis, and automation.

Enhanced Security Features


Focus on bio-metric authentication, secure boot
mechanisms, and advanced malware detection.
Conclusion: The Role of Operating Systems in the
Digital Age

Operating systems remain the foundation of modern computing, enabling seamless interaction with devices, managing
resources efficiently, and providing a secure environment for applications. As technology continues to advance, the
demand for secure, cloud-based, and AI-integrated operating systems will only grow. Investing in OS development is
crucial for building the next generation of innovative and user-friendly devices.
THANK YOU

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