fBULK TRASPORT-TANK LORRY OPERATION

Tank Lorry Fittings

1. Manhole assembly
a) Fill Pipe-100 mm dia, min 1 hole in vapour space, with splash deflector(45°),
b) Dip Pipe-38 mm dia, more than 18 holes required with 11 wire mesh/cm,
c) PV Valve-Pressure-0.21kg/cm , Vaccum-5 cm WG, Opening-3cm ,
d) Emergency Vent-fusible lead is provided,
2. Master Valve-integral part of shell, at sump, operation lever at rear side,
3. Fusible Link-closes master valve, as it melts at 93°C(lead) and disconnect it from master valve
lever,
4. Shear section-protect master valve, it breaks under strain, provided between the master valve and
discharge faucet,
5. Bottom Discharge Valve (Discharge Faucets) -Fitted to each compartment, ends threaded so that
the hose can be tightly coupled to the faucets (3” dia),
6. Discharge Hose-of rubber, electrically continuous, 3” brass coupling on both end,
7. Master switch-battery cut-off, double pole wiring, volt<24 volts,
8. Spark Arrester-A spark arrestor is a device which prevents the emission of flammable particles
from combustion sources,
9. Fire extinguisher-1kg DCP/CO2 in cabin, 10 kg DCP at easily accessible point,
10. Earthing(4 ohm resistance) and Bonding connection strip-To neutralize static charges,
11. Ladder/ Cat walk,
12. Vehicle Tracking System(VTS),
13. Battery covering, fuel tank covering,

hydraulic test certificate at 0.316kg/cm ,

Vapour Space:-Class A, B —> 3%, Class C - 2%

1
Tank lorry filling SOP

1. At security gate, invoice submission of previous load, and collection of invoice from planning
section,
2. Vehicle undergo safety checks, fire extinguisher removed, fuel tank locked, and PFS locks are
opened,
3. At gantry, vehicle should be in neutral gear, provide wooden wedge, connect earthing wire, master
switch OFF,
4. Master Valve open and discharge valve closed position,
5. Dip rod lowered into the tank before loading starts and not raised above liquid level during or
within 1 minute of completion of the loading so as to allow static charges to dissipate.
6. Place the filling hose / loading arm of the product that is to be loaded, into the fill pipe of the tank
lorry, provide bonding between loading arm and fill pipe, (Pump/valve operation as per SOP).
7. Filling through flow meter, Rate of loading maximum 1 m / sec. initially, which can be increased to
6 m / sec. after the filling pipe is fully submerged,
8. After filling Check gross dip and water dip,
9. Close fill pipe, dip pipe and master valve,
10. Earthing / bonding connections shall not be removed till the tank lorry is ready to move out from
the bay so that adequate time (minimum 2 minutes) is given for dissipation of electrical charges
generated during filling.
11. Drive out vehicle from gantry and Unlock fuel tank, provide PFS locks, provide respective fire
extinguisher,

STATIC CHARGES

They are produced by rubbing, conduction and induction.

Static Charges creates potential Difference, which can ionizes air and produce spark.
It can be prevented by providing bonding connection between two bodies to bring them at
equal potential or earthing of a body to bring it at zero potential.

2
Tank Lorry Details

Tank Lorry Fittings

3
Positive Displacement (PD Meter)

 Components- PD Meter(hydraulic motor with high volumetric efficiency), Pressure Gauge, Strainer
Cum Air Eliminator, NRV,TSV, Digital Control Valve(To Cut off Flow after preset Quantity and to
maintain flow rate pre-programmed in Electronic Batch Controller)
 Working- Converts whole flow into small packets, the number of packets that pass through the
chamber determines the volume. The rate of revolution or reciprocation determines the flow rate.
Magnetic Pickoff sensor provide electronic outputs for processors,
 Pressure drop=2.3 Psi(0.16 bar)
 K-factor= (100 pulses/Rev)/( 5.1 Ltr/Rev)=19.6 Pulses/ ltr.
 Accuracy regardless of pressure, temperature & viscosity variation within limit.

4
TANK FARM

Storage Tank

Under-Ground Tank Above-Ground Tank

Horizontal Tank Vertical Tank

Fixed Roof Floating Roof

Pressure(PV Valve) Non-Pressure(Atm.)(Vents) Internal Floating External Floating

Fittings of fixed roof tank

 Inlet/Outlet
 Product/Water Drain line
 Manhole
 PV Valve
 Dip Hatch(temperature/sample hatch)
 Datum Plate
 Manometer
 Earthling Connection
 Expansion Line/TSV(Always open except receipt)
 Safety Railings & Staircase
 Fire water sprinkler & Foam Pourer
 Curb Angle and wind girders.
5
  Temperature cum Water Probe, Radar Gauge, Servo Gauge, High Level Switch.
Additional fittings for floating roof tank
 Pontoons(floating roof)-air cavity
 Upper/Maintenance leg(1.8m) & lower/operational leg(1.2m)
 Primary Seal –foam for vapour loss
 Secondary Seal-fabric for water sealing
 Anti-Rotation Device (with holes to avoid capillary effect)
 Emergency Water Drain
 Roof Central Sump-Articulated drainage system(nowdays flexible pivot master)
 Roof Auto Bleeder vents

Valves

Gate Valves & Audco valve:-Manual opening/closing/flow control valve, with wedge shaped gate
between faces of valve seat operated by screwed stem
Plug or Ball type valve for wagon/lorries. Butterfly Valve,
MOV:-motor operating valves with manual override
NRV or Check Valve:-Provided at receipt line of tank,
Double Block Bleed Valve(DBBV):- Double blockage with bleed(vent) between them, used for
positive segregation in place of hammer blind valve(blind is inserted in pipeline between two
flanges),
ROSOV:-Remote operated shut off valves,

Underground Tanks

Underground tanks are cylindrical and horizontal, generally restricted to capacity of 200 kls,
installed in earth or masonry concrete pits, held in position by metal rings strapped around the
body and covered with earth so that only the fittings are visible.

The advantages in having such tanks are - negligible variation in product temperature, lesser
safety distances required to be maintained, no bund enclosure required and receipt at a faster
rate, even without use of pumps.

The disadvantages are - slower deliveries, suction problem faced during extreme hot weather or
due to defective foot valve, excessive corrosion, possibility of floating during heavy rains if empty
or with low stocks, small capacity, prolonged period of ventilation required for gas-freeing, higher
cost per kl, etc.

They are provided generally with two manholes, on the top, close to either ends, air-tight manhole
covers; vent pipe about 4m high and fitted with a vent or Pressure Vacuum (PV) valve, dip hatch,
perforated fill pipe extending almost to the bottom of the tank.

6
7
Floating Roof Tank
Settings of PV Valve

For A/G Tanks, Settings are Pressure – 55 cm WC(21.5”), Vacuum – 5.5 cm WC(2.5”)
For U/G Tanks, Settings are Pressure – 25 cm WC(10”), Vacuum – 2.5 cm WC (1”)
For RIM VENTS of FR Tanks, Settings are Pressure – 22 mm WC, Vacuum – 11 mm WC.

8
Dyke wall

Should contain the complete content of largest tank in the dyke in case of emergency.
Provided with 10% or 200mm of freeboard,
Total height - 1-2m
Inside dyke base should be impervious,
Dyke Designed to withstand hydrostatic load,
The dyke area shall have proper slope outward of tank pad towards the inner periphery of the
dyke enclosure to prevent reverse flow,
Earth-pits shall be provided outside of Dyke area and strips buried under the earth except at
termination points from a shortest possible distance.

Fire Break wall

It prevents transfer of surface fire due to leakage, form one tank area to another,

Kerb wall

Kerb wall of minimum 300 mm height shall be provided in the UG tank Farm Area to contain
accidental overflow.

Important Points

Safe height (95% of the tank capacity) and Proof level shall be indicated near the dip hatch.
Sand Pad Foundation & Ring Beam Foundation
Expansion Line:-Smaller dia. M.S. lines starting from the inlet and outlet pipelines beyond the
valves and protruding into the first strake of the tank shell. Always open except receipt. NRV is
provided.
Tank earth resistance shall be checked at least once a year and shall be maximum 7 Ohms.
Bund enclosure drain valve shall be kept in closed position except when draining out rainwater.
Bund area shall be clear of vegetation. Bund wall shall be intact without any gaps
Tanks shall be cleaned once in every 5 years. However, ATF tanks shall be cleaned every year
and Hexane & Ethanol tanks every 2 years.
Whenever any person is allowed on the Floating Roof, a stand-by person shall be present on the
landing platform, so as to render instant help in case of an emergency.
When the roof is partially immersed (conversion from floating to fixed),dip remains same with
delivery of product, hence it is very difficult to accurately calculate the exact quantity of oil.
Bolting Of shell with the base.

9
DOCUMENTATION ON TANK INSPECTION

1. Routine In Service Inspection-Monthly (Fixed), Quarterly (Floating)

2. Visual External Inspection- Yearly
3. Detailed External Inspection: 5 Years (With Corrosion Rate Based Assessment) else 3.
4. Internal Inspection-On Tank Cleaning. 15 Years (With Corrosion Rate Based Assessment)
else 10
5. U/G tanks – 10 Years.

Apart from above, history sheet containing all maintenance work after inspection should be recorded
in following formats,

1. Tank inspection and repairs card .

2. Data Record History Card .
3. Handing Over Taking Over(HOTO).

10
Product Knowledge

Fractional Distillation column product

Product Composition Bp range(°C) Uses

LPG C3- C4 <40 Bottled fuel
MS C5-C12 40-200 Light vehicles
Naphtha C5-C12 40-200 Solvent, urea
SKO(ATF) C12-C16 200-250 Domestic (aviation)
HSD C15-C18 250-300 Heavy vehicle(DG)
FO C15-C18 250-300 Power Plants
Lubes C19-C24 300-350 As Lubricants
Bitumen, waxes C25 & Above >350 Roads, water proofing

Product Properties

Prod Densi Flash Thermal expansion Calorific Value Remark

uct ty Pt coefficient (l/kl/°C) (kcal/kg)
(kg/kl (°C)
)
MS 700- <0 1.2 10800 Orange, Octane no~91, unleaded
750
SKO 750- >35 0.95 10000 blue dye-25ml/kl
800
HSD 800- >35 0.9 10000 Pale Yellow, Cetane No~51
850
LDO 850- >66 0.8 Brown, HSD+Residual, engine
900 speed<750rpm
FO 900- >66 0.7 9800 Black
950

STANDARDS(sulphur content in ppm)

Standards HSD MS
BS II 500 500
BS III 350 150
BS IV 150 50

Class of product

Class Flash Products

point(°C)
Class A <23 MS, Naphtha, Benzene, Toluene,
Hexane
Class B 23-65 HSD, SKO, ATF

11
 Class C 65-93 FO,LDO
OTHER PRODUCTS

 Benzene(drugs), toluene(drugs & explosives), hexane(vegetable oil ext.), Mineral turpentine oil
(MTO-paint),SBP (tyres)
 MS Variants- Speed, Speed 97
 HSD Variants- Hi-speed, Low Sulphur, high flash(navy), high pour pt(Army),

Crude is Classified as sweet and sour on the basic of sulphur content and paraffin (st
chain/branched), naphthalene (ring), aromatic (benzene type).
Important Properties:-MS (octane no), SKO (Flash Pt), HSD (Viscosity), ATF(Pour Pt, Zero Water
Content, conductivity)
Colour Code MS(orange), HSD(oxford Blue), SKO(golden Yellow), FO,ATF&LDO(Black),
Naptha(Brown), Fire Water(Red)

12
PRODUCT LOSS/GAIN ANALYSIS
1. Vapour loss for class A products,
a) Displacement loss (tank filling/decantation)
Volume of air-vapour mixture=volume of product filled/decanted
Contains 35% vapour % liquid drop expands by 208 times.(0.15 of displacement volume)

b) Breathing loss (temperature change)-- is calculated by ideal gas law ( PV/T = const)

(1030-5)*V1/(T1+273)=(1030+55)*V2/(T2+273)

2. Transit loss (TV & OC) -- On the basic of coefficient of thermal expansion.
3. Leakage/spillage/overfilling
4. Downgrading loss(mixing of low quality product),
5. Apparent loss(error in measurement),

PRODUCT LOSS CONTROL

1. Use of floating roof tank(ext floating, fixed roof converted to internal floating),
2. Minimize product transfer between tanks
3. Dip/sampling at morning/evening(use of slot slit dipping device),
4. Avoid turbulence/splash loading,
5. Use of tray/buckets,
6. Checking emptiness of wagons
7. Periodic check, maintenance, calibration,
8. For leakage from bottom of tank, try to maintain min water level,
9. Paintin g/cooling of tanks/pipeline,

Product transfer between OMC and from refinery on the basic of corresponding volume at 15c

ASTM Table-53B- Density at normal/Sample Temp/Density at 15c (720/30.5/733.5)

ASTM Table-54B- Density at 15c/Material Temp/VRF (733.5/28.6/0.985)
Volume at 15c=VRF X volume at normal,

Product delivered to RO on the basic of volume at normal (29.5C), (as RO delivers product to
customer at normal), but cost/kl at normal is less as it is calculated from cost/kl at 15C. Hence for
gain, Try to deliver quantity at higher temperature. At morning lorry filling from UG Tank
afterwards from AG tank.

Volume Handled=Opening Stock+Receipt

Throughput = all Dispatches
Loss % =Loss/Volume handled X 100
Cost/kL = Total Cost/Throughput
Each 2 kl~1 lakh
Sampling & Quality Control

Quality ControlCustomer satisfactionConforms specificationRefinery Good Condition,

13
 Allowable density Variation +-3 kg/m3.
Batch Number --- HSD/TW/BPC/BHT/TK01/02
Test A for each wagon and 2 hourly denstity at gantry.
In Case of interface always downgrade the product but for MS-SKOMS, HSD-SKOHSD.
25 ppm blue dye(25ml per kl), 5% ethanol, 189 ppm for speed(189ml per kl)

ACTIVITY SOURCE OF QUANTITY TYPE RETENTION PERIOD

SAMPLE
TWD(WAGON EVERY START MS-1L X 2, ALL LEVEL 15 DAYS
SAMPLE) MIDDLE AND HSD/SKO- SAMPLE
LAST TANK 1LX1
WAGON
TWD(TANK STORAGE TANKS MS-1L X 2, A/G(UML) 15 DAYS(SKO 30
SAMPLE) HSD/SKO- U/G(ALL DAYS)
1LX1 LEVEL)
MTM/ FIRST STORAGE TANKS MS-1L X 2, A/G(UML) ONE SET FOR LAB
BATCH HSD/SKO- U/G(ALL AND ONE EXTRA SET
FORMATION 1LX1 LEVEL) FOR RETENTION(30
DAYS)
TLFG SAMPLING POINT MS-1L X 4, RUNNING 30 DAYS(daily flash pt
HSD-1L X 2, test for sko)
SKO-1L X 1,

14
Colour Coding of Pipelines

15
Inspection of Piping System

External On-Stream Inspection: Visual Inspection Including UT Testing.

Frequency - 3 Years for all Product & Hydrant Lines

Comprehensive Inspection: Includes Hydro testing of Pipeline.

S. No. Pipeline Freq. Test Pressure Holding Time

01 Product Pipeline 5 Years 150 % of Max. Opr. Pressure 04 Hours
02 Fire Water Pipeline 3 Years 150 % of Max. Opr. Pressure 24 Hours
03 Cross Country Pipeline 3 Years 150 % of Max. Opr. Pressure 24 Hours

Cathodic Protection System for UG Pipeline.

S. No. Inspection & Maintenance Frequency Remark

1 PSP Monitoring of TRUs Fortnightly Register & Monitoring by Electrician
Using Company Vehicle (Can be
Integrated with Automation)
2 PSP Reading at TLPs Quarterly CP System AMC
3 Anode Bed Monitoring Quarterly CP System AMC
4 Inspection of Surge Diverter Quarterly CP System AMC
5 Checking of Insulating Joints Quarterly CP System AMC
6 TRU Inspection Quarterly CP System AMC
7 Inspection of Anode Cells Quarterly CP System AMC
8 Inspection of Pipeline Crossing Quarterly CP System AMC
(Interference Bonds)
9 Monitoring of Grounding Cell at Quarterly CP System AMC
MOV
10 CP Current Density Analysis Quarterly CP System AMC
11 On-Off Survey Yearly CP System AMC
12 B type TLP Monitoring Yearly CP System AMC
13 CIPL Survey (CAT & DCVG after Once in 5 Tender
CIPL Result) Years
14 Soil Resistivity Survey Once in 10 Tender
Years

Internal Corrosion: Corrosion Coupon Analysis, Electrical Resistance(ER) Probe, Corrosion Inhibitor
Efficacy Monitoring, PIG residual analysis.

CIPL Survey, CAT Survey, DGVC Survey.

Reference
16
1. OISD Std. 130 – Inspection of Piping System
2. OISD Std. 140 – Jetty Pipeline
3. OISD Std. 141 – Cross Country Pipeline
4. OISD Std. 188 – Corrosion Monitoring of Offshore & Onshore Pipelines.
5. RHQ Circular dtd 01.11.2017.

Pressure Testing of Ethanol Pipelines..

Modification in signal sharing….surge relief……..

Under ground Pipelines…..testing

Pump House

17
 Pumps

Positive Displacement(Black Oil)(High Pressure) Centrifugal(White Oil)(High discharge)

Reciprocating(Piston) Rotary Radial Flow Axial Flow

Screw Vane Gear

Requirements
The pump house should afford maximum flexibility for various operations.
Each product shall be provided with a separate pump and shall be positively segregated from
the pumps for other products.
The suction lines should be such that there is no cavitation to the pump, provided with foot valve
or flooded suction and suction strainer of at least 60 mesh. Suitable pressure gauges should
be provided on pump delivery lines.
Preventive maintenance schedule for the pumps shall be drawn to avoid sudden breakdowns.
The valves should be of raising stem type to enable visual indication of status.
Each pump unit shall be individually earthed as per BIS: 3043 and resistance shall be checked at
least once a year.
All motors and electrical fittings for the pumps shall be of flameproof type. Pump house shall be
covered at the top, but preferably be open from all sides for efficient ventilation. Guards shall be
positioned on the moving parts of the pumps. Electrical power lines shall pass through conduits.
Spillage, in the pump room shall be cleared immediately. All the pump units shall have drain lines
leading to a sump. Means of sucking the spillage collected in the sump shall be provided.
Pump hose manifold is a series of pipeline connections linking the pumps with:
1. Suction / delivery lines coming from individual product tanks
2. Pipelines connecting to various filling/ decanting areas.
3. Segregation is achieved by valves, spectacle blinds, Hammer blinds, spool pieces etc to
ensure only the required lines are connected to the designated pumps and no inter-product
mixing takes place.

Pump Maintenance Schedule

1000 hours or 3 months whichever earlier 4000 running hours or 1 year whichever
earlier

18
a) Bearing lubricant (for water contamination, a) Repeat all checks as above,
sediments) b) Flushing of bearing with lube oil and
b) Oil ring for performance refilling of oil to required level, whether
c) Deflector for looseness carried out or not
d) Constant level oiler for leakage c) Flushing of cooling water lines and
e) Mechanical seal for leakage strainers, whether carried out or not (to
f) Seal flushing/quenching system (of Mechanical ensure proper flow of cooling water.
Seal) for clogging and chocking. d) Foundation, foundation bolts and
g) Gland for leakage. supports
h) Cooling water flow in both the bearing housings e) Replacement of old packing with new
i) Condition of bearing by sound and temperature ones and condition of gland follower,
(in running condition), lantern ring and sleeves (in case of gland
j) Performance of all measuring instruments packing)
(Pressure/Temperature gauges and Flow f) Condition of coupling, coupling bolts,
Meters) nuts, spring washers and their conformity
k) Coupling Guard to uniform size. Change grease in half
l) Electric Motor load current coupling in case of gear type.
m) Axial position indicator (in case of multistage
pump)
n) Dowel pins (in position or not; wherever
provided)
8000 hours or 2 years whichever earlier 16000 hours or 4 years whichever earlier
a) Repeat all checks as above, Complete overhauling of the pump shall
b) Condition of outboard bearing, lock nut and lock be carried out.
washer (in case lock washer found damaged
and lock nut loose, shaft axial play shall be This shall include part-wise inspection as
checked) per item 4.5 and all checks specified for
c) Following items of Journal bearings : 8000 hours.
a) Clearance of I/B and O/B bearings
b) High spot (High Spots shall be scrapped)
c) Condition of thrust bearing, lock nut and
lock washer (in case lock washer found
damaged and lock nut loose, shaft axial play
shall be checked).
d) Pump float (adjust if necessary)
e) Oil filter for cleanliness if journal bearings are
hydrodynamic
f) Condition of mechanical seals,
g) Alignment (Misalignment shall not be more than
0.05 mm)
h) Painting of equipment, whether carried out or
not
i) Trial Run For 3-4 Hours
a) Discharge pressure
b) Suction pressure
c) Liquid flow (if possible)
d) Condition of Mechanical Seal/Gland
Packing
19
 e) Electric Motor load current at discharge
valve shutoff and open condition
f) Condition of bearing by sound and
temperature
g) Any leakage
h) Vibration and shock pulse reading as per
OISD 124

FIRE PROTECTION FACILITIES

 Fire triangle

1. To prevent fire-avoid ignition source

2. To stop fire-cutoff fuel or oxygen supply

Class of fire

Class A- Solid Fuel- water

Class B- Liquid Fuel- DCP/Foam/ATC
Class C- Gas/Electric Fire- CO2

Zone Classification

Zone 0- Vapour is always present- Top of floating roof tank

Zone 1-vapour is present during operation-Gantry/Wagon Shed/Pump House
Zone 2- vapour Present in case of Leakage- Manifold

Personal Protective Instrument (PPE)

Safety helmet, Safety Shoes, Safety harness, Safety Goggles, ear muff, hand gloves, dust respirator,
Self contained breathing apparatus (SCBA), Fire proximity suit

FIRE EXTINGUISHER
 DCP-10kg(Sodium or potassium Bicarbonate or Ammonium Phosphate, 10 kg DCP
Powder,200 gm, 30 sec),9,25,75 kg DCP
20
  CO2 Fire Extinguisher(2,4.5,6,8 kg) & ATC(Alcohol Type Concentrate Foam)

Pressure Testing after 3 Years & Checking after 3 months

Before Using Observe Wind Direction Carefully,
Fire Extinguisher Requirement
A/G Tank Farm 2 Nos. 10 Kg DCP extinguishers for each tank
plus 4 Nos. 25 Kg DCP extinguishers for each
Tank Farm positioned at four corners.
In case of adjoining tank farms, the no. of 25
Kg Extinguishers can be reduced by 2 nos.
per tank farm.
U/G Tank Farm 2 Nos. 10 Kg DCP extinguisher for each Tank
Farm
Pump House (Class A/B) 1 No. 10 Kg DCP for 2 pumps.
Up to 50 HP 1 No. 10 Kg DCP for each pump.
Above 50-100 HP 2 Nos. of 10 kg or 1 no. of 25 kg DCP for
Beyond 100 HP each pump.
Pump House (Class C)
Up to 50 HP 1 no. 10Kg DCP for every 4 pumps up to 50
Above 50 HP HP.
2 nos. 10 Kg DCP or 1x25 kg DCP for 4
pumps.
Tank Lorry Gantry 1 No. 10 Kg DCP extinguisher for each bay
plus
1 No. 75 Kg DCP extinguisher for each
gantry.
Tank Wagon Siding 1 No. 10 Kg DCP extinguisher for every 30 m
of gantry/siding plus 1 No. 75 Kg DCP
extinguisher for each gantry/siding.

6.8 Kg CO2. Tare Wt: 14.2 Kg, filled wt: 21 kg. Monthly Checking & HPT 5 years (250 KG), UT 3
years.
9 Kg DCP. 200gm CO2. Monthly checking. HPT 3 years (35 KG), UT 3 years.

21
Fire siren

Major Fire Siren ---- 2 minutes (30operated+15switched off+30+15+30)

Disaster Siren ------- 3 times major fire siren with interval of 2 minutes
All Clear Siren— continues for 2 minutes

MB LAL RECOMMENDATION
DBBV In Place Of Hammer Blind Valve for positive Segregation

22
 HVLR (High Volume Long Ranged)--Capacity 500/750/1000 GPM and above—Range 60-90m—
fixed/trolley mounted manually/automatically operated produces hollow jet/ fog---
horizontal(340°), vertical(+90, -15°C) --- foam induction from 60m.

MEFG (Foam Expansion Ratio-Low<50:1<Medium<500:1<high)

Rim Seal Fire Protection System(Foam soln + Nitrogen at 14kg/cm 2 and actuated by rate of
temperature change 7°C/min or max temp=54°C sensed by SS/copper sensor tube with foam
requirement of 18lpm/m2 of rim area in 40 seconds)

ROSOV, Hydro-Carbon Detector & CCTV Cameras, Impervious Dyke.

23
REFERENCES

OISD Standard Description Last

Revision
OISD-STD-105 WORK PERMIT SYSTEM Sept 2004
OISD-STD-117 FIRE PROTECTION FACILITIES Sept 2017
OISD-STD-129 INSPECTION OF STORAGE TANKS Nov 2006
OISD-STD-130 INSPECTION OF PIPING SYSTEM July 2008
OISD-STD-132 PV Valve Testing
OISD-STD-135 INSPECTION OF LOADING AND UNLOADING HOSES FOR Sept 2021
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
OISD-STD-137 INSPECTION OF ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT Apr 2016
OISD-STD-140 INSPECTION OF JETTY PIPELINE Sept 2021
OISD-STD-145 INTERNAL SAFETY AUDIT Sept 2021
OISD-STD-154 SAFETY ASPECTS IN FUNCTIONAL TRAINING Sept 2001
OISD-STD-155 PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT Sept 2021
OISD-RP-157 SAFETY IN TRANSPORTATION OF BULK PETROLEUM Aug 2019
PRODUCTS
OISD-RP-167 POL TANK LORRY DESIGN AND SAFETY Aug 2019
OISD-GDN-180 LIGHTNING PROTECTION Oct 2018
OISD-STD-188 PIPELINE CORROSION PREVENTION Aug 2019
OISD-GDN-192 SAFETY PRACTICES DURING CONSTRUCTION Apr 2016
OISD-GDN-207 CONTRACTOR SAFETY Apr 2016
OISD-GDN-211 LABORATORY SAFETY Aug 2019
OISD-STD-244 STORAGE AND HANDLING OF PETROLEUM PRODUCTS Jan 2015

24
IP Protection

First Digit (intrusion protection)

1. (or X - see section below): No special protection. Not rated (or no rating supplied) for
protection against ingress of this type.
2. Protection from a large part of the body such as a hand (but no protection from deliberate
access); from solid objects greater than 50mm in diameter.
3. Protection against fingers or other object not greater than 80mm in length and 12mm in
diameter (accidental finger contact).
4. Protection from entry by tools, wires etc, with a diameter of 2.5 mm or more.
5. Protection against solid objects larger than 1mm (wires, nails, screws, larger insects and other
potentially invasive small objects such as tools/small etc).
6. Partial protection against dust that may harm equipment.
7. Totally dust tight. Full protection against dust and other particulates, including a vacuum seal,
tested against continuous airflow.

Second Digit (moisture protection)

1. (or X - see section below): No protection.

2. Protection against vertically falling droplets, such as condensation. ensuring that no damage or
interrupted functioning of components will be incurred when an item is upright.
3. Protection against water droplets deflected up to 15° from vertical
4. Protected against spray up to 60° from vertical.
5. Protected against water splashes from all directions. Tested for a minimum of 10 minutes with
an oscillating spray (limited ingress permitted with no harmful effects).
6. Protection against low-pressure jets (6.3 mm) of directed water from any angle (limited ingress
permitted with no harmful effects).
7. Protection against direct high pressure jets.
8. Protection against full immersion for up to 30 minutes at depths between 15 cm and 1 metre
(limited ingress permitted with no harmful effects).
9. Protection against extended immersion under higher pressure (i.e. greater depths). Precise
parameters of this test will be set and advertised by the manufacturer and may include
additional factors such as temperature fluctuations and flow rates, depending on equipment
type.
10. (K): Protection against high-pressure, high-temperature jet sprays, wash-downs or steam-
cleaning procedures - this rating is most often seen in specific road vehicle applications
(standard ISO 20653:2013 Road Vehicles - Degrees of protection).

IPX Ratings
Not an entirely valid IP rating, but still occassionally seen on websites offering enclosures (but more
commonly lighting). The "x" simply denotes that the value for that number is missing. You can replace
it with a zero, assuming that it has not ingress protection rating. This may not be the case, but better
safe than sorry. The first number denotes foreign body ingress protection, the second moisture. So
"x"5 for example, means that there is no defined protection from solid objects, but protection against

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low pressure water jets, while 5"x" would denote partial protection from dust, but no particular
protection from moisture.
While we cover a huge range of electrical enclosures, our most common IP ratings are probably 65,
66, 67 and 68. So for quick reference, these are defined below:

 IP65 Enclosure - IP rated as "dust tight" and protected against water projected from a nozzle.
 IP66 Enclosure - IP rated as "dust tight" and protected against heavy seas or powerful jets of
water.
 IP 67 Enclosures - IP rated as "dust tight" and protected against immersion. for 30 minutes at
depths 150mm - 1000mm
 IP 68 Enclosures - IP rated as "dust tight" and protected against complete, continuous
submersion in water.

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