Scribd
Upload
59 views14 pages

NCERT Class 12 Maths Formulas

This document provides a comprehensive collection of important formulas from NCERT Class 12 Maths, organized by chapter for easy reference. Each chapter covers key concepts such as relations, functions, matrices, calculus, and probability. The formulas are essential for understanding and solving mathematical problems at the Class 12 level.

Uploaded by

Mayank pundir
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
59 views14 pages

NCERT Class 12 Maths Formulas

This document provides a comprehensive collection of important formulas from NCERT Class 12 Maths, organized by chapter for easy reference. Each chapter covers key concepts such as relations, functions, matrices, calculus, and probability. The formulas are essential for understanding and solving mathematical problems at the Class 12 level.

Uploaded by

Mayank pundir
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 14

NCERT Class 12 Maths Formulas

This document contains all the important formulas from NCERT Class 12 Maths, organized
chapter-wise for easy reference.
Chapter 1: Relations and Functions

- If f: A -> B and g: B -> C, then (g o f): A -> C is defined as (g o f)(x) = g(f(x))

- Inverse of a function: If f: A -> B is one-one and onto, then f^-1: B -> A exists such that f(f^-1(y)) = y

- Domain and Range: The domain of a function f(x) is the set of all input values, and the range is the
set of all output values.
Chapter 2: Inverse Trigonometric Functions

- sin^-1(x) + cos^-1(x) = pi/2

- tan^-1(x) + cot^-1(x) = pi/2

- sec^-1(x) + cosec^-1(x) = pi/2


Chapter 3: Matrices

- If A and B are matrices of the same order, then A + B = B + A (commutative property)

- Multiplication of matrices is associative: (AB)C = A(BC)

- If A is an invertible matrix, then A^-1A = I


Chapter 4: Determinants

- Determinant of a 2*2 matrix: |A| = ad - bc for A = [[a, b], [c, d]]

- Area of a triangle using determinant: 1/2 |x1(y2-y3) + x2(y3-y1) + x3(y1-y2)|

- Adjoint of A: adj(A) = transpose of cofactor matrix of A


Chapter 5: Continuity and Differentiability

- A function f(x) is continuous at x = a if lim(x->a) f(x) = f(a)

- Derivative of a function: d/dx [f(x)] = lim(h->0) [f(x+h) - f(x)] / h

- Derivative of composite functions: d/dx [f(g(x))] = f'(g(x)) * g'(x)


Chapter 6: Application of Derivatives

- Slope of the tangent to a curve y = f(x) is given by dy/dx

- Maxima and minima: A function has a local maxima at x = a if f'(a) = 0 and f''(a) < 0

- Increasing and decreasing functions: If f'(x) > 0, function is increasing; if f'(x) < 0, function is
decreasing
Chapter 7: Integrals

- Integral xn dx = (xn+1)/(n+1) + C, n != -1

- Integral e^x dx = e^x + C

- Integral 1/x dx = ln|x| + C


Chapter 8: Application of Integrals

- Area under a curve: A = Integral[a to b] f(x) dx

- Area between two curves: A = Integral[a to b] [f(x) - g(x)] dx, where f(x) >= g(x)
Chapter 9: Differential Equations

- General solution: The solution containing arbitrary constants

- Order of a differential equation: The highest order derivative present in the equation

- dy/dx + Py = Q is a first-order linear differential equation, solved by the integrating factor method
Chapter 10: Vector Algebra

- Magnitude of a vector: |a| = sqrt(x2 + y2 + z2) for a = xi + yj + zk

- Dot product: a · b = |a||b| costheta

- Cross product: a * b = |a||b| sintheta n (where n is a unit vector perpendicular to both a and b)
Chapter 11: Three-Dimensional Geometry

- Equation of a line: r = a + lambdab

- Equation of a plane: ax + by + cz = d

- Distance between two points: d = sqrt((x2 - x1)2 + (y2 - y1)2 + (z2 - z1)2)
Chapter 12: Linear Programming

- Objective function: A function that needs to be maximized or minimized

- Feasible region: The region satisfying all constraints

- Corner point theorem: The optimal value occurs at a vertex (corner point) of the feasible region
Chapter 13: Probability

- P(AUnionB) = P(A) + P(B) - P(AIntersectionB)

- Conditional probability: P(A|B) = P(AIntersectionB) / P(B), provided P(B) != 0

- Bayes' Theorem: P(A|B) = [P(B|A) P(A)] / P(B)

You might also like