Question Bank with Solutions Differential Equations

DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
One Marks Questions (Fill in the blanks) 18. The order of the differential equation
1. The order of differential equation 𝑑𝑦 2 𝑑𝑦
(𝑑𝑥 ) + 𝑑𝑥 − cos 2 𝑦 = 0 is ______
𝑑𝑦
𝑑3 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
𝑑𝑥 3
+ 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑒 𝑑𝑥 = 0 is _____ 19. The degree of differential equation
2. The order of differential equation is (𝑦 ′′ )2 + 𝑦 ′ − sin2 𝑦 = 𝟎 is ______
5 20. The degree of the differential equation
𝑑3 𝑦 𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
(𝑑𝑥 3 ) + 3 𝑑𝑥 2 + 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑦 = 0 is ____
𝑦 ′′ + (𝑦 ′ )2 + 2𝑦 = 0 is _____
3. The order of differential equation 21. The degree of the differential equation
𝑑3 𝑦
𝑑𝑥 3
+ sin(𝑦 ′ ) = 0 is _____ 𝑦 ′′ + (𝑦 ′ )3 + sin 𝑥 = 0 is _____
4. The order of differential equation 22. The degree of differential equation
𝑑4 𝑦 𝑑3 𝑦 𝑑3 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
+ sin (𝑑𝑥 3 ) = 0 is _____ 𝑑𝑥 3
+ 2 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑦 = 0 is _______
𝑑𝑥 4
5. The order of differential equation 23. The degree of the differential equation
𝑑2𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 2 𝑑𝑦
2𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 2 − 3 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑦 = 0 is _____ 𝑥𝑦
𝑑𝑥 2
+𝑥( ) −𝑦
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
= 0 is ____
6. The order of differential equation 24. The degree of differential equation
𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 2 𝑑𝑦 𝑑2 𝑦
3
𝑑𝑦 2
𝑥𝑦 +𝑥 ( ) − 𝑦 ( ) = 0 is____ (𝑑𝑥 2 ) + (𝑑𝑥 ) + sin 𝑥 + 1 = 0 is _______
𝑑𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
7. The order of the differential equation 25. The degree of differential equation
(𝑦 ′′′ )2 + (𝑦 ′′ )3 + (𝑦 ′ )4 + 𝑦 5 = 0 is _____ 𝑑𝑦 2 𝑑𝑦
(𝑑𝑥 ) + 𝑑𝑥 − sin2 𝑦 = 0 is ______
8. The order of differential equation
2 3 26. The degree of differential equation
𝑑3 𝑦 𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
( 3 ) +( 2 ) + + 𝑦 = 0 is _____ 𝑑𝑦 3 𝑑𝑦 2
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 (𝑑𝑥 ) + (𝑑𝑥 ) + sin 𝑦 = 0 is _____
9. The order of differential equation
𝑑3 𝑦 𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
27. The degree of differential equation
𝑑𝑥 3
+ 𝑑𝑥 2 + 𝑑𝑥 = 0 is _____ 𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
2𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 2 − 3 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑦 = 0 is _____
10. The order of differential equation
28. The degree of differential equation is
𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 3
2 (𝑑𝑥 2 ) + (𝑑𝑥 ) = 0 is _______ 𝑑3 𝑦 𝑑2 𝑦
2
𝑑𝑦
𝑑𝑥 3
+ 2 (𝑑𝑥 2 ) − 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑦 = 0 _____
11. The order of the differential equation
29. The degree of differential equation
𝑑3 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 2 𝑑𝑦
+ ( ) + sin + 1 = 0 is ______ (𝑦 ′′′ )2 + (𝑦 ′′ )3 + (𝑦 ′ )4 + 𝑦 5 = 0 is ____
𝑑𝑥 3 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
12. The order of differential equation 30. The sum of order and degree of the differential
𝑦 ′′′ + 2𝑦 ′′ + 𝑦 ′ = 0 is _______ 𝑑3 𝑦
2
𝑑2 𝑦
3
𝑑𝑦
equation (𝑑𝑥 3 ) + (𝑑𝑥 2 ) + 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑦 = 0 is _____
13. The order of the differential equation
𝑑2 𝑦 31. The number of arbitrary constants in the general
𝑑𝑥 2
= cos 3𝑥 + sin 3𝑥 is ___
solution of differential equation of 4th order is
14. The order of differential equation ______
2
𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 32. The number of arbitrary constants in the
(𝑑𝑥 2 ) + cos 𝑑𝑥 = 0 is _______
particular solution of differential equation of
15. The order of the differential equation
3 third order is ______
𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 2 𝑑𝑦
(𝑑𝑥 2 ) + (𝑑𝑥 ) + sin 𝑑𝑥 = 0 is _____
16. The order of differential equation
𝑑𝑠 4 𝑑2 𝑠
(𝑑𝑡) + 3𝑠 𝑑𝑡 2 = 0 is _____
17. The order of differential equation
′
𝑦 ′′ + 𝑒 𝑦 = 0 is ______

Mr. Sharath Patil G H, Lecturer, Dept of Mathematics, DAVANGERE Page 1

Question Bank with Solutions Differential Equations

ANSWER KEY 4) Find the general solution of the differential

QN KEY QN KEY QN KEY QN KEY QN KEY equation 𝐬𝐞𝐜 𝟐 𝒙 𝐭𝐚𝐧 𝒚 𝒅𝒙 + 𝐬𝐞𝐜 𝟐 𝒚 𝐭𝐚𝐧 𝒙 𝒅𝒚 = 𝟎
1 3 2 3 3 3 4 4 5 2 Solution: sec 2 𝑥 tan 𝑦 𝑑𝑥 + sec 2 𝑦 tan 𝑥 𝑑𝑦 = 0
6 2 7 3 8 3 9 3 10 2 ÷ 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑦 tan 𝑥
11 3 12 3 13 2 14 2 15 2 sec2 𝑥 sec2 𝑦
⟹ tan 𝑥
𝑑𝑥 + tan 𝑦
𝑑𝑦 =0
16 4 17 2 18 1 19 2 20 1
21 1 22 1 23 1 24 3 25 2 Now, general Solution of differential equation is
26 3 27 1 28 1 29 2 30 2 sec2 𝑥 sec2 𝑦
∫ tan 𝑥
𝑑𝑥 +∫ tan 𝑦
𝑑𝑦 =𝑐
31 4 32 0
𝑓′ (𝑥)
𝑤. 𝑘. 𝑡 [∫ 𝑓(𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 = log|𝑓(𝑥)| + 𝑐]
Three Marks Questions ⟹ log|tan 𝑥| + log|tan 𝑦| = 𝑐
Variable separable form: ⟹ log[𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑦] = 𝑐 ⟹ 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑦 = 𝑒 𝑐
1) Find the general solution of the differential ⟹ 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑦 = 𝑘
𝒅𝒚
equation = 𝒆𝒙+𝒚
𝒅𝒙
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 5) Find the general solution of the differential
Solution: = 𝑒 𝑥+𝑦 ⟹ = 𝑒 𝑥 𝑒 𝑦
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝒅𝒚 𝟏+𝒚𝟐
𝑑𝑦 equation 𝒅𝒙 = 𝟏+𝒙𝟐
⟹ 𝑑𝑦 = 𝑒 𝑒 𝑑𝑥 ⟹ 𝑒 𝑦 = 𝑒 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑥 𝑦
𝑑𝑦 1+𝑦 2
𝑑𝑦 Solution: =
⟹ 𝑒 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 − 𝑒 𝑦 = 0 𝑑𝑥 1+𝑥 2
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥
Now, general Solution of differential equation is ⟹ (1+𝑦 2 )
= (1+𝑥 2 )
𝑥 𝑑𝑦 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦
∫ 𝑒 𝑑𝑥 − ∫ 𝑒 𝑦 = 𝑐 ⟹ ∫ 𝑒 𝑑𝑥 − ∫ 𝑒 −𝑦 𝑑𝑦 = 𝑐 ⟹ − 1+𝑦 2 = 0
(1+𝑥 2 )
𝑥 (−𝑒 −𝑦 ) 𝑥 −𝑦
⟹𝑒 − =𝑐⟹𝑒 +𝑒 =𝑐 Now, general Solution of differential equation is
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦
∫ (1+𝑥2 ) − ∫ 1+𝑦2 = 𝑐
2) Find the general solution of the differential
𝒅𝒚 ⟹ tan−1 𝑥 − tan−1 𝑦 = 𝑐
equation 𝒅𝒙 = (𝟏 + 𝒙𝟐 )(𝟏 + 𝒚𝟐 )
𝑥−𝑦
𝑑𝑦 2 )(1 2)
⟹ tan−1 (1+𝑥𝑦) = 𝑐
Solution: 𝑑𝑥
= (1 + 𝑥 +𝑦
𝑥−𝑦 𝑥−𝑦
2 )(1 2) ⟹ 1+𝑥𝑦 = tan 𝑐 ⟹ 1+𝑥𝑦 = 𝐾
⟹ 𝑑𝑦 = (1 + 𝑥 +𝑦 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 ⟹ 𝑥 − 𝑦 = 𝐾(1 + 𝑥𝑦)
⟹ 1+𝑦2 = (1 + 𝑥 2 )𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
⟹ (1 + 𝑥 2 )𝑑𝑥 − 1+𝑦2 = 0
6) Find the equation of the curve passing through
Now, general Solution of differential equation is the point (𝟏, 𝟏) whose differential equation is
𝑑𝑦
∫(1 + 𝑥 2 )𝑑𝑥 − ∫ 1+𝑦2 = 𝑐 𝒙𝒅𝒚 = (𝟐𝒙𝟐 + 𝟏)𝒅𝒙 , (𝒙 ≠ 𝟎).
𝑥3 Solution: Given 𝑥𝑑𝑦 = (2𝑥 2 + 1)𝑑𝑥
⟹𝑥+ 3
− tan−1 𝑦 = 𝑐
2𝑥 2 +1 2𝑥 2 1
⟹ 𝑑𝑦 = 𝑥
𝑑𝑥 ⟹ ( 𝑥
+ 𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑑𝑦
3) Solve : 𝒚𝒍𝒐𝒈 𝒚 𝒅𝒙 − 𝒙𝒅𝒚 = 𝟎 1
⟹ (2𝑥 + 𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 − 𝑑𝑦 = 0
Solution: 𝑦𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑦 𝑑𝑥 − 𝑥𝑑𝑦 = 0 ÷ 𝑥𝑦𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑦
Now, general Solution of differential equation is
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦
⟹ − 𝑦𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑦 = 0 1
𝑥 ∫ (2𝑥 + 𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 − ∫ 𝑑𝑦 = 𝑐
Now, general Solution of differential equation is 𝑥2
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦 ⟹2 + log|𝑥| − 𝑦 = 𝑐
∫𝑥 − ∫ 𝑦𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑦 =𝑐 2
2
1
⟹ 𝑥 + log|𝑥| − 𝑦 = 𝑐 … … (1)
𝑑𝑥 𝑓′ (𝑥)
⟹ ∫𝑥
𝑦
− ∫ 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 = 𝑐 [∫ 𝑓(𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 = log|𝑓(𝑥)| + 𝑐] Given: 𝑒𝑞 (1) passes through the point (1,1)
⟹ log|𝑥| − log|log 𝑦| = 𝑐 ⟹ (1)2 + log 1 − 1 = 𝑐 ⟹ 𝑐 = 1 + 0 − 1 = 0
𝑥 𝑥 𝑁𝑜𝑤, Equation of the curve is
⟹ log [log 𝑦] = 𝑐 ⟹ log 𝑦 = 𝑒 𝑐
𝑥 2 + log|𝑥| − 𝑦 = 0
𝑥
⟹ log 𝑦 = 𝑘 ⟹ 𝑥 = 𝑘 log 𝑦

Mr. Sharath Patil G H, Lecturer, Dept of Mathematics, DAVANGERE Page 2

Question Bank with Solutions Differential Equations

7) Find the equation of the curve passing through Given: 𝑒𝑞 (1) passes through the point (−2,3)
the point (𝟎, 𝟏) whose differential equation is 33 27
⟹ (−2)2 − 3
=𝑐 ⟹𝑐 =4− 3
=4−9
𝒅𝒚 𝝅
given by 𝒅𝒙
= 𝒚 𝒕𝒂𝒏 𝒙 (𝒚 ≠ 𝟎 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝟎 ≤ 𝒙 < 𝟐
) ⟹ 𝑐 = −5
𝑑𝑦 𝑦3
Solution: Given 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑦 tan 𝑥 𝑁𝑜𝑤, Equation of the curve is 𝑥 2 − = −5
3
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑦3
⟹ 𝑦
= tan 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 ⟹ tan 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 − 𝑦
=0 ⟹ 𝑥2 − +5=0
3
Now, general Solution of differential equation is
𝑑𝑦
∫ tan 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 − ∫ =𝑐 10) In a bank, principal increases continuously at
𝑦
⟹ log|sec 𝑥| − log|𝑦| = log|𝑘| the rate of 5% per year. In how many years
sec 𝑥 sec 𝑥 Rs 1000 double itself?
⟹ log | | = log|𝑘| ⟹ = 𝑘 … … (1)
𝑦 𝑦 Solution: Let 𝑝 be a principal amount
Given: 𝑒𝑞 (1) passes through the point (0,1) 𝑑𝑝
sec 0 1
Given: 𝑑𝑡 = 5% of 𝑝
⟹ 1
=𝑘⟹𝑘= =1 1 𝑑𝑝 5 𝑑𝑝 1
sec 𝑥 ⟹ 𝑑𝑡
= 100 𝑝 ⟹ 𝑑𝑡
= 20 𝑃
𝑁𝑜𝑤, Equation of the curve is 𝑦
=1 20 20
⟹ 𝑝
𝑑𝑝 = 𝑑𝑡 ⟹ 𝑝 𝑑𝑝 − 𝑑𝑡 =0
⟹ 𝑦 = sec 𝑥
Now, general Solution of differential equation is
20
8) Find the equation of the curve passing through ∫ 𝑝
𝑑𝑝 − ∫ 𝑑𝑡 = 𝑐
the point (𝟏, 𝟏) given that the slopeof the ⟹ 20 log 𝑝 − 𝑡 = 𝑐
𝒙
tangent to the curve at any point is . ⟹ 20 log 𝑝 − 𝑐 = 𝑡. … . . (1)
𝒚
𝑥 Now, given 𝑝 = 1000 when 𝑡 = 0
Solution: Given slope of tangent at (𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑦
⟹ 20 log 1000 − 𝑐 = 0
𝑑𝑦 𝑥
⟹ = ⟹ 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 = 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 ⟹ 𝑐 = 20 log 1000 … … . (2)
𝑑𝑥 𝑦
⟹ 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 − 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 = 0 From (1)& (2)
Now, general Solution of differential equation is ⟹ 𝑡 = 20 log 𝑝 − 20 log 1000
∫ 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 − ∫ 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 = 𝑐 ⟹ 𝑡 = 20(log 𝑝 − log 1000)
𝑝
𝑥2 𝑦2 ⟹ 𝑡 = 20 (log 1000)
⟹ − = 𝑐 … … (1)
2 2
Given: 𝑒𝑞 (1) passes through the point (1,1) 𝐼𝑓 𝑝 = 2000 we have to calculate 𝑡
2000
12 12 ⟹ 𝑡 = 20 (log 1000) = 20 log 2 𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑠
⟹ 2
− 2
=𝑐⟹𝑐=0
𝑥2 𝑦2
𝑁𝑜𝑤, Equation of the curve is − =0
2 2 Homogenous Differential Equation
⟹ 𝑥2 − 𝑦2 = 0 1) Verify whether the differential equation
𝒅𝒚
𝒙𝟐 𝒅𝒙 = 𝒙𝟐 − 𝟐𝒚𝟐 + 𝒙𝒚 is homogeneous or not.
9) Find the equation of a curve passing through a
𝑑𝑦
point (−𝟐, 𝟑), given that the slope of the Solution: given 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 2 − 2𝑦 2 + 𝑥𝑦
𝟐𝒙 𝑑𝑦 𝑥 2 −2𝑦 2 +𝑥𝑦
tangent to the curve at any point (𝒙, 𝒚) is 𝒚𝟐 ⟹ 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥2
2𝑥 𝑥 2 −2𝑦 2 +𝑥𝑦
Solution: Given slope of tangent at (𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑦2 𝐿𝑒𝑡 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) =
𝑥2
𝑑𝑦 2𝑥 𝜆2 𝑥 2 −2𝜆2 𝑦 2 +𝜆𝑥𝜆𝑦
⟹ 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑦2 ⟹ 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑦 = 2𝑥 𝑑𝑥 Now, 𝑓(𝜆𝑥, 𝜆𝑦) = 𝜆2 𝑥 2
⟹ 2𝑥 𝑑𝑥 − 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑦 = 0 ⟹ 𝑓(𝜆𝑥, 𝜆𝑦) =
𝜆 (𝑥 −2𝑦2 +𝑥𝑦)
2 2
=
𝑥 2 −2𝑦 2 +𝑥𝑦
2
𝜆 𝑥 2 𝑥2
Now, general Solution of differential equation is
⟹ 𝑓(𝜆𝑥, 𝜆𝑦) = 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦)
∫ 2𝑥 𝑑𝑥 − ∫ 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑦 = 𝑐
⟹ 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) is homogeneous equation
𝑥2 𝑦3
⟹2 2
− 3
=𝑐 ⟹ given differential equation is homogeneous
𝑦3 differential equation
⟹ 𝑥2 − = 𝑐 … … (1)
3

Mr. Sharath Patil G H, Lecturer, Dept of Mathematics, DAVANGERE Page 3

Question Bank with Solutions Differential Equations

1
2) Verify whether the differential equation ∫ 𝑑𝑥
Now, 𝐼. 𝐹 = 𝑒 ∫ 𝑃𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 𝑥 log 𝑥 = 𝑒 log log 𝑥
(𝒙𝟐 𝒚 + 𝒙𝒚𝟐 )𝒅𝒙 + (𝒙𝟐 − 𝒚𝟐 )𝒅𝒚 = 𝟎 is ⟹ 𝐼. 𝐹 = log 𝑥
homogeneous or not. Now, the General solution of differential
Solution: equation is 𝑦(𝐼. 𝐹) = ∫ 𝑄(𝐼. 𝐹)𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐
Given (𝑥 2 𝑦 + 𝑥𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑥 + (𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑦 = 0 2
⟹ 𝑦 log 𝑥 = ∫ 𝑥 2 log 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐
⟹ (𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑦 = −(𝑥 2 𝑦 + 𝑥𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑥 1
𝑑𝑦 𝑥 2 𝑦+𝑥𝑦 2 log 𝑥
⟹ 𝑑𝑥 = − ⟹ 𝑦 log 𝑥 = 2 ∫ 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐
𝑥 2 −𝑦2 𝐼𝐼 𝐼
𝑥 2 𝑦+𝑥𝑦 2 1 11
𝐿𝑒𝑡 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = − 𝑥 2 −𝑦 2
⟹ 𝑦 log 𝑥 = 2 (log 𝑥 ∫ 2 𝑑𝑥 − ∫ − 𝑑𝑥) + 𝑐
𝑥 𝑥𝑥
𝜆2 𝑥 2 𝜆𝑦+𝜆𝑥𝜆2 𝑦 2 1 1
Now, 𝑓(𝜆𝑥, 𝜆𝑦) = − 𝜆2 𝑥 2 −𝜆2 𝑦2 ⟹ 𝑦 log 𝑥 = 2 (log 𝑥 (− 𝑥) + ∫ 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥) + 𝑐
2 1
𝜆3 𝑥 2 𝑦+𝜆3 𝑥𝑦 2 𝜆3 (𝑥 2 𝑦+𝑥𝑦 2 ) ⟹ 𝑦 log 𝑥 = − 𝑥 log 𝑥 + 2 (− 𝑥) + 𝑐
⟹ 𝑓(𝜆𝑥, 𝜆𝑦) = − 𝜆2 (𝑥 2 −𝑦 2 )
=− 𝜆2 (𝑥 2 −𝑦 2 )
2
⟹ 𝑓(𝜆𝑥, 𝜆𝑦) = 𝜆𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) ⟹ 𝑦 log 𝑥 = − (log 𝑥 + 1) + 𝑐
𝑥
⟹ 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) is homogeneous equation
⟹ given differential equation is homogeneous 3) Solve the differential equation
differential equation 𝐝𝐲 𝛑
𝐝𝐱
+ 𝐲 𝐬𝐞𝐜𝐱 = 𝐭𝐚𝐧 𝐱, 𝟎 ≤ 𝐱 < 𝟐.
dy
Solution: Given: dx + y secx = tan x
Five Marks Questions (Linear Differential Equation)
𝑑𝑦
1) Find the general solution of the differential It is of the form 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑃𝑦 = 𝑄
𝒅𝒚
equation 𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝟐 𝒙 𝒅𝒙 + 𝒚 = 𝐭𝐚𝐧 𝒙. ⟹ 𝑃 = sec 𝑥 and 𝑄 = tan 𝑥
𝑑𝑦
Solution: Given: cos 2 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑦 = tan 𝑥 Now, 𝐼. 𝐹 = 𝑒 ∫ 𝑃𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 𝑦 tan 𝑥 ⟹ 𝐼. 𝐹 = 𝑒 log(sec 𝑥+tan 𝑥) = sec 𝑥 + tan 𝑥
÷ 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑥 ⟹ 𝑑𝑥 + cos2 𝑥 = cos2 𝑥
Now, the General solution of differential
𝑑𝑦
⟹ 𝑑𝑥 + (sec 2 𝑥)𝑦 = tan 𝑥 sec 2 𝑥 equation is 𝑦(𝐼. 𝐹) = ∫ 𝑄(𝐼. 𝐹)𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐
𝑑𝑦 ⟹ 𝑦(sec 𝑥 + tan 𝑥) = ∫ tan 𝑥 (sec 𝑥 + tan 𝑥)𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐
It is of the form 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑃𝑦 = 𝑄
⟹ 𝑦(sec 𝑥 + tan 𝑥) = ∫(sec 𝑥 tan 𝑥 + tan2 𝑥)𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐
⟹ 𝑃 = sec 2 𝑥 and 𝑄 = tan 𝑥 sec 2 𝑥 ⟹ 𝑦(sec 𝑥 + tan 𝑥) = ∫(sec 𝑥 tan 𝑥 + sec 2 𝑥 − 1)𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐
Now, 𝐼. 𝐹 = 𝑒 ∫ 𝑃𝑑𝑥=𝑒 ∫ sec2 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
=𝑒 tan 𝑥
⟹ 𝑦(sec 𝑥 + tan 𝑥) = sec 𝑥 + tan 𝑥 − 𝑥 + 𝑐
Now, the General solution of differential
equation is 𝑦(𝐼. 𝐹) = ∫ 𝑄(𝐼. 𝐹)𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐 4) Find the general solution of the differential
𝐝𝐲
⟹ 𝑦𝑒 tan 𝑥 = ∫ tan 𝑥 sec 2 𝑥 𝑒 tan 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐 equation (𝐱 + 𝟑𝐲 𝟐 ) = 𝐲(𝐲 > 𝟎)
𝐝𝐱
Let tan 𝑥 = 𝑡 ⟹ sec 2 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑑𝑡 dy
𝑡 Solution: Given: (x + 3y 2 ) dx = y(y > 0)
⟹ 𝑦𝑒 tan 𝑥 = ∫ 𝑡 𝑒 𝑑𝑡 + 𝑐 𝑑𝑦 𝑦 𝑑𝑥 𝑥+3𝑦 2
𝐼 𝐼𝐼 ⟹ 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥+3𝑦2 ⟹ =
𝑑𝑦 𝑦
⟹ 𝑦𝑒 tan 𝑥 = 𝑡 ∫ 𝑒 𝑡 𝑑𝑡 − ∫ 𝑒 𝑡 𝑑𝑡 + 𝑐
𝑑𝑥 𝑥 3𝑦 2 𝑑𝑥 𝑥
⟹ 𝑦𝑒 tan 𝑥 = 𝑡𝑒 𝑡 − 𝑒 𝑡 + 𝑐 ⟹ = + ⟹ − = 3𝑦
𝑑𝑦 𝑦 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑦
⟹ 𝑦𝑒 tan 𝑥 = tan 𝑥 𝑒 tan 𝑥 − 𝑒 tan 𝑥 + 𝑐 It
𝑑𝑥
is of the form 𝑑𝑦 + 𝑃𝑥 = 𝑄
−1
2) Find the general solution of the differential 𝑃 = 𝑦 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑄 = 3𝑦
𝒅𝒚 𝟐 1
equation (𝒙 𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝒙) +𝒚= (𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝒙) 𝑁𝑜𝑤, 𝐼. 𝐹 = 𝑒 ∫ 𝑝 𝑑𝑦 = 𝑒
∫ −𝑦𝑑𝑦
= 𝑒 −𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑦
𝒅𝒙 𝒙
𝑑𝑦 2 1
Solution: Given: (𝑥 log 𝑥) + 𝑦= (log 𝑥) ⟹ 𝐼. 𝐹 = 𝑒 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑦
−1
=𝑒
log
𝑦 =𝑦
1
𝑑𝑥 𝑥
𝑑𝑦 𝑦 2
÷ 𝑥 log 𝑥 ⟹ 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥 log 𝑥 = 𝑥 2 Now, the General solution of differential
𝑑𝑦 equation is 𝑥(𝐼. 𝐹) = ∫ 𝑄 (𝐼. 𝐹)𝑑𝑦 + 𝑐
It is of the form 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑃𝑦 = 𝑄
1 1
1 2 ⟹ 𝑥 𝑦 = ∫ 3𝑦 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 + 𝑐
⟹ 𝑃 = 𝑥 log 𝑥 and 𝑄 = 𝑥 2
𝑥 𝑥
⟹ 𝑦 = ∫ 3 𝑑𝑦 + 𝑐 ⟹ 𝑦 = 3𝑦 + 𝑐

Mr. Sharath Patil G H, Lecturer, Dept of Mathematics, DAVANGERE Page 4

Question Bank with Solutions Differential Equations

1
5) Solve the differential equation ∫ −𝑦𝑑𝑦
Now, I.F= 𝑒 ∫ 𝑝 𝑑𝑦 = 𝑒 = 𝑒 −𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑦
𝒚𝒅𝒙 + (𝒙 − 𝒚𝒆𝒚 )𝒅𝒚 = 𝟎 −1 1
⟹ I.F= 𝑒 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑦 = 𝑦 −1 = 𝑦
Solution: Given: 𝑦𝑑𝑥 + (𝑥 − 𝑦𝑒 𝑦 )𝑑𝑦 = 0
⟹ (𝑥 − 𝑦𝑒 𝑦 )𝑑𝑦 = −𝑦 𝑑𝑥 Now, the General solution of differential
𝑑𝑦 −𝑦
⟹ 𝑑𝑥 = (𝑥−𝑦 𝑒 𝑦 ) ⟹ 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑦𝑒 𝑦 −𝑥
𝑑𝑦 𝑦 equation is 𝑥(𝐼. 𝐹) = ∫ 𝑄 (𝐼. 𝐹)𝑑𝑦 + 𝑐
1 1
𝑑𝑥 𝑦𝑒 𝑦 −𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑦𝑒 𝑦 𝑥 ⟹ 𝑥 (𝑦) = ∫(2𝑦) (𝑦) 𝑑𝑦 + 𝑐
⟹ 𝑑𝑦
= 𝑦 ⟹ 𝑑𝑦
= 𝑦
− 𝑦 𝑥 𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑥 ⟹ = ∫ 2 𝑑𝑦 + 𝑐 ⟹ = 2𝑦 + 𝑐
𝑦 𝑦
⟹ + = 𝑒𝑦
𝑑𝑦 𝑦
⟹ 𝑥 = 2𝑦 2 + 𝑐𝑦
𝑑𝑥
It is of the form 𝑑𝑦
+ 𝑃𝑥 = 𝑄
1 8) Find the general solution of the differential
𝑃= 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑄 = 𝑒 𝑦
𝑦 𝒅𝒚
1
∫𝑦𝑑𝑦
equation (𝒙 + 𝒚) 𝒅𝒙 = 𝟏
Now, I.F= 𝑒 ∫ 𝑃 𝑑𝑦
=𝑒 =𝑒 =𝑦 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑦
𝑑𝑦
Solution: Given: (𝑥 + 𝑦) =1
Now, the General solution of differential 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 1 𝑑𝑥
equation is 𝑥(𝐼. 𝐹) = ∫ 𝑄 (𝐼. 𝐹)𝑑𝑦 + 𝑐 ⟹ 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥+𝑦 ⟹ 𝑑𝑦 = 𝑥 + 𝑦
𝑒𝑦𝑦 𝑑𝑥
⟹ 𝑥𝑦 = ∫ 𝑑𝑦 + 𝑐 ⟹ 𝑑𝑦 − 𝑥 = 𝑦
𝐼𝐼 𝐼
⟹ 𝑥𝑦 = 𝑦 ∫ 𝑒 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 − ∫ 𝑒 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 + 𝑐 𝑑𝑥
It is of the form 𝑑𝑦 + 𝑃𝑥 = 𝑄
⟹ 𝑥𝑦 = 𝑦𝑒 𝑦 − 𝑒 𝑦 + 𝑐
𝑃 = −1, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑄 = 𝑦
Now, 𝐼. 𝐹 = 𝑒 ∫ 𝑝 𝑑𝑦 = 𝑒 ∫ −1𝑑𝑦 = 𝑒 −𝑦
6) Find the general solution of the differential
𝒅𝒚 Now, the General solution of differential
equation 𝒙 𝒅𝒙 + 𝟐𝒚 = 𝒙𝟐 (𝒙 ≠ 𝟎)
equation is 𝑥(𝐼. 𝐹) = ∫ 𝑄 (𝐼. 𝐹)𝑑𝑦 + 𝑐
𝑑𝑦
Solution: Given: 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 𝑥 2 ÷ 𝑥 𝑦 𝑒 −𝑦
⟹ 𝑥(𝑒 −𝑦 ) = ∫ ( ) ( ) 𝑑𝑦 + 𝑐
𝑑𝑦 2𝑦 𝐼 𝐼𝐼
⟹ 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥
=𝑥 ⟹ 𝑥(𝑒 −𝑦 ) = 𝑦 ∫ 𝑒 −𝑦 𝑑𝑦 − ∫ −𝑒 −𝑦 𝑑𝑦 + 𝑐
𝑑𝑦
It is of the form + 𝑃𝑦 = 𝑄 ⟹ 𝑥(𝑒 −𝑦 ) = 𝑦(−𝑒 −𝑦 ) + ∫ 𝑒 −𝑦 𝑑𝑦 + 𝑐
𝑑𝑥
2 ⟹ 𝑥(𝑒 −𝑦 ) = 𝑦(−𝑒 −𝑦 ) + (−𝑒 −𝑦 ) + 𝑐
⟹ 𝑃 = 𝑥 and 𝑄 = 𝑥
2
⟹ 𝑥(𝑒 −𝑦 ) = −𝑦𝑒 −𝑦 − 𝑒 −𝑦 + 𝑐
Now, 𝐼. 𝐹 = 𝑒 ∫ 𝑃𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 ∫𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 2 log 𝑥 ⟹ 𝑥(𝑒 −𝑦 ) + 𝑦𝑒 −𝑦 + 𝑒 −𝑦 = 𝑐
2
⟹ 𝐼. 𝐹 = 𝑒 log 𝑥 = 𝑥 2 ⟹ 𝑒 −𝑦 (𝑥 + 𝑦 + 1) = 𝑐
1
Now, the General solution of differential ⟹ (𝑥 + 𝑦 + 1) = 𝑐
𝑒𝑦
equation is 𝑦(𝐼. 𝐹) = ∫ 𝑄(𝐼. 𝐹)𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐 ⟹ 𝑥 + 𝑦 + 1 = 𝑐𝑒 𝑦
⟹ 𝑦(𝑥 2 ) = ∫ 𝑥(𝑥 2 )𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐
𝑥4
⟹ 𝑦 𝑥 2 = ∫ 𝑥 3 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐 ⟹ 𝑦𝑥 2 = 4
+𝑐 9) Find the general solution of the differential
𝒅𝒚
equation 𝒙 𝒅𝒙 + 𝟐𝒚 = 𝒙𝟐 𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝒙
7) Find the general solution of the differential 𝑑𝑦
Solution: Given: 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 𝑥 2 log 𝑥
𝟐
equation 𝒚𝒅𝒙 − (𝒙 + 𝟐𝒚 )𝒅𝒚 = 𝟎 𝑑𝑦 2𝑦
2 )𝑑𝑦 ÷ 𝑥 ⟹ 𝑑𝑥 + = 𝑥 log 𝑥
Solution: Given: 𝑦𝑑𝑥 − (𝑥 + 2𝑦 =0 𝑥
𝑑𝑦
⟹ 𝑦𝑑𝑥 = (𝑥 + 2𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑦 It is of the form 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑃𝑦 = 𝑄
𝑑𝑦 𝑦 𝑑𝑥 𝑥+2𝑦 2 2
⟹ = ⟹ = ⟹𝑃= and 𝑄 = 𝑥 log 𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑥+2𝑦 2 𝑑𝑦 𝑦 𝑥
2
2𝑦 2
𝑑𝑥
⟹ 𝑑𝑦 = 𝑦 +
𝑥 𝑑𝑥
⟹ 𝑑𝑦 − 𝑦 = 2𝑦
𝑥
Now, 𝐼. 𝐹 = 𝑒 ∫ 𝑃𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 ∫𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 2 log 𝑥
𝑦
2
𝑑𝑥 ⟹ 𝐼. 𝐹 = 𝑒 log 𝑥 = 𝑥 2
It is of the form + 𝑃𝑥 = 𝑄
𝑑𝑦 Now, the General solution of differential
1
𝑃 = − 𝑦 , 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑄 = 2𝑦 equation is 𝑦(𝐼. 𝐹) = ∫ 𝑄(𝐼. 𝐹)𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐

Mr. Sharath Patil G H, Lecturer, Dept of Mathematics, DAVANGERE Page 5

Question Bank with Solutions Differential Equations

⟹ 𝑦(𝑥 2 ) = ∫ 𝑥 log 𝑥 (𝑥 2 )𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐 ⟹ 𝑦(1 + 𝑥 2 ) = 𝑥 +

𝑥3
+ 𝑐 … . . (1)
3 log 𝑥 3
⟹ 𝑦(𝑥 2 ) = ∫ 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐 Given: 𝑦 = 0 when 𝑥 = 1
𝐼𝐼 𝐼
𝑥4 1 13
⟹ 𝑦(𝑥 2 ) = log 𝑥 ∫ 𝑥 3 𝑑𝑥 − ∫ 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐 ⟹ 0(1 + 12 ) = 1 + 3
+𝑐
4 𝑥
1 4
𝑥4 1 ⟹ 0=1+ +𝑐 ⟹ 0=3+𝑐
⟹ 𝑥 2 𝑦 = log 𝑥 ( 4 ) − 4 ∫ 𝑥 3 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐 3
4
𝑥4 1 𝑥4 ⟹𝑐=−
⟹ 𝑥2𝑦 = 4
log 𝑥 −4 4
+𝑐 3

𝑥 4 𝑥 4 From (1) particular solution is

⟹ 𝑥2𝑦 = log 𝑥 − +𝑐 𝑥3 4
4 16 𝑦(1 + 𝑥 2 ) = 𝑥 + 3
−3

10) Find the particular solution of

𝒅𝒚 12) Find the particular solution of the differential
+ 𝒚 𝐜𝐨𝐭 𝒙 = 𝟒𝒙 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒆𝒄 𝒙 , 𝒙 ≠ 𝟎 𝒅𝒚 𝟏
𝒅𝒙
𝝅
equation (𝟏 + 𝒙𝟐 ) 𝒅𝒙 + 𝟐𝒙𝒚 = 𝟏+𝒙𝟐,
given that 𝒚 = 𝟎 𝒘𝒉𝒆𝒏 𝒙 = 𝟐 when 𝒚 = 𝟎 & 𝒙 = 𝟏
𝑑𝑦
Solution: Given: 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑦 cot 𝑥 = 4𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝑥 𝑑𝑦
Solution: Given: (1 + 𝑥 2 ) 𝑑𝑥 + 2𝑥𝑦 = 1+𝑥 2
1

𝑑𝑦
It is of the form 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑃𝑦 = 𝑄 𝑑𝑦 2𝑥𝑦
⟹ 𝑑𝑥 + 1+𝑥2 = (1+𝑥2 )2
1

⟹ 𝑃 = cot 𝑥 and 𝑄 = 4𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝑥 𝑑𝑦

It is of the form 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑃𝑦 = 𝑄
Now, 𝐼. 𝐹 = 𝑒 ∫ 𝑃𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 ∫ cot 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 log sin 𝑥
2𝑥 1
⟹ 𝐼. 𝐹 = sin 𝑥 ⟹ 𝑃 = 1+𝑥2 and 𝑄 = (1+𝑥2 )2
2𝑥
Now, the General solution of differential 𝑑𝑥 2)
Now, 𝐼. 𝐹 = 𝑒 ∫ 𝑃𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 ∫1+𝑥2 = 𝑒 log(1+𝑥
equation is 𝑦(𝐼. 𝐹) = ∫ 𝑄(𝐼. 𝐹)𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐
⟹ 𝐼. 𝐹 = 1 + 𝑥 2
⟹ 𝑦 sin 𝑥 = ∫ 4𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝑥 sin 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐
Now, the General solution of differential
1
⟹ 𝑦 sin 𝑥 = ∫ 4𝑥 sin 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 +𝑐 equation is 𝑦(𝐼. 𝐹) = ∫ 𝑄(𝐼. 𝐹)𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐
sin 𝑥
⟹ 𝑦 sin 𝑥 = ∫ 4𝑥 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐 1
⟹ 𝑦(1 + 𝑥 2 ) = ∫ (1+𝑥2 )2 (1 + 𝑥 2 )𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐
𝑥2
⟹ 𝑦 sin 𝑥 = 4 + 𝑐 ⟹ 𝑦 sin 𝑥 = 2𝑥 2 + 𝑐 . . (1) 1
2 ⟹ 𝑦(1 + 𝑥 2 ) = ∫ 1+𝑥2 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐
𝜋
Given: 𝑦 = 0 when 𝑥 = 2 ⟹ 𝑦(1 + 𝑥 2 ) = tan−1 𝑥 + 𝑐 … . . (1)
𝜋 𝜋2 𝜋2
⟹ 0 sin = 2 +𝑐 ⟹ 0= +𝑐 Given: 𝑦 = 0 when 𝑥 = 1
2 4 2
𝜋2 ⟹ 0(1 + 12 ) = tan−1 1 + 𝑐
⟹𝑐=− 𝜋 𝜋
2 ⟹ 0= +𝑐⟹ 𝑐 = −
4 4
From (1) particular solution is
From (1) particular solution is
𝜋2
𝑦 sin 𝑥 = 2𝑥 2 − 𝑦(1 + 𝑥 2 ) = tan−1 𝑥 −
𝜋
2
4

11) Find the particular solution of the differential 13) Find the particular solution of differential
𝒅𝒚 𝟐𝒙𝒚
equation 𝒅𝒙 + 𝟏+𝒙𝟐 = 𝟏, when 𝒚 =𝟎&𝒙=𝟏 𝒅𝒚
equation 𝒅𝒙 + 𝒚 𝐜𝐨𝐭 𝒙 = 𝟐𝒙 + 𝒙𝟐 𝒄𝒐𝒕𝒙 given
𝑑𝑦 2𝑥𝑦 𝝅
Solution: Given: 𝑑𝑥 + 1+𝑥2 = 1 that 𝒚 = 𝟎 and 𝒙 = 𝟐.
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦
It is of the form + 𝑃𝑦 = 𝑄 Solution: Given: 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑦 cot 𝑥 = 2𝑥 + 𝑥 2 𝑐𝑜𝑡𝑥
𝑑𝑥
2𝑥 𝑑𝑦
⟹ 𝑃 = 1+𝑥2 and 𝑄 = 1 It is of the form 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑃𝑦 = 𝑄
2𝑥
𝑑𝑥 2)
Now, 𝐼. 𝐹 = 𝑒 ∫ 𝑃𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 ∫1+𝑥2 = 𝑒 log(1+𝑥 ⟹ 𝑃 = cot 𝑥 and 𝑄 = 2𝑥 + 𝑥 2 cot 𝑥
⟹ 𝐼. 𝐹 = 1 + 𝑥 2 ⟹ 𝐼. 𝐹 = 𝑒 ∫ 𝑝.𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 ∫ 𝑐𝑜𝑡𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥
Now, the General solution of differential Now, the General solution of differential
equation is 𝑦(𝐼. 𝐹) = ∫ 𝑄(𝐼. 𝐹)𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐 equation is 𝑦(𝐼. 𝐹) = ∫ 𝑄(𝐼. 𝐹)𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐
⟹ 𝑦(1 + 𝑥 2 ) = ∫ 1(1 + 𝑥 2 )𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐 ⟹ 𝑦𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥 = ∫(2𝑥 + 𝑥 2 𝑐𝑜𝑡𝑥)𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐

Mr. Sharath Patil G H, Lecturer, Dept of Mathematics, DAVANGERE Page 6

Question Bank with Solutions Differential Equations

⟹ 𝑦𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 = ∫(2𝑥𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 + 𝑥 2 𝑐𝑜𝑡𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥)𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐 15) Find the equation of a curve passing through
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 the point (0, 2) given that the sum of the
⟹ 𝑦𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 = ∫ (2𝑥𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 + 𝑥2 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥
2 coordinates of any point on the curve exceeds
⟹ 𝑦𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 = ∫(2𝑥𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 + 𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐
the magnitude of the slope of the tangent to
⟹ 𝑦𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 = ∫ 𝑑(𝑥 2 sin 𝑥) + 𝑐
the curve at that point by 5.
⟹ 𝑦𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥 = 𝑥 2 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 + 𝑐 … . (1)
𝜋 Solution:
Given If 𝑥 = 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑦 = 0
2 𝑠𝑢𝑚 𝑜𝑓 slope of tangent
𝜋 𝜋 2 𝜋 Given = +5
⟹ (0) sin 2 = ( 2 ) sin 2 + 𝑐 𝑐𝑜 − 𝑜𝑟𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑠 at (𝑥, 𝑦)
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦
𝜋2 −𝜋2 ⟹𝑥+𝑦 = +5⟹ −𝑦 =𝑥−5
⟹0= 4
+𝑐 ⟹𝑐 = − 4 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
Now, From (1) Particular solution of differential It is of the form + 𝑃𝑦 = 𝑄
𝑑𝑥
𝜋2 ⟹ 𝑃 = −1 and 𝑄 = 𝑥 − 5
equation is 𝑦𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥 = 𝑥 2 sin 𝑥 − 4
Now, 𝐼. 𝐹 = 𝑒 ∫ 𝑃𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 ∫ −1 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 −𝑥
Now, the General solution of differential
14) Find the equation of a curve passing through
equation is 𝑦(𝐼. 𝐹) = ∫ 𝑄(𝐼. 𝐹)𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐
the origin given that the slope of the tangent to
⟹ 𝑦(𝑒 −𝑥 ) = ∫(𝑥 − 5)(𝑒 −𝑥 )𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐
the curve at any point (x, y) is equal to the sum
(𝑥 − 5) 𝑒 −𝑥
of the coordinates of the point. ⟹ 𝑦(𝑒 −𝑥 ) = ∫ ( ) 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐
𝐼 𝐼𝐼
Solution: ⟹ 𝑦(𝑒 −𝑥 ) = (𝑥 − 5) ∫ 𝑒 −𝑥 𝑑𝑥 − ∫ −𝑒 −𝑥 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐
Given slope of tangent at (𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑥 + 𝑦 ⟹ 𝑦(𝑒 −𝑥 ) = (𝑥 − 5)(−𝑒 −𝑥 ) + ∫ 𝑒 −𝑥 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦
⟹ 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 + 𝑦 ⟹ 𝑑𝑥 − 𝑦 = 𝑥 ⟹ 𝑦(𝑒 −𝑥 ) = (𝑥 − 5)(−𝑒 −𝑥 ) + (−𝑒 −𝑥 ) + 𝑐
𝑦 𝑥−5 1
𝑑𝑦 ⟹ 𝑒𝑥 = − − 𝑒𝑥 + 𝑐
It is of the form + 𝑃𝑦 = 𝑄 𝑒𝑥
𝑑𝑥
⟹ 𝑃 = −1 and 𝑄 = 𝑥 ⟹ 𝑦 = −𝑥 + 5 − 1 + 𝑐𝑒 𝑥
⟹ 𝑦 = −𝑥 + 4 + 𝑐𝑒 𝑥 … … . . (1)
Now, 𝐼. 𝐹 = 𝑒 ∫ 𝑃𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 ∫ −1 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 −𝑥
Given: 𝑒𝑞 (1) passes through the point (0,2)
Now, the General solution of differential
⟹ 2 = 0 + 4 + 𝑐𝑒 0 ⟹ 𝑐 = 2 − 4 = −2
equation is 𝑦(𝐼. 𝐹) = ∫ 𝑄(𝐼. 𝐹)𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐
𝑁𝑜𝑤, Equation of the curve is 𝑦 = −𝑥 + 4 − 2𝑒 𝑥
⟹ 𝑦(𝑒 −𝑥 ) = ∫ 𝑥(𝑒 −𝑥 )𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐
⟹ 𝑦 + 𝑥 = 4 − 2𝑒 𝑥
𝑥 𝑒 −𝑥
⟹ 𝑦(𝑒 −𝑥 ) = ∫ ( ) 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐
𝐼 𝐼𝐼
⟹ 𝑦(𝑒 −𝑥 ) = 𝑥 ∫ 𝑒 −𝑥 𝑑𝑥 − ∫ −𝑒 −𝑥 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐
⟹ 𝑦(𝑒 −𝑥 ) = 𝑥(−𝑒 −𝑥 ) + ∫ 𝑒 −𝑥 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐
⟹ 𝑦(𝑒 −𝑥 ) = 𝑥(−𝑒 −𝑥 ) + (−𝑒 −𝑥 ) + 𝑐
𝑦 𝑥 1
⟹ 𝑒𝑥 = − 𝑒𝑥 − 𝑒𝑥 + 𝑐
⟹ 𝑦 = −𝑥 − 1 + 𝑐𝑒 𝑥 … . (1)
Given: 𝑒𝑞 (1) passes through the point (0,0)
⟹ 0 = 0 − 1 + 𝑐𝑒 0 ⟹ 𝑐 = 1
𝑁𝑜𝑤, Equation of the curve is 𝑦 = −𝑥 − 1 + 𝑒 𝑥
⟹ 𝑦 + 𝑥 + 1 = 𝑒𝑥

Mr. Sharath Patil G H, Lecturer, Dept of Mathematics, DAVANGERE Page 7