Scribd
Upload
3 views

Lect_02_OS_Basics

The document outlines the fundamental goals and functions of operating systems, emphasizing their role in managing hardware resources efficiently and providing a convenient programming model. It discusses the expectations applications have from operating systems, such as hardware abstraction and protection from malicious software. Additionally, it categorizes different types of operating systems, including multi-programming and multi-tasking systems, highlighting their operational characteristics and benefits.

Uploaded by

f20212684
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
3 views

Lect_02_OS_Basics

The document outlines the fundamental goals and functions of operating systems, emphasizing their role in managing hardware resources efficiently and providing a convenient programming model. It discusses the expectations applications have from operating systems, such as hardware abstraction and protection from malicious software. Additionally, it categorizes different types of operating systems, including multi-programming and multi-tasking systems, highlighting their operational characteristics and benefits.

Uploaded by

f20212684
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 8

OPERATING SYSTEMS CS F372

BIJU K RAVEENDRAN & TEAM

LECT #02: OS BASICS


[T1 Ch1]Abstract View of System Components

Wednesday, January 8, 2025 Biju K Raveendran @ BITS Pilani Goa 2


Goals of an Operating System
• Manages hardware resources so that the system
operates smoothly, efficiently, reliably and securely
• Presents abstract system model to programmer that
promotes simple and convenient access and control of
resources
• Maximize resource utilization [CPU, memory, I/O]
• OS must contain functions needed by many programs
– I/O device control, memory allocation etc.
– Maximum number of programs must get the benefit
– OS must not become bulky
Wednesday, January 8, 2025 Biju K Raveendran @ BITS Pilani Goa 3
Application’s Expectation from OS
• Hardware abstraction for convenience and
portability
• Effective and Efficient use of hardware with
maximum multiplexing among applications
• Protection of correctly running applications
from malicious ones
• Allow maximum sharing among application

Wednesday, January 8, 2025 Biju K Raveendran @ BITS Pilani Goa 4


What if NO Operating System?
• All we have is a bare hardware
• We need a mechanism to
– Load the program into memory
– Run the program & Store the result in persistent storage
– Unload the program to release memory [for the next
program to use]
• For doing all these functions we need at least a minimal OS
– It must be the resident code that run by default
– Allow us to load program and run by allotting necessary
resources
– After completion of the user program control must come
back to the operating system
Wednesday, January 8, 2025 Biju K Raveendran @ BITS Pilani Goa 5
Types of Operating Systems
• Main frame systems
• Batch, Multi-programming and Multi-tasking system
• Multi programming
– Keeps multiple runnable jobs loaded in memory
– Overlaps I/O of a job with computation of another
– Benefits from I/O devices that can operate
asynchronously
– Requires the use of interrupts and DMA
– Optimizes system throughput (number of jobs finished
in a given amount of time) at the cost of response time
Wednesday, January 8, 2025 Biju K Raveendran @ BITS Pilani Goa 6
Example
• [0] J1 → 8 CPU, 4 I/O, 3 CPU
• [1] J2 → 5 CPU, 5 I/O, 9 CPU
• [2] J3 → 2 CPU, 2 I/O, 6 CPU

Wednesday, January 8, 2025 Biju K Raveendran @ BITS Pilani Goa 7


Types of Operating Systems
• Multi-tasking (Time Sharing) Systems
– Logical extension of multi-programming system
– A time unit is divided into small slices and each user can
be allocated CPU
– Allows many users to share the computer simultaneously
– Uses multiprogramming and CPU scheduling
• CPU is multiplexed among several jobs
– Time sharing machine with Interactive I/O devices
improves user response time
– Gives illusion that each user has his own machine
Wednesday, January 8, 2025 Biju K Raveendran @ BITS Pilani Goa 8

You might also like