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Lab 3

The document outlines a Python program that implements Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to reduce the dimensionality of the Iris dataset from 4 features to 2. It includes steps for loading the dataset, standardizing the data, applying PCA, and visualizing the results with a scatter plot. The explained variance ratio indicates how much variance is captured by the two principal components.

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2 views3 pages

Lab 3

The document outlines a Python program that implements Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to reduce the dimensionality of the Iris dataset from 4 features to 2. It includes steps for loading the dataset, standardizing the data, applying PCA, and visualizing the results with a scatter plot. The explained variance ratio indicates how much variance is captured by the two principal components.

Uploaded by

binu28443
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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3.

Develop a program to implement Principal Component Analysis (PCA)


for reducing the dimensionality of the Iris dataset from 4 features to 2
import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from sklearn.datasets import load_iris
from sklearn.decomposition import PCA
from sklearn.preprocessing import StandardScaler

# Load the Iris dataset


iris = load_iris()
print(iris.feature_names) # Column names
print(iris.target_names) # Class names

df = pd.DataFrame(data=iris.data, columns=iris.feature_names)
print(df.head())

# Standardize data before applying PCA


df_standardized = StandardScaler().fit_transform(df)

# Apply PCA with 2 components


pca = PCA(n_components=2)
principalComponents = pca.fit_transform(df_standardized)

# Create a new DataFrame with the principal components


pdf = pd.DataFrame(data=principalComponents, columns=['Principal Component 1', 'Principal
Component 2'])

# Concatenate the DataFrame with class labels


finalDf = pd.concat([pdf, pd.DataFrame(data=iris.target, columns=['target'])], axis=1)
print(finalDf.head())

# Visualize the data


fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(8, 6))
ax.set_xlabel('Principal Component 1', fontsize=15)
ax.set_ylabel('Principal Component 2', fontsize=15)
explained_variance = sum(pca.explained_variance_ratio_)
ax.set_title(f'2 Component PCA (Explained Variance: {explained_variance:.2f})', fontsize=20)

targets = [0, 1, 2]
colors = ['r', 'g', 'b']
for target, color in zip(targets, colors):
indicesToKeep = finalDf['target'] == target
ax.scatter(finalDf.loc[indicesToKeep, 'Principal Component 1'],
finalDf.loc[indicesToKeep, 'Principal Component 2'],
c=color, label=iris.target_names[target], s=50, edgecolors='k')

ax.legend()
ax.grid()
plt.show()

# Print explained variance ratio


print('Explained variance ratio:', pca.explained_variance_ratio_)

Output
['sepal length (cm)', 'sepal width (cm)', 'petal length (cm)', 'petal width (cm)']
['setosa' 'versicolor' 'virginica']
sepal length (cm) sepal width (cm) petal length (cm) petal width (cm)
0 5.1 3.5 1.4 0.2
1 4.9 3.0 1.4 0.2
2 4.7 3.2 1.3 0.2
3 4.6 3.1 1.5 0.2
4 5.0 3.6 1.4 0.2
Principal Component 1 Principal Component 2 target
0 -2.264703 0.480027 0
1 -2.080961 -0.674134 0
2 -2.364229 -0.341908 0
3 -2.299384 -0.597395 0
4 -2.389842 0.646835 0
Explained variance ratio: [0.72962445 0.22850762]

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