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Viscosity

Viscosity measures a fluid's resistance to flow and is categorized as dynamic (absolute) or kinematic. Dynamic viscosity quantifies internal resistance and is expressed in units like N s/m2 or centipoise, while kinematic viscosity is the ratio of dynamic viscosity to density, typically measured in m2/s or centiStokes. The document provides specific viscosity values for various liquids, particularly water at different temperatures.

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10 views3 pages

Viscosity

Viscosity measures a fluid's resistance to flow and is categorized as dynamic (absolute) or kinematic. Dynamic viscosity quantifies internal resistance and is expressed in units like N s/m2 or centipoise, while kinematic viscosity is the ratio of dynamic viscosity to density, typically measured in m2/s or centiStokes. The document provides specific viscosity values for various liquids, particularly water at different temperatures.

Uploaded by

sujayan2005
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Viscosity - Absolute (Dynamic) vs.

Kinematic
Vicosity is a fluid's resistance to flow and can be valued as dynamic (absolute) or kinematic.

Viscosity is an important fluid property when analyzing liquid behavior and fluid motion near solid boundaries. The viscosity of a fluid is a
measure of its resistance to gradual deformation by shear stress or tensile stress. The shear resistance in a fluid is caused by inter-molecular
friction exerted when layers of fluid attempt to slide by one another.

 viscosity is the measure of a fluid's resistance to flow

 molasses is highly viscous


 water is medium viscous
 gas is low viscous

There are two related measures of fluid viscosity

 dynamic ( or absolute )
 kinematic

Dynamic (absolute) Viscosity

Absolute viscosity - coefficient of absolute viscosity - is a measure of internal resistance. Dynamic (absolute) viscosity is the tangential
force per unit area required to move one horizontal plane with respect to an other plane - at an unit velocity - when maintaining an unit
distance apart in the fluid.

In the SI system the dynamic viscosity units are N s/m2, Pa s or kg/(m s) - where

 1 Pa s = 1 N s/m2 = 1 kg/(m s) = 0.67197 lbm/(ft s) = 0.02088 slug /(ft s) = 0.02089 lbf s/ft2

Dynamic viscosity may also be expressed in the metric CGS (centimeter-gram-second) system as g/(cm s) , dyne s/cm 2 or poise (p) where

 1 poise = 1 dyne s/cm2 = 1 g/(cm s) = 1/10 Pa s = 1/10 N s/m2

For practical use the Poise is normally too large and the unit is therefore often divided by 100 - into the smaller unit centipoise (cP) - where

 1 P = 100 cP
 1 cP = 0.01 poise = 0.01 gram per cm second = 0.001 Pascal second = 1 milliPascal second = 0.001 N s/m 2

Water at 20.2 oC (68.4 oF) has the absolute viscosity of one - 1 - centiPoise.

 Absolute (Dynamic) Viscosity - Online Converter

Liquids - Absolute Viscosities

Absolute Viscosity*)
Liquid
(N s/m2, Pa s)

Air 1.983×10-5

Water 10-3

Kinematic Viscosity
Kinematic viscosity is the ratio of - absolute (or dynamic) viscosity to density - a quantity in which no force is involved. Kinematic viscosity
can be obtained by dividing the absolute viscosity of a fluid with the fluid mass density like

ν=μ/ρ (2)

where

ν = kinematic viscosity (m2/s)

μ = absolute or dynamic viscosity (N s/m2)

ρ = density (kg/m3)

In the SI-system the theoretical unit of kinematic viscosity is m2/s - or the commonly used Stoke (St) where

 1 St (Stokes) = 10-4 m2/s = 1 cm2/s

Stoke comes from the CGS (Centimetre Gram Second) unit system.

Since the Stoke is a large unit it is often divided by 100 into the smaller unit centiStoke (cSt) - where

 1 St = 100 cSt
 1 cSt (centiStoke) = 10-6 m2/s = 1 mm2/s
 1 m2/s = 106 centiStokes

Water dynamic viscosity at 50 degree C:


0.5474 mPa*s
0.0005474 Pa*s
0.0005474 N*s/m2
Kinematic viscosity of water at 50 degree C:
0.5541 cSt
5.541e-7 m2/s
0.000005964 ft2/s

Water dynamic viscosity at 30 degree C:


0.797 cP
0.000797 Pa*s
0.000797 N*s/m2
Kinematic viscosity of water at 30 degree C:
0.8005 cSt
8.005e-7 m2/s
Water dynamic viscosity at 325 degree C:
0.0765 cP
0.0765 mPa*s
0.0000765 Pa*s
0.0000765 N*s/m2
Kinematic viscosity of water at 325 degree C:
0.1167 cSt
1.167e-7 m2/s

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