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HARDWARE

The document provides an overview of computer hardware, detailing its definition and essential components, including input devices, output devices, the central processing unit (CPU), storage devices, and communication hardware. Each category is explained with examples of specific devices and their functions. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of understanding hardware for effective computing and the ongoing advancements in technology.

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FECOBEN, CHERRY AMOR M.
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7 views3 pages

HARDWARE

The document provides an overview of computer hardware, detailing its definition and essential components, including input devices, output devices, the central processing unit (CPU), storage devices, and communication hardware. Each category is explained with examples of specific devices and their functions. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of understanding hardware for effective computing and the ongoing advancements in technology.

Uploaded by

FECOBEN, CHERRY AMOR M.
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Butuan Doctors’ College

J.C. Aquino Avenue, Butuan City

Definition and Principles of Computers

Submitted By:

Steven Rey A. Canete- Presenter


Princess Shayne Bangot- Reporter
Cherry Amor Ecoben- Researcher

Submitted to:
Mr. John Mark F. Veno

March 2025

INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER HARDWARE


Hardware refers to the physical components of a computer system that enable it to
function. These components work together to process, store, and display data. The primary
categories of computer hardware include input devices, output devices, processing units,
storage devices, and communication hardware.

COMPUTER HARDWARE AND ITS COMPONENTS


1. Input Devices Input devices allow users to enter data and commands into the computer.
Common input devices include:

 Keyboard: Used for typing text and commands.


 Mouse: A pointing device for navigation and selection.
 Microphone: Captures audio input.
 Webcam: Captures video input.

2. Output Devices Output devices display or produce results from the computer’s processing.
Examples include:

 Monitor: Displays visual output.


 Printer: Produces physical copies of documents.
 Speakers: Output audio signals.
 Projector: Displays enlarged images or videos
on a surface.

3. Central Processing Unit (CPU) The CPU is the brain of the computer, executing
instructions and performing calculations. It consists of:

 Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU): Handles mathematical operations.


 Control Unit (CU): Directs data flow within the system.
 Cache Memory: Provides quick access to frequently used data.

4. Storage Devices Storage devices retain data and software programs. Types of storage
include:

 HDD: Uses spinning disks for data storage.


 SSD: Faster and more reliable than HDDs.
 RAM: Temporary storage for active processes.
 ROM: Stores essential startup instructions.
 Flash Drives & Memory Cards: Portable storage solutions.

5. Communication Hardware These components enable data transfer between computers


and networks. Examples include:

 Network Interface Card (NIC): Facilitates wired or


wireless networking.
 Router: Directs data packets between networks.
 Modem: Converts digital signals for internet access.

In conclusion, computer hardware plays a crucial role in ensuring efficient and effective
computing. Understanding the different hardware components and their functions helps users make
informed decisions when selecting and maintaining computer systems. With advancements in
technology, hardware continues to evolve, improving computing performance and capabilities.

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