Course Title: HM 6454- ERGONOMICS AND FACILITIES 1

PLANNING FOR THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY

FINALS: THE IMPORTANCE OF FACILITIES PLANNING

Module 3: The Final Part

Objectives:
- This module aims:
1. To identify the other part of facility planning; and
2. To discuss the phases of facility planning.

Understanding the phases of a facility's life

A facility's life may be split into four stages: plan, design, build, and manage.
Consider the four phases of a structure from the standpoint of the facility's
owner. Plan The beginning of the building project might be an issue, such
as overpopulation in the present facility and the need for more space in
passenger numbers beyond the handling capacity of the existing terminal
would trigger the need for expanding the terminal or building a new
terminal.

The scoping and feasibility stages are included in the planning process.
Scoping the project is required to establish the scope of the project and
what facilities are required. This is accomplished by interviewing key
stakeholders and users to establish the first cut of requirements to
determine the size of the possible project. The feasibility study is the
following phase, in which numerous possibilities are produced and the
best one is chosen. At the same time, financing for the project must be
secured, as well as permissions and support from all levels of the
organization and essential stakeholders. city and demand for the greater
room.

For smaller projects, in-house workers would typically conduct the

feasibility study, whilst consultants will be hired for bigger projects. Within

Course Module 2
Course Title: HM 6454- ERGONOMICS AND FACILITIES 2
PLANNING FOR THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
FINALS: THE IMPORTANCE OF FACILITIES PLANNING

the owner organization, an in-house staff member will be designated as the

Owner's Representative (OwnerRep) and the project's single point of
contact. He is the organization's project representative to all internal and
external partners. This OwnerRep can take on the job of project manager
for the building project, or a project management consultant might be
hired to do so. The consultant team must be constituted as a prerequisite
to the design phase. Most businesses do not have an in-house design team
and instead employ consultants when a building project arises.

The architect, structural engineer, mechanical engineer, electrical

engineer, quantity surveyor, and other specialized experts comprise the
consultant team. Most organizations, particularly government bodies, will
hire these consultants through a tendering procedure. This guarantees that
the consulting services are procured fairly and transparently. The building
program, which describes the space and needs of the building, will be
created once the consultant team has been assembled. This construction
program is also known as the brief. Depending on the existing terminology
in that culture, the procedure is referred to as programming or briefing.
The program defines the spaces and accompanying regions that each space
requires. Each space's functional qualities are also specified.

The user needs of the owner and the tenants are collected and transformed
into space requirements throughout the programming phase. The design
phase is frequently divided into three sections. The steps will be referred
to as schematic design, design development, and tender documentation in
this book. Each level is named differently depending on the standards in
that country's built environment sector. Before going on to the next step,
the owner (client) signs off on the design documentation after each stage

Course Module 2
Course Title: HM 6454- ERGONOMICS AND FACILITIES 3
PLANNING FOR THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
FINALS: THE IMPORTANCE OF FACILITIES PLANNING

has been examined and agreed upon. The building program is converted
into the building's design at the schematic design stage.

Several plans will be refined to a final design scheme through an iterative

process of workshops, meetings, and feedback between the owner
organization and the designers. The schematic design, which includes floor
plans showing the layout and location of the various spaces, and the initial
design concept are refined during the design development stage, with all
structural systems and building systems (mechanical and electrical)
carefully integrated and checked for any clashes. This is achieved through
more workshops, meetings, and feedback.

After the client approves the produced design, this step is accomplished.
The specifications, tender drawings, and supporting contract terms are
created during the tender documentation stage. This is the final step of the
design phase when the drawings and documentation created during the
design development stage are refined further. After approval from the
client organization, a tender is called to pick a contractor to construct the
building. This Facility closes the design phase and pushes the development
process onto the construction phase. Build The building phase is also
known as the build phase.

Once a contract has been given to a general contractor, the building is built
by the general contractor and subcontractors by the design detailed and
stated in the contract drawings and paperwork. Throughout the building
phase, the primary contractor communicates with the design consultants
to clear up any misunderstandings and produces shop drawings and
material samples for approval by the consultants. The consultant team

Course Module 2
Course Title: HM 6454- ERGONOMICS AND FACILITIES 4
PLANNING FOR THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
FINALS: THE IMPORTANCE OF FACILITIES PLANNING

keeps track of the project's cost, quality, and timeline to ensure that it stays
under budget, fulfills quality standards, and is completed on time.

If the design changes, they will be addressed through the contract's

variations processes, and the contractor will be allowed to claim for
additional costs and time. After the building is finished, testing and
commissioning take place. Before rectifications, a last check for defects is
undertaken. Finally, the building is returned to the owner for habitation.
Manage The manage phase is the longest in the life of a structure, often
lasting 50 to 80 years.

References:

RIBA Plan of Work 2013.

https:// www.ribaplanofwork.com/ (accessed 16 May 2018)
Singapore Institute of Architects. (2002).

Conditions of appointment and architect’s services and mode of payment.

Singapore Institute of Architects. Stanford University Department of
Project Management (2010). The Project Delivery Process. Stanford
University.

Course Module 2
Course Title: HM 6454- ERGONOMICS AND FACILITIES 1
PLANNING FOR THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
FINALS: THE IMPORTANCE OF FACILITIES PLANNING

Module 2: Essentials of Facility Planning

Objectives:
- This module aims:
1. To identify the other essentials of facility planning; and
2. To discuss each essential.

#4. Recognize how the presence of people and their activities affects the
size and design of a place. Discover the basics of universal design, area
definitions, and space standards.

#5. Discover how to program construction spaces and how to choose a

development location. The "space” is focused on the inhabitants or human
users of the place and their actions.

In preparation for the design process, the user needs are collected,
translated into space sizes, and grouped into an ideal layout. Programming
is sometimes handled in-house or outsourced to consultants. In other
circumstances, early programming is completed by internal personnel
before being handed off to the architect, who expands and refines the basic
program. The chapter also delves into the site selection process and
criteria.

#6. Learn about master planning and how to optimize the long-term
phased development of a facility site.

Course Module 2
Course Title: HM 6454- ERGONOMICS AND FACILITIES 2
PLANNING FOR THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
FINALS: THE IMPORTANCE OF FACILITIES PLANNING

#7. Learn about the environmental consequences of development and the

major elements of the environmental impact assessment process.

#8. Learn about the fundamental parts of capital improvement planning

and how to create a capital improvement plan for a big institution.

Fundamentals 6–8 discuss various areas of facilities design for major

campus organizations. Airports and colleges are examples of this, as they
require significant amounts of land to be built over time. Master planning
is a significant aspect of facility planning for organizations with big
campuses, and the facility master plan is the culmination of the master
planning process.

Environmental planning is carried out for facilities with developments that

have a substantial environmental impact, such as big facilities like airports
that need extensive land clearing.

Universities are an example of an organization that does capital planning

since there are constantly new educational facilities that need to be erected
and older ones that need to be refurbished.

#9. Learn the factors that go into workplace planning and design.

#10. Discover how to manage space at a large facility using a space

management policy and tools.

Course Module 2
Course Title: HM 6454- ERGONOMICS AND FACILITIES 3
PLANNING FOR THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
FINALS: THE IMPORTANCE OF FACILITIES PLANNING

Fundamentals 9 and 10 investigate workplace planning and design

challenges. Taking offices as an example, planning and design for new
spaces are addressed with how to manage existing spaces to provide the
most value for the organization as a facilities manager.

Essential 9 delves into workplace planning and design aspects.

Workplace planning and design, meeting rooms, support spaces, and

technology are all taken into account. It also examines how to overcome
obstacles while establishing a new workplace idea. Lastly, it investigates
the increasing popularity of coworking spaces.

Essential 10 emphasizes the significance of space management and how it

may be done via the use of a space management policy and software.

The obligations of the various stakeholders, as well as the process of space

allocation and reporting changes in the usage of space, are investigated
using a case study of a university. It also considers the advantages of
employing software to manage huge space inventories, as well as the
resources required for a successful deployment of a space management
software system.

References:

John Wiley & Sons. Demkin, J. A. (2001). The architect’s handbook of

professional practice (Vol. 1).

Course Module 2
Course Title: HM 6454- ERGONOMICS AND FACILITIES 4
PLANNING FOR THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
FINALS: THE IMPORTANCE OF FACILITIES PLANNING

John Wiley & Sons. International Organisation for Standardisation. (2017).

ISO41011:2017 Facility management – vocabulary
https://www.iso.org/standard/68167.
html (accessed 4 Sep 2018)

Rondeau, E. P., Brown, R. K., & Lapides, P. D. (2012). Facility management.

John Wiley & Sons. Roper, K. O., & Payant, R. P. (2014). The facility
management handbook.
AMACOM Div American Mgmt Assn.
Royal Institute of British Architects. (2018).

Course Module 2
Course Title: HM 6454- ERGONOMICS AND FACILITIES 1
PLANNING FOR THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
FINALS: THE IMPORTANCE OF FACILITIES PLANNING

Module 1: Facilities Planning

Objectives:
- This module aims:
1. To discuss facilities planning.

With their experience in facility operation and maintenance, these

employees can give valuable feedback for facility planning and design, as
well as anticipate prospective operational and maintenance issues.
Because most organizations do not maintain in-house design expertise,
hiring design consultants to design new facilities is necessary.

Large owner organizations typically have in-house employees that may

serve as the single point of contact for the building project as the Owner's
Representative (OwnerRep). OwnerReps are often in-house staff with
experience in facilities planning and design.

The number of OwnerReps appointed is determined by the organization's

development workload and whether it wants to maintain this job in-house
or outsource it. In some major organizations, facility planning and design
are managed in-house by "facility planners" or "facility project managers"
who work in the facilities management department. The phrase "facility
manager" refers to the managers in the owner organization who handle
one or more of the following functions: operations, maintenance, planning,
and design. A facility manager must understand eleven fundamentals of
Facilities Planning and Design.

Course Module 1
Course Title: HM 6454- ERGONOMICS AND FACILITIES 2
PLANNING FOR THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
FINALS: THE IMPORTANCE OF FACILITIES PLANNING

Depending on the size and structure of the organization, the different

functions outlined can be performed by a single person or divided and
performed by several persons.

#1. Learn the phases of facility development and the stakeholders engaged
in building development.

#2. Recognize that the strategic strategy of the organization drives the
requirement for facilities. The facility’s master plan and strategic strategy
should be in sync.

#3. Learn the Owner's Representative's (OwnerRep) function and duties in

planning and design.

Discover how to handle the design consultant selection process. The first
three basics constitute the foundation of what a facility owner needs to
know about facility planning and design and cover the "What" and "Who"
of the complicated process of constructing facilities. It describes the many
stages of construction development and the stakeholders involved. This
serves as a background for the remaining essentials. Facilities must be in
line with the organization's overall strategy. The facility master plan,
which specifies the progressive long-term development for big campuses,
must flow from the strategic plan and be tightly aligned so that the facilities
fulfill the organization's vision and goal.

Essential 3 emphasizes that picking the correct consultants and firms to

collaborate with to complete the project is critical to its success. In this
scenario, the emphasis is on selecting design consultants for the
development project's design phase.

Course Module 1
Course Title: HM 6454- ERGONOMICS AND FACILITIES 3
PLANNING FOR THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
FINALS: THE IMPORTANCE OF FACILITIES PLANNING

This process begins with the creation of the design brief, which is included
in the tendering documents for the project's Consulting Services Tender.
In public organizations, the bidding process must be fair and transparent
so that the best-qualified business is picked based on assessment
standards that apply to all tenderers.

References:

Ashworth, A. (2012). Pre-contract studies: Development economics,

tendering and estimating. Blackwell.

Buxton, P. (Ed.). (2015). Metric handbook: planning and design data.

Routledge.
Chartered Institute of Building (Great Britain). (2014).
Code of practice for project management for construction and
development.

Course Module 1
Course Title: HM 6454- ERGONOMICS AND FACILITIES 1
PLANNING FOR THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
SEMI-FINALS: ERGONOMICS AND FACILITIES PLANNING IN
ENTERPRISE

Module 3: Essentials of Facilities Planning and Design

Objectives:
- This module aims:
1. To identify the essentials of facilities planning and design; and
2. To discuss each essential.

First, we'll define facilities planning and design. To do this, we will look at
the phrases "facilities," "planning," and "design" in turn. Facilities are the
areas in the built environment that people and their organizations utilize.
It might be as little as an office unit in a building or as large as an entire
building or a campus with many buildings. Infrastructure also includes
airports, seaports, land transportation structures, and utilities.

Facilities Planning and Design The first two steps in the creation of
facilities are planning and design. This is followed by the facility's building
or construction.

After the facility is finished, it is handed over to the facility manager, who
will operate it for the remainder of its useful life. Making plans to attain a
goal, such as the effective construction of a structure, is what planning
entails. Design is the process of turning the client's aims and demands into
floor plans and drawings that will allow the building to be
built. Recognizing the significance of facility planning and design The
facility manager is in charge of an organization's work environment,

Course Module 3
Course Title: HM 6454- ERGONOMICS AND FACILITIES 2
PLANNING FOR THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
SEMI-FINALS: ERGONOMICS AND FACILITIES PLANNING IN
ENTERPRISE

buildings, and campus. Having a thorough grasp of facilities planning and

design is crucial because it supports the organization's mission by
providing appropriate facilities, enhances the organization's performance,
and uses financial resources efficiently.

The mission of the organization is enabled by facilities (in the form of

buildings). A badly constructed building will not be able to serve its people
properly or successfully perform its intended function. A badly designed
retail center, for example, detracts from the shopping experience and
makes it more difficult to attract customers and tenants. A shopping center
that is constructed with the shopper's experience in mind, on the other
hand, will have a greater chance of attracting consumers and maintaining
tenants. A well-planned and built building can improve the performance of
the people and organization(s) that use it.

A badly planned structure reduces tenant productivity. For example, in a

factory building, the manufacturing process must be carefully considered
so that the layout and positioning of equipment allow and enables
personnel to operate at their best productivity. A central kitchen layout
adjacent to the restaurants and meeting rooms in a hotel or MICE
(meetings, incentives, conferencing, exhibitions) venue is an example of
this to assist centralize operations and decrease the amount of space
required by minimizing duplicate cooking facilities. Good facility planning
and design make optimal use of financial resources. Many structures have
a life expectancy of 50-100 years.

Throughout the course of its life, a badly planned and constructed building
will cost more to operate and maintain. This will have an impact on the

Course Module 3
Course Title: HM 6454- ERGONOMICS AND FACILITIES 3
PLANNING FOR THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
SEMI-FINALS: ERGONOMICS AND FACILITIES PLANNING IN
ENTERPRISE

profitability of the organization that occupies the property. A flexible floor

design enables for building reconfiguration as user needs change,
extending the structure's lifespan.

According to the International Organization for Standardization, facility

management is the "organizational function which combines people, place,
and process within the physical environment to increase the quality of life
of people and the productivity of the core company".

Large organizations have an in-house team of facility management

employees that oversees the operations and upkeep of the buildings.
Bigger organizations also have personnel in charge of facility planning and
design. Formerly, operations and maintenance personnel were not
involved in the facility's planning and design phases.

However, there is growing recognition that many of the challenges

encountered in operating and maintaining facilities could have been
avoided if these staff had been involved in the planning and design of their
facilities rather than simply receiving the facility after the construction
process was completed.

Course Module 3
Course Title: HM 6454- ERGONOMICS AND FACILITIES 4
PLANNING FOR THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
SEMI-FINALS: ERGONOMICS AND FACILITIES PLANNING IN
ENTERPRISE

References:

LightGuide, Inc. 2023. What is Ergonomics?

Retrieved from https://www.lightguidesys.com/resource-
center/blog/what-is-
ergonomics/#:~:text=There%20are%20three%20types%20of,they%20a
re%20in%20their%20work.

Course Module 3
Course Title: HM 6454- ERGONOMICS AND FACILITIES 1
PLANNING FOR THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
SEMI-FINALS: ERGONOMICS AND FACILITIES PLANNING IN
ENTERPRISE

Module 2: Reasons Why Facilities Management Is Critical

Objectives:
- This module aims:
1. To enumerate the reasons why facilities management is crucial; and
2. To discuss facilities management.

Facilities Management
The facilities of any organization, whether it is a retail space, restaurant, or
office building, are critical for both seamless operation and making a
favorable impression on visitors and clients. Facilities management is a
relatively new field, and it is critical to understand what it is, why it is
essential, and how it is carried out.

The International Facilities Management Association (IFMA) describes

facility management as "a profession that incorporates people, location,
process, and technology to assure the operation of the built environment."

Well managed facilities are essential in today's organizations for a

multitude of reasons, ranging from safety to employee motivation.

Four reasons why facilities management is required are discussed below.

1. It makes a favorable impression on guests.

Facilities that are well-managed are essential since they set the tone for
your company's initial image. Unmowed lawns and cluttered premises will
immediately give potential and present consumers the incorrect
impression.

Course Module 2
Course Title: HM 6454- ERGONOMICS AND FACILITIES 2
PLANNING FOR THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
SEMI-FINALS: ERGONOMICS AND FACILITIES PLANNING IN
ENTERPRISE

Smudged windows, filthy work environments, and dusty workplaces all

have the same impact.

Having professionally kept facilities is a big step toward making a

favorable first impression on individuals who visit your premises for
whatever reason. One of the reasons facilities management is required.

2. It improves work efficiency.

Having well managed facilities boosts the efficiency of the firm
considerably. There is virtually nothing that may disturb work if all of your
facilities are handled. Individuals will know where items are stored,
reducing the time spent seeking for resources and enhancing efficiency.

It also enables you to recognize and foresee issues before they occur, such
as running out of toilet paper or malfunctioning equipment, and to deal
with them as quickly as possible.

3. It boosts staff morale.

Employee morale is greatly influenced by well maintained facilities. It
helps individuals focus, take pleasure in their employment, and feel happy
to be a part of the organization. It also reduces sick days, increasing staff
productivity.

Employees benefit from excellent facility management because it results in

happier, more motivated, and productive staff.

Course Module 2
Course Title: HM 6454- ERGONOMICS AND FACILITIES 3
PLANNING FOR THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
SEMI-FINALS: ERGONOMICS AND FACILITIES PLANNING IN
ENTERPRISE

4. It contributes to cost savings.

It is critical to have efficiently managed facilities in order to save money.
Controlling your equipment and premises will reduce the frequency and
severity of maintenance issues, allowing you to save considerably on
expenditures.

It also allows you to concentrate on prevention rather than therapy since

you can deal with issues before they develop. This is also highly
advantageous for cost savings because costs will not accumulate into a
significant spend.

References:

Innovate. 2020. 4 Reasons Why Facilities Management is Important

Hospitality Management
FM Co
United Kingdon

Course Module 2
Course Title: HM 6454- ERGONOMICS AND FACILITIES 1
PLANNING FOR THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
SEMI-FINALS: ERGONOMICS AND FACILITIES PLANNING IN
ENTERPRISE

Module 1: Applying Ergonomics Throughout an Enterprise

Objectives:
- This module aims:
1. To enumerate the applications of ergonomics in an enterprise; and
2. To discuss each application.

Manufacturers should invest in technologies that include numerous, if not

all, forms to enable ergonomics inside a plant. Proven Industry 4.0
technologies such as projected augmented reality are a one-stop
ergonomic solution that can be readily deployed across production.

Projected augmented reality employs the finest ergonomic standards from

all disciplines. It smoothly connects to cobots, and ProGloves, or provides
instructions on height-adjusting tabletops on the LightGuide smart
workstationTM to improve physical ergonomics.

It reduces cognitive stress by offering immersive visual instructions that

present the correct information in the right place and at the right time.
Projected augmented reality boosts productivity and efficiency by
reducing memorization and superfluous motions, benefiting both the
business and the worker.

Overall, enabling physical and cognitive ergonomics facilitates

organizational ergonomics, maximizing production, quality, and
communications through manual data recording.

Course Module 1
Course Title: HM 6454- ERGONOMICS AND FACILITIES 2
PLANNING FOR THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
SEMI-FINALS: ERGONOMICS AND FACILITIES PLANNING IN
ENTERPRISE

Maximizing Efficiency and Safety to the Fullest

Ergonomics is more than simply a technique for relieving back discomfort.
Knowing the three categories gives you a better understanding of the
complicated work environment of the modern, mature manufacturing
floor.

Top manufacturers are emphasizing ergonomics and reorganizing their

workplaces and employee interactions. They earn enhanced worker
happiness, quality, and efficiency by doing so. Manufacturers eventually
obtain a higher bottom line.

Ergonomics in Organizations
Organizational ergonomics incorporates information gathered from
various areas of the industry, including physical and cognitive ergonomics,
to improve overall safety and efficiency.

"This means identifying ways to enhance cooperation, improve

communications, raise productivity, and boost the overall quality of a
product," according to Business Wire. This can manifest itself in a variety
of ways, such as uniform training, unified data storage through the cloud,
or lean manufacturing practices.

For example, operators are frequently the finest resource for

understanding and improving a process. You may consolidate
communications and standardize procedures by incorporating them into a
digital transformation strategy. You are not only capturing tribal wisdom

Course Module 1
Course Title: HM 6454- ERGONOMICS AND FACILITIES 3
PLANNING FOR THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
SEMI-FINALS: ERGONOMICS AND FACILITIES PLANNING IN
ENTERPRISE

but incorporating them will boost their acceptance and engagement with
new technology

Companies may ensure that their employees are cognitively diverse by

taking these practices that stimulate innovation and creativity.

By acknowledging cognitive diversity, organizations may uncover a wealth

of untapped potential and promote a culture that everyone can achieve.
Cognitive variety, in essence, increases an organization's potential for
change and adaptation. The first step in gaining a competitive advantage is
to encourage cognitive diversity.

References:

LightGuide, Inc. 2023. What is Ergonomics?

Retrieved from https://www.lightguidesys.com/resource-
center/blog/what-is-
ergonomics/#:~:text=There%20are%20three%20types%20of,they%20a
re%20in%20their%20work.

Course Module 1
Course Title: HM 6454- ERGONOMICS AND FACILITIES 1
PLANNING FOR THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
MIDTERMS: ERGONOMICS IN WORKPLACE

Module 1: Cognitive Talents

Objectives:
- This module aims:
1. To describe cognition; and
2. To discuss cognitive talents.

It's always a good idea to keep your cognitive abilities fresh, whether it's
through a morning crossword, a daily brain teaser, or you're getting into
the Wordle craze. However, even if we train our bodies via physical activity
and a healthy diet, it may be too easy to forget mental training.

However, it would be a mistake to ignore your cognitive abilities. Well-

developed cognitive abilities are now essential due to the increasingly
quick-paced demands of the modern workforce. To stand out in a cutthroat
job market, it is crucial to actively cultivate your cognitive abilities in
everything from empathy to creativity to attention span.

How do cognitive talents work?

Our capacity to analyze, observe, process, and respond in a variety of
situations depends on our cognitive abilities, which include our ability to
pay attention, prioritize, adapt, and think critically.

Cognitive talents are defined as "the ways your brain remembers, reasons,
keeps attention, solves problems, thinks, reads, and learns," according to
Indeed. Your cognitive talents aid in processing new information by
distributing it to the proper parts of the brain.

Course Module 2
Course Title: HM 6454- ERGONOMICS AND FACILITIES 2
PLANNING FOR THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
MIDTERMS: ERGONOMICS IN WORKPLACE

Similar to how cognitive skills are described by Sharp Brains, they are
"brain-based skills we need to carry out any task from the simplest to the
most complex. They have more to do with the mechanisms of how we learn,
remember, problem-solve, and pay attention, rather than with any actual
knowledge."

The act of answering the phone is another specific illustration of cognitive

abilities in use in Sharp Brains. Even though it can seem like a routine job,
it's simple to forget that picking up the phone requires a variety of
cognitive abilities. For instance, you employ perception to hear the
ringtone, decision-making to decide whether to pick up the phone,
linguistic skills throughout the discussion, and social skills to gauge the
other person's mood and engage in conversation.

As a result, we employ cognitive abilities every day—often unconsciously

and without being aware of it. Like breathing, certain cognitive abilities are
so deeply established as to be automatic. This does not preclude you from
developing your cognitive abilities, though. The exact opposite.

You must always improve your cognitive abilities if you want to keep your
mind sharp.

Well-developed cognitive abilities are becoming more and more crucial in

the profession. Cognitive talents were named as one of four "different
elements of talent" (DELTAs) that would be essential to the future of work
in recent research by McKinsey. Future-oriented professionals would do
well to acknowledge this and concentrate on honing their cognitive
abilities.

Course Module 2
Course Title: HM 6454- ERGONOMICS AND FACILITIES 3
PLANNING FOR THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
MIDTERMS: ERGONOMICS IN WORKPLACE

At work, cognitive abilities might appear in a variety of ways. Cognitive

abilities are the foundation of every high-functioning team, from
effectively processing and analyzing data to paying attention and
remembering information during meetings to problem-solving and
thinking on your feet.

Consider it this way: specialized information is always teachable and

transferable and is frequently updated. However, you can stand out if you
have timeless cognitive abilities, including flexibility and creative thinking.

References:

Dom Murray. 2015. Cognitive Abilities

Psychology
Daylight Transport
USA

Course Module 2
Course Title: HM 6454- ERGONOMICS AND FACILITIES 1
PLANNING FOR THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
MIDTERMS: ERGONOMICS IN WORKPLACE

Module 3: The Benefits of Cognitive Diversity in the Workplace

Objectives:
- This module aims:
1. To identify the benefits of cognitive diversity in the workplace; and
2. To discuss cognitive diversity and cognitive ergonomics.

The diversity of human thought is referred to as cognitive diversity. It

covers topics like how we interpret information, see the outside
environment, and make judgments. Cognitive diversity may be quite
helpful in the job. It may result in an improved invention, increased
creativity, and improved problem-solving.

An increasing movement to support cognitive diversity in the workplace

has emerged in recent years. This covers programs like encouraging
employees to think creatively and employing people from a variety of
backgrounds. Additionally, when people have divergent viewpoints, it may
be beneficial to question presumptions and promote fresh perspectives.

Benefits of Cognitive Diversity

Studies have shown that having a team of individuals with various points
of view may be advantageous in several ways. In the first research,
published in the Harvard Business Review, it was discovered that teams
with more diverse points of view were able to solve issues up to three
times quicker than teams composed of individuals who had the same point
of view.

The second research, conducted by Deloitte, discovered that cognitively

diverse teams can increase creativity by as much as 20%. Therefore, it

Course Module 3
Course Title: HM 6454- ERGONOMICS AND FACILITIES 2
PLANNING FOR THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
MIDTERMS: ERGONOMICS IN WORKPLACE

could be worthwhile to think about assembling people with diverse points

of view if you want your team to be productive and creative.

Benefits of cognitive diversity to company culture

There is no denying the value of cognitive diversity in the workplace. New
ideas and improved problem-solving techniques may be derived from a
variety of viewpoints and backgrounds. The potential impact of cognitive
diversity on corporate culture, however, is frequently underemphasized.

Because they feel comfortable being themselves and sharing their

viewpoints, employees contribute to a more positive and effective work
environment. Additionally, when staff members come together around
similar values and objectives, cognitive diversity can support the
development of a feeling of community within an organization. In the end,
cognitive diversity is crucial for achieving commercial success and
developing a positive work environment.

How to boost cognitive diversity in the workplace

There is a danger that workers' knowledge and abilities may become more
uniform as automation and artificial intelligence progress. This could
result in less originality and creativity as well as less problem-solving
aptitude. Businesses must encourage employees to think creatively and to
express their viewpoints to prevent this.

Making a space where all points of view are recognized and valued is one
method to do this. This may be accomplished by having an open mind,
being flexible in your thinking, and be prepared to question preconceived
notions.

Course Module 3
Course Title: HM 6454- ERGONOMICS AND FACILITIES 3
PLANNING FOR THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
MIDTERMS: ERGONOMICS IN WORKPLACE

Encouragement of employees to acquire new abilities and information is

another method for promoting cognitive diversity. This can entail
delivering incentives for lifelong learning as well as possibilities for
training and growth.

Businesses may guarantee that their staff is cognitively diverse by

implementing these actions, which will encourage innovation and
creativity.

Organizations may unlock a wealth of untapped potential and foster a

culture where everyone can succeed by recognizing cognitive diversity. In
essence, cognitive diversity improves an organization's capacity for
change and adaptation. The first step in gaining a competitive edge is to
support cognitive variety.

References:

HireEZ. 2017. Cognitive Diversity in the Workplace

Retrieved from https://hireez.com/blog/benefits-of-cognitive-diversity-
in-workplace/

Course Module 3
Course Title: HM 6454- ERGONOMICS AND FACILITIES 1
PLANNING FOR THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
MIDTERMS: ERGONOMICS IN WORKPLACE

Module 2: Ergonomic workplace

Objectives:
- This module aims:
1. To describe ergonomic workplace; and
2. To discuss the different categories of cognitive ergonomics.

Hardware Ergonomics
This kind of ergonomics is known as "classical ergonomics." It doesn't deal
with working content like the technical-physical parts of computer
systems, the direct and indirect environment of the system, such as the
appropriate design of the apparatus's location, the location's height, a
chair's specifications, and reflecting surfaces.

Physical ergonomics, cognitive ergonomics, and organizational

ergonomics are subcategories of ergonomics that are based on certain
human qualities and aspects of how people interact with their
environments.

Physical ergonomics is the study of how human anatomical,

anthropometric, psychological, and biomechanical traits relate to physical
activity, work attitudes, handling of materials, often occurring injuries
from movement, muscle-bone problems, organization of the workspace,
safety, and health.

Cognitive ergonomics examines how interactions with the remnants of an

observable system impact mental functions including perception, memory,
reasoning, and movement. The most crucial elements are mental effort,

Course Module 2
Course Title: HM 6454- ERGONOMICS AND FACILITIES 2
PLANNING FOR THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
MIDTERMS: ERGONOMICS IN WORKPLACE

decision-making, computer contact, human dependability, and work

stress.
Organizational ergonomics is the study of how socio-technical systems,
such as their organizational structure, regulations, and procedures, may be
made more efficient. Communication, task organization, cooperation,
communal ergonomics, cooperative work, and management are all
included in this field of ergonomics.

Ergonomics
The work environment where people interact with machines is also
designed by industrial engineers. Ergonomic engineering is the term used
for this. Ergonomics may be broadly divided into two categories:
•Occupational ergonomics (human factors) is the study of how well the
human body can withstand the physical demands of manual labor
(including lifting, twisting, and stretching), as well as how the
environment's temperature, humidity, vibrations, and other elements
affect the human worker. This is done to lessen workplace accidents and
boost productivity.
•The goal of cognitive ergonomics (task analysis) is to comprehend how
people behave while interacting with technology. Using this data, machine
display interfaces and controls are created to satisfy operator
requirements, reduce operator burden, and raise awareness of the
operation.

Workplace ergonomics
To create equipment, machines, tasks, and work environments that are
efficient, safe, and effective for human usage, occupational ergonomics
employs data about human capabilities. Occupational ergonomics offers

Course Module 2
Course Title: HM 6454- ERGONOMICS AND FACILITIES 3
PLANNING FOR THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
MIDTERMS: ERGONOMICS IN WORKPLACE

strategies for streamlining job operations. Understanding the ergonomic

principles of posture and movement that result in a secure, healthy, and
comfortable working environment is essential for workplace design.

The task and the body's muscles, ligaments, and joints required to
complete it determine the worker's posture and movement. Poor mobility
and posture can lead to stress, which can harm the neck, back, shoulder,
and wrist, and cause other work-related problems.

Musculoskeletal disorders are among the most typical work-related

ailments. These illnesses lead to ongoing discomfort, a loss of functional
ability, and employment disabilities. For instance, a badly designed tool
may hurt workers' overall performance, lead to accidents, and cause
human task mistakes. Industrial engineers assess these instruments to
identify possible harm sources and seek to enhance them to meet work
requirements and workflow.

References:

Gordana Colovic. 2011. Management of Technology Systems in the

Garment Industry
Ergonomics: Cognitive
Elsevier B.V.
Canada

Course Module 2
Course Title: HM 6454- ERGONOMICS AND FACILITIES 1
PLANNING FOR THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
MIDTERMS: ERGONOMICS IN WORKPLACE

Module 1: Cognitive Ergonomics

Objectives:
- This module aims:
1. To define cognitive ergonomics;
2. To identify the uses of cognitive ergonomics; and
3. To discuss the features of cognitive ergonomics.

Software ergonomics, a subfield of the study of human-computer

interaction, examines how computers may either support or block human
cognition. The human factors paradigm (and its extension in cognitive
ergonomics) has made it feasible to identify the aspects of programming
languages and specifications that influence performance.

These paradigms, however, were not created to investigate the formation

and organization of knowledge systems. While using cognitive
explanations, the cognitive ergonomics paradigm adopts a static viewpoint
of mental organization. Because of the wide range of individual variations
seen in the studies, critics of this paradigm have attacked research
conducted under it.

Cognitive Aspects of Computer-Aided Design

The field of cognitive ergonomics investigates how computers may

facilitate or obstruct human reasoning. Computer scientists, cognitive
psychologists, and other specialists from many fields are together to
discuss this multidisciplinary topic. The workstation should be designed to

Course Module 1
Course Title: HM 6454- ERGONOMICS AND FACILITIES 2
PLANNING FOR THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
MIDTERMS: ERGONOMICS IN WORKPLACE

accommodate the predicted workforce's size, physical capabilities, and

sensory abilities.

Unfortunately, these cognitive components—rather than physical

ergonomics—are the ones most frequently and seriously involved in
mishaps. It is necessary to raise awareness of:
•the degree to which conduct is influenced by design;
•the cognitive and psychological underpinnings of much of the work done
in operations, as well as how to assist these processes through effective
design;
•the consequences of human unreliability caused by design for the
industry in terms of health, safety, environmental harm, lost output, and
reputational loss;
•how to properly include HFE in design, as well as the benefits and
potential returns on investment.

The industry has not been very adept at examining how human variables,
particularly design-induced human unreliability, contributed to accidents.
Regulatory authorities as well as running corporations have long
acknowledged this. For logical reasons, the industry has long sought
straightforward, organized methods that apply to a wide range of
situations and don't require a deep understanding of the human sciences.
Even though there have been several attempts to create such methods,
they have largely been unsuccessful. Or at least, their effectiveness is
constrained when such techniques are removed from the control of those
who have the expertise in human factors or applied psychology necessary
to use them properly.

Course Module 1
Course Title: HM 6454- ERGONOMICS AND FACILITIES 3
PLANNING FOR THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
MIDTERMS: ERGONOMICS IN WORKPLACE

For incident investigators, receiving training on human error and human

error investigation methods is now standard procedure. However, in
practice, such training hardly ever provides the depth of understanding of
human performance psychology required to adequately analyze humans'
role in occurrences more than in minor ones. Human performance is
influenced by complex psychological and perceptual processes as well as
emotional emotions. The majority of big human errors, or the reasons why
knowledgeable and skilled individuals commit them, are not
straightforward. The "Swiss Cheese" model of accident causation proposed
by Professor Jim Reason and his associated classification of human error
as slips, lapses, and mistakes are now widely accepted.

However, compared to just labeling what occurred, they have proven of far
less use in figuring out why the errors occurred.

The majority of design flaws that may impair front-line employees' ability
to do their duties safely, effectively, and reliably are often known to them.
Every company should begin by inquiring of its staff how much they are
being penalized for not paying enough attention to human considerations
in design. The industry can better understand the psychological
complexity of human performance and, as a result, the reasons why people
regularly perform less than expected.

References:

Curtis, Bill. 1988. Cognitive Ergonomics

Course Module 1
Course Title: HM 6454- ERGONOMICS AND FACILITIES 4
PLANNING FOR THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
MIDTERMS: ERGONOMICS IN WORKPLACE

Handbook of Human-Computer Interaction

Five Paradigms in the Psychology of Programming
USA

Course Module 1
Course Title: HM 6454- ERGONOMICS AND FACILITIES 1
PLANNING FOR THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
PRELIMS: ERGONOMICS

Module 4: Types of Ergonomics

Objectives:
- This module aims:
1. To identify the types of ergonomics; and
2. To discuss each type of ergonomics.

When you hear the phrase ergonomic, you might imagine costly computer
seats intended to alleviate back strain. And physical ergonomics has a
significant impact on the workplace. Nevertheless, ergonomics as a whole
is far more complicated, with applications in a wide range of sectors,
including manufacturing. In this post, we'll look at ergonomics, its three
forms, and how to use it in your workplace.

What exactly is ergonomics?

Ergonomics is "an applied science concerned with creating and organizing
items people use so that the people and things interact most efficiently and
securely;" described by Merriam-Webster.

Above all, producers strive towards a highly efficient and safe workplace.
As a result, it comes to reason that ergonomics is crucial to an
organization's success. So how should ergonomics be used in a production
setting?

Ergonomics Types
When purchasing hundreds of new seats, it's critical to understand how
ergonomics impacts individuals. Ergonomics is classified into three types:
physical, cognitive, and organizational. Each of these influences how
people interact with their surroundings, which contributes to how

Course Module 4
Course Title: HM 6454- ERGONOMICS AND FACILITIES 2
PLANNING FOR THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
PRELIMS: ERGONOMICS

productive they are at work. Finally, each sort of ergonomics contributes

to not only organizational success, but also to employee happiness and the
bottom line.

Ergonomics (Physical Ergonomics)

For good reason, physical ergonomics is the most well-known type of
ergonomics. It is concerned with the physical strain placed on the human
body when doing tasks. Knowing physical ergonomics and how to
incorporate it has a significant impact on on-site safety.
When physical ergonomics is ignored, employees are more likely to
acquire musculoskeletal problems (MSDs). MSDs "impact the muscles,
nerves, blood vessels, ligaments, and tendons... which can enhance a
worker's risk of injury," according to OSHA. According to the Bureau of
Labor Statistics, MSDs accounted for 30% of all manufacturing worker
injury and illness cases in 2018.

Awkward body alignment, reaching high, and repetitively doing identical

duties are just a few of the behaviors identified by OSHA as causes of MSDs.
It is critical to reducing these hazards since work instructions are
produced by knowing who will use the instructions. Ergonomic Systems
Associates (ESA) outlined some of the many requirements for workstation
architecture based on the worker's requirements and the materials or
products they are working on.

For example, the weight of a material or item on which a maker is working

might have an impact on ergonomics as well as the worker's height.
Regardless of the workload, someone of 5'2" height will not be able to work
comfortably at a table designed for someone 5'9" tall.

Course Module 4
Course Title: HM 6454- ERGONOMICS AND FACILITIES 3
PLANNING FOR THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
PRELIMS: ERGONOMICS

Purchasing height-adjustable workstations can be a simple method to

guarantee that numerous workers can utilize the same station. So you
won't have to spend money on purchasing different types of stations or
assigning staff to different regions based on their body type.

References:

HVS. 2019. Ergonomic Designs

Hospitality Industry
Dohrmann Consulting
Head Office: 200 Mt Alexander Rd, Travancore, Victoria, 3032
Postal Address: PO Box 27, Parkville, Victoria, 3052
Tel: (03) 9376 1844
Fax: (03) 9376 3124
Email: [email protected]

Course Module 4
Course Title: HM 6454- ERGONOMICS AND FACILITIES 1
PLANNING FOR THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
PRELIMS: ERGONOMICS

Module 3: Ergonomics: Application Areas

Objectives:
- This module aims:
1. To define ergonomics; and
2. To discuss the application areas of ergonomics.

What is the significance of ergonomics?

In the workplace, the overall economic cost of work-related accidents and
illnesses is estimated to be $60 billion, according to Safe Work Australia.
According to a recent study, lower back pain is the world's most prevalent
work-related ailment, affecting people in offices, construction sites, and, in
the highest risk category, agriculture.

Ergonomics seeks to create safe, pleasant, and productive workplaces by

incorporating human abilities and limits into workspace design, such as
body size, strength, skill, speed, sensory capacities (vision, hearing), and
even attitudes.

In the larger population: The number of persons aged 75 and over in

Australia is expected to quadruple in the next 50 years. As a result,
equipment, services, and systems for public transportation, building
amenities, and living spaces will need to be created to meet the rising
demands of the aging population.

What is the process of Ergonomics?

Ergonomics is a relatively recent subject of science that celebrated its 50th
anniversary in 1999, yet it is based on research from several older, more

Course Module 3
Course Title: HM 6454- ERGONOMICS AND FACILITIES 2
PLANNING FOR THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
PRELIMS: ERGONOMICS

established scientific fields, such as engineering, physiology, and

psychology.

Ergonomists employ data and approaches from numerous disciplines to

achieve best practice design:
▪ Body sizes and forms; populations and variations
▪ Muscles, levers, forces, and strength are all examples of
biomechanics.
▪ Noise, light, heat, cold, radiation, and vibration are all examples of
environmental physics.
▪ Applied psychology: ability, learning, mistakes, and differences
▪ Groups, communication, learning, and behavior are all aspects of
social psychology.

Ergonomics, derived from the Greek ergon (work) and nmos (law), is a
science that investigates the interactions between human activity and its
components (tasks, tools, techniques, work environment, etc.) in order to
build systems that allow people to work in maximum efficiency, safety, and
comfort.

By extension, ergonomics refers to the qualitative condition that comes

from all of the optimized system's attributes (s). By definition, ergonomics
draws on the resources of various human-related disciplines, including
physiology, psychology, medicine, sociology and anthropology, economics,
and engineering.

Course Module 3
Course Title: HM 6454- ERGONOMICS AND FACILITIES 3
PLANNING FOR THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
PRELIMS: ERGONOMICS

Ergonomics And CSR

Ergonomics, as a subject with remarkable achievements in terms of
enhancing workplace well-being, is a critical component of CSR strategy.
As such, it is specifically stated as one of the ISO 26000 standards'
recommendations.

3 Dimensions Or Ergonomics
Ergonomics (Physical Ergonomics)
In physical ergonomics, it is essentially physiological interactions of
individuals and their activities that are addressed. Improvements are
sought in the areas of posture, body manipulation, carrying large weights,
motions (particularly repeated ones), workstation layout, safety measures,
and overall health.

Ergonomics of the Mind

Cognitive ergonomics is concerned with the mental (intellectual and
psychological) components of the operator-activity interaction, such as
perception, reasoning, memory, stimulus, and psycho-motor reactions,
among other things. The benefits of cognitive ergonomics are connected to
performance concerns, decision-making, managerial blunders, or stress.

Ergonomics in Organizations
This sort of ergonomics focuses on the structural concerns of professional
systems, such as process organization and operational laws. Human
resource managers are its preferred contacts. They focus on concerns such
as scheduling, workplace rhythms, and activity modes (like physical
presence vs remote work).

Course Module 3
Course Title: HM 6454- ERGONOMICS AND FACILITIES 4
PLANNING FOR THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
PRELIMS: ERGONOMICS

Common Applications of Ergonomics

Ergonomics may be applied to all aspects of human behavior, even those
that are not strictly professional. Yet, there are several industries that gain
greatly from ergonomics' contributions, and these include:

Transport safety: every notable occurrence or accident (automobile, train,

airline, etc.) triggers a series of analytical, diagnostic, and technical or
organizational reaction procedures that ultimately improve safety and the
comfort of drivers, cabin staff, and passengers.

The Internet's competition (particularly in e-commerce) promotes an

insane race for the ergonomics and design of sites and applications.
The problems of sustainable development (see Ergonomics and CSR
above) constitute a primary vector of ergonomic advantages in terms of
working circumstances.

References:

You Matter. 2020. Ergonomics

The Importance of Ergonomics
YM World
Australia

Course Module 3
Course Title: HM 6454- ERGONOMICS AND FACILITIES 1
PLANNING FOR THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
PRELIMS: ERGONOMICS

Module 2: Lean Management in Hospitality Industry

Objectives:
- This module aims:
1. To define lean management; and
2. To discuss the ideas and principles of lean management in hospitality
management.

The process of creating or organizing workplaces, goods, and systems such

that they suit the people who use them is known as ergonomics.

Most people have heard of ergonomics and associate it with sitting or the
design of automobile controls and instrumentation, which it is, but it is so
much more. Ergonomics is used in the design of everything that affects
people, including workplaces, sports and recreation, and health and safety.

Ergonomics (or "human factors" in North America) is an area of research

that seeks to learn about human skills and limits and then apply that
knowledge to enhance people's interactions with goods, systems, and
surroundings.

Ergonomics seeks to enhance workplaces and surroundings in order to

reduce the risk of damage or harm. As technology evolve, so does the need
to ensure that the tools we use for work, relaxation, and pleasure are
intended to meet our bodies' needs.

Technology, whether in POS systems or revenue management, is always

evolving. QR-tagged menus and contactless service are now available. As a

Course Module 2
Course Title: HM 6454- ERGONOMICS AND FACILITIES 2
PLANNING FOR THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
PRELIMS: ERGONOMICS

result, adopting agile architecture that can quickly accept these changes is
a concrete option.

Furthermore, employing analytics and big data assists in better

understanding the client base and personalizing offerings.

Apart from structural and design modifications, establishing an

ergonomics program may assist reduce operational expenses by lowering
costs and increasing productivity.

"Lean Management" is a well-known and successful program.

Lean Management optimizes the movement of goods and services across
value streams in order to develop efficient operations that demand less
human labor, space, money, and time. The objective is to create a high-
performance environment with the intention of increasing efficiency by
minimizing waste. Due to the present epidemic, many hotels and
restaurants are obliged to work with fewer personnel who are
multitasking and working on more than one duty. Such precautions are
more vital today than ever.

A significant mistake we see every day in restaurants and hotels is the

management or owner attempting to solve real-time difficulties rather
than discovering the fundamental cause of the problem. A lot of energy and
time might be saved by taking a step back and rectifying the process,
making the firm more efficient.

These are some instances of lean management:

Course Module 2
Course Title: HM 6454- ERGONOMICS AND FACILITIES 3
PLANNING FOR THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
PRELIMS: ERGONOMICS

➢ Employees should be cross-trained so that they can multitask and

remain motivated.
➢ Allowing workers to make comments and provide feedback
➢ Cutting costs creatively by frequently educating employees and
reevaluating vendor possibilities
➢ Investing in property upkeep on a regular basis
➢ Reengineering operations to better suit the expectations of
consumers
➢ Menu development in accordance with locally sourced products

In today's environment, hotel investors and owners must evaluate all

aspects of design and efficiency that influence revenue per square foot. The
optimum combination is ergonomically constructed hotels with
operational efficiency and lean management. The objective here is to
develop a balanced-functional structure and link operational efficiency
with eye-catching design while never sacrificing elegance or beauty.

By selecting the correct architect, consultant, brand, and operator at an

early stage, amazing outcomes may be reached – a short-term investment
for long-term profitability and sustainability. Finally, design is an ever-
changing reaction to our society's requirements.

Course Module 2
Course Title: HM 6454- ERGONOMICS AND FACILITIES 4
PLANNING FOR THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
PRELIMS: ERGONOMICS

References:

HVS. 2019. Ergonomic Designs

Hospitality Industry
Dohrmann Consulting
Head Office: 200 Mt Alexander Rd, Travancore, Victoria, 3032
Postal Address: PO Box 27, Parkville, Victoria, 3052
Tel: (03) 9376 1844
Fax: (03) 9376 3124
Email: [email protected]

Course Module 2
Course Title: HM 6454- ERGONOMICS AND FACILITIES 1
PLANNING FOR THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
PRELIMS: ERGONOMICS

Module 1: Ergonomic Designs

Objectives:
- This module aims:
1. To define ergonomics; and
2. To discuss ergonomic designs.

Course Module 1
Course Title: HM 6454- ERGONOMICS AND FACILITIES 2
PLANNING FOR THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
PRELIMS: ERGONOMICS

Course Module 1
Course Title: HM 6454- ERGONOMICS AND FACILITIES 3
PLANNING FOR THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
PRELIMS: ERGONOMICS

Course Module 1
Course Title: HM 6454- ERGONOMICS AND FACILITIES 4
PLANNING FOR THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
PRELIMS: ERGONOMICS

References:

Sethi, Ritvika. 2020. Ergonomic Design

Ergonomics and Lean Management in the Hospitality Industry
DRB Books
New Delhi, India

Course Module 1
Course Title: HM 6454- ERGONOMICS AND FACILITIES 1
PLANNING FOR THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
SEMI-FINALS: ERGONOMICS AND FACILITIES PLANNING IN
ENTERPRISE

Module 1: Applying Ergonomics Throughout an Enterprise

Objectives:
- This module aims:
1. To enumerate the applications of ergonomics in an enterprise; and
2. To discuss each application.

Manufacturers should invest in technologies that include numerous, if not

all, forms to enable ergonomics inside a plant. Proven Industry 4.0
technologies such as projected augmented reality are a one-stop
ergonomic solution that can be readily deployed across production.

Projected augmented reality employs the finest ergonomic standards from

all disciplines. It smoothly connects to cobots, and ProGloves, or provides
instructions on height-adjusting tabletops on the LightGuide smart
workstationTM to improve physical ergonomics.

It reduces cognitive stress by offering immersive visual instructions that

present the correct information in the right place and at the right time.
Projected augmented reality boosts productivity and efficiency by
reducing memorization and superfluous motions, benefiting both the
business and the worker.

Overall, enabling physical and cognitive ergonomics facilitates

organizational ergonomics, maximizing production, quality, and
communications through manual data recording.

Course Module 1
Course Title: HM 6454- ERGONOMICS AND FACILITIES 2
PLANNING FOR THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
SEMI-FINALS: ERGONOMICS AND FACILITIES PLANNING IN
ENTERPRISE

Maximizing Efficiency and Safety to the Fullest

Ergonomics is more than simply a technique for relieving back discomfort.
Knowing the three categories gives you a better understanding of the
complicated work environment of the modern, mature manufacturing
floor.

Top manufacturers are emphasizing ergonomics and reorganizing their

workplaces and employee interactions. They earn enhanced worker
happiness, quality, and efficiency by doing so. Manufacturers eventually
obtain a higher bottom line.

Ergonomics in Organizations
Organizational ergonomics incorporates information gathered from
various areas of the industry, including physical and cognitive ergonomics,
to improve overall safety and efficiency.

"This means identifying ways to enhance cooperation, improve

communications, raise productivity, and boost the overall quality of a
product," according to Business Wire. This can manifest itself in a variety
of ways, such as uniform training, unified data storage through the cloud,
or lean manufacturing practices.

For example, operators are frequently the finest resource for

understanding and improving a process. You may consolidate
communications and standardize procedures by incorporating them into a
digital transformation strategy. You are not only capturing tribal wisdom

Course Module 1
Course Title: HM 6454- ERGONOMICS AND FACILITIES 3
PLANNING FOR THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
SEMI-FINALS: ERGONOMICS AND FACILITIES PLANNING IN
ENTERPRISE

but incorporating them will boost their acceptance and engagement with
new technology

Companies may ensure that their employees are cognitively diverse by

taking these practices that stimulate innovation and creativity.

By acknowledging cognitive diversity, organizations may uncover a wealth

of untapped potential and promote a culture that everyone can achieve.
Cognitive variety, in essence, increases an organization's potential for
change and adaptation. The first step in gaining a competitive advantage is
to encourage cognitive diversity.

References:

LightGuide, Inc. 2023. What is Ergonomics?

Retrieved from https://www.lightguidesys.com/resource-
center/blog/what-is-
ergonomics/#:~:text=There%20are%20three%20types%20of,they%20a
re%20in%20their%20work.

Course Module 1