Lab Assignment – 1
JFlex
Instructions to getting started with JFlex
0. Prerequisites
Install JDK
Set the environment variable PATH to include JDK bin location
Open command prompt and check if java and javac commands are working
1. Install JFlex
Download JFlex compressed archive as per the instructions
in https://jflex.de/manual.html#Installing
Place the extracted content in a folder, say C:\JFLEX
Note the full path where jflex-1.9.1 is installed
Make changes to jflex.bat in bin directory to set JFLEX_HOME correctly
In my case JFLEX_HOME is C:\JFLEX\jflex-1.9.1
2. Prepare the specification File (standalone.flex)
The initial lines are to be added by default
After this regular experssion + action can be added
The first 2 rules starting with “name “ … are retained from example file (can be
ignored right now)
The rules to recognize ‘if’ keyword, identifier, integer and real are added below
them
You can add more along these lines.
—————–standalone.flex——————-
%public
%class Subst
%standalone
%unicode
%{
String name;
%}
%%
"name " [a-zA-Z]+ { name = yytext().substring(5); }
[Hh] "ello" { System.out.print(yytext()+" "+name+"!"); }
"if" { System.out.print(yytext() + " IF_KWD"); }
[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9]* { System.out.print(yytext() + " IDENTIFIER"); }
[0-9]+ { System.out.print(yytext() + " INTEGER"); }
[0-9]+ "\." [0-9]+ { System.out.print(yytext() + " REAL"); }
.+ { System.out.println(yytext() + " UNRECOGNIZED TOKEN"); }
3. Run jflex with spec file as the input
To run JFLEX: jflex <options> <specification-file>
Open command prompt
jflex standalone.flex
This will produce Subst.java file
Something as below will be printed to the terminal
Reading "standalone.flex"
Constructing NFA : 44 states in NFA
Converting NFA to DFA :
....................
22 states before minimization, 19 states in minimized DFA
Old file "Subst.java" saved as "Subst.java~"
Writing code to "Subst.java"
4. Compile Subst.java
javac Subst.java
5. Prepare the input file (input.txt)
——input.txt——
abc12
253
12.34
if
abc12
6. Run Subst with the above input
java Subst input.txt
You should see the following output
abc12 IDENTIFIER
253 INTEGER
12.34 REAL
if IF_KWD
_KWD
Lab Assignment
1. Implement a specification file that includes regular expressions to recognize
each and every C programming language construct.
a. All keywords
b. Identifiers
c. Integers
d. Floating point numbers
e. Whitespaces
f. All kinds of parantheses: (, ), [, ], {, }
g. semi colon, comma
h. Arithmetic operators: +, -, *, /, %, =, ++, --
i. Comparison operators: =, !=, <. >, <=, >=
j. Boolean operators: &&, ||, !
k. Bitwise operators: &, |, ^, !, <<, >>
l. Pointer operators: *, ->, &, .
m. Macros: #include, #define, #ifdef, #ifndef, #endif
n. Single line and Multi line comments
2. Demonstrate the correct identification of each lexeme.
. Use one or more C programs that cover the entire range of C constructs.
a. Run and show the correct categorization of each lexeme for each
program.
3. Try the following and check what happens
. Place the keyword rules below identifier rules.
a. Place < and = rules above <= rule.
b. Place rules of bitwise operators above Boolean operators
4. If a lexeme does not match any regular expression, you must throw an error.
How do you do it in JFlex? Explore and find out.
5. Whenever you recognize an identifier, you have to add it to an ArrayList.
Implement it.
6. Add the number of semi-colons encountered by using a count variable. This
tells you the number of statements in your program (roughly).
7. Write a separate specification file to recognize phone number, email id,
website link. Show it works with good examples.
8. Write a separate specification file to recognize roman numbers. Show it works
with different examples.
Test cases for C specification
1. short int long float double char if else for while do static extern auto typedef
……
2. abcd ab12 a1b2c3 a123 _____ a_b ab_ _a ……
3. 123 +123 -123 0 -0 0123 000123 0000 ……
4. 1.23 +123.0 -12.3 0.0 -0.1 01.23 0.00123 0.000 …….
5. Since space char, multiple space chars, single tab space, multiple tab space,
single newline, multiple new lines, combination of these
6. ( [ { ) ] } (){}[]
7. a; a,b
8. a+b a-b a*b a/b a%b +a -a ++a a++ --a a-- a+b-
12*16.5/10%c a-- - --b ++a - b++ a=b a==b
9. a<10 a<=10 a>b a>=b a==b a!=b
10. a !a a && b a||b !a&&b !(a||b)
11. 5>>1 10<<2 a|3 b&4 !a&!b
12. int a char **c &c student->age x.y
13. #define #ifdef #ifndef #endif #include
14. // This is a comment
/* This is a
multi-line
comment */
15. 2ab_c $# #$
16. stdio.h, math.h, string.h, unistd.h
