School KATIPUNAN NATIONAL HIGH Grade 11

SCHOOL Level
Daily Learning
Lesson Teacher JONNA VILLE C. AGOYLO Area SCIENCE
Plan February 11, 2025
Teaching 1:30 PM-2:30 PM Quarter 3
Date/s and (G11 CHARITY)
Time

1. The learners determine if a molecule

is polar or nonpolar given its
MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING structure. S11/12PS-IIIc-15
COMPETENCY (MELC) 2. The learners relate the polarity of a
molecule to its properties. S11/12Ps-
IIIc-16
The learners should be able to:
a. determine the electronegativity of the
atoms in the molecule;
b. solve the electronegativity difference
I. Learning Objectives to classify bonds a polar, nonpolar, or
ionic; and
c. appreciate the role of
electronegativity in understanding
molecular interactions in daily life.
The learners demonstrate an understanding of
A. Content Standard how the uses of different materials are related
to their properties and structures.
B. Performance Standard The learners make a creative representation of
the historical development of the atom or the
chemical element in a timeline.
II. SUBJECT MATTER
A. Content POLARITY OF MOLECULES USING
ELECTRONEGATIVITY DIFFERENCE
B. Materials TV, PPT, oil, water, dishwashing liquid,
bamboo stick, and disposable glass
C. Reference Teachers Guide, Physical Science Book
D. Process Skills Describing, solving, and identifying

III. PROCEDURE

Teachers Activities Student Activities

A. Preliminary Activities

1. Greetings

Good morning class. Good morning too ma’am.

How are you today? We are fine ma’am.

Kindly arrange your chairs properly and

pick up the pieces of papers under your (student do as tell)
chairs.
 2. Checking of Attendance

Say present if your name is called. (the student does as tell)

3. Setting of Agreement

Before we proceed, I’d like to remind you

of our agreement.

What will you do if I am, or someone is I will listen attentively ma’am.

talking here in front?

How about if I am going to ask questions I will raise my right hand if I want to answer
and you want to answer? What will you ma’am.
do?

What if there will be group activity? What I will cooperate and participate ma’am.
will you do?

So, in order for the task assigned to you to Yes ma’am.

be completed quickly and would be able to
have a better result, you should cooperate
and participate.

So, I am expecting that those things will be Yes ma’am.

followed as we go on with our discussion.
Is that clear?

Ok, I bet you are all ready for today’s Yes ma’am.
activity.

B. Lesson Proper

Elicit
“LESSON REVIEW”

Before we proceed into our new lesson,

let’s recall some concepts from your grade Yes ma’am.
9 chemistry. Do you still remember
chemical bonding?

What do you remember about chemical Chemical bonding is the force that holds atoms
bonding? together.

That’s right, so let’s check what you “What I Know!”

already know!
Pretest: Multiple Choice Questions
Get ¼ sheet of paper because we’re going
to have a pre-Test. Choose the letter that corresponds to your answer.
Write your answer on a ¼ sheet of paper.

1. What determines the polarity of a bond?

 a.) The number of protons in the nucleus

b.) The electronegativity difference between two

atoms

c.) The atomic radius of the elements

d.) The number of valence electrons

2. Which type of bond is formed when two atoms

have an electronegativity difference of 0.0–0.4?

a.) Polar covalent

b.) Nonpolar covalent

c.) Ionic

d.) Metallic

3. A molecule is considered polar when:

a.) It contains only ionic bonds

b.) The electron distribution is unequal, creating

partial charges

c.) Electrons are shared equally between atoms

d.) All the atoms in the molecule have the same

electronegativity

4. Which of the following molecules is most likely

nonpolar?

a.) H₂O b.) NH₃ c.) CO₂ d.) HCl

5. Why is NaCl considered an ionic compound

rather than a polar covalent compound?

a.) The electronegativity difference is too small

b.) The atoms share electrons equally

c.) Electrons are completely transferred from Na

to Cl

d.) NaCl does not contain an electronegativity

difference

Engage
"UNSCRAMBLE THEWORD"

Class, as you can see, the letters are

scrambled. I want you to rearrange the
letters to form meaningful words. I'll give
you two minutes to think.

So, what words have you unscrambled? The words I unscrambled are polar, molecule, and
nonpolar.
Exactly, what do you think these words These words are connected to our lesson today.
have in common?
Objectives
Very good, so these words are closely By the end of this lesson, students should be able
related to our lesson today which is the to:
Polarity of Molecules. But before we a. determine the electronegativity of the atoms in
proceed let me introduce to you our the molecule
objective first. b. solve for the electronegativity difference to
classify bonds a polar, non-polar, or ionic;
c. appreciate the role of electronegativity in
understanding molecular interactions in daily life.

By the end of this lesson, I hope we meet Yes ma'am.

these objectives, and I expect everyone to
cooperate. Is that clear?

Explore

"Investigating the Interaction of Water,

Oil, and Dishwashing Liquid"

Materials:

 Water
 Cooking oil
 Dishwashing Liquid
(the students observe the experiment)
 Bamboo stick (or spoon for
stirring)
 Disposable Glass (2 pcs.)

Procedure:

1. Prepare the First Mixture (Water +

Cooking Oil)

 Pour half a glass of water into For Water + Cooking Oil:

a disposable glass.
 Slowly add cooking oil to top
of the water. (the students observe the experiment)
 Observe what happens. Do the
liquids mix or separate? (the students observe the experiment)

2. Stir the Mixture: Student 1: The oil and water did not mix; the oil
stayed on top.
 Use a bamboo stick to stir the
water and oil.
 Observe again. Does stirring
make them mix?
 (the students observe the experiment)
3. Prepare the Second Mixture (Water +
Student 2: No, even after stirring, they separated
Cooking Oil + Dishwashing Liquid)
again.
 In another disposable glass, Student 3: Oil forms droplets, but it doesn’t
add the same amount of water dissolve in water.
and cooking oil.
  Now, add a few drops of For Water + Cooking Oil + Dishwashing Liquid:
dishwashing liquid.

4. Stir and Observe:

(the students observe the experiment)
 Use the bamboo stick to stir
the mixture well.
 Observe how the dishwashing
liquid affects the mixture. (the students observe the experiment)

How did the dishwashing liquid change the

interaction between water and oil?

Can you differentiate between the first (the students observe the experiment)
mixture and the second mixture?

(the students observe the experiment)

Student 4: After adding dishwashing liquid, the

oil started to break into smaller droplets.

For Comparing Both Mixtures:

Exactly, can you think of a real-life
situation where this happens? Student 5: Without dishwashing liquid, the oil and
water stayed separate.
Fantastic, imagine your dishes covered in
grease, do you think you can clean them
Student 6: With dishwashing liquid, the oil didn’t
using only water?
float back as quickly."
Exactly, since oil doesn't dissolve in water,
you need to use dishwashing liquid to When washing greasy dishes.
break down the oil molecules.

Now, you have observed how different No ma'am.

substances interact differently. Water and
oil do not mix due to their molecular
properties, but adding dishwashing liquid
helps break down the oil in the water. So,
water has polar molecules, oil is made up
of nonpolar molecules and dishwashing
liquids have a polar and nonpolar molecule.
Let's find out why.

Explain

What is Molecule?

Give me an example of Molecules. Molecule

- is a chemical structure composed of two or more
Great! Now, let's talk about Polarity. What atoms held together by chemical bonds, where the
is Polarity? distribution of electrons determines whether the
molecule is polar or nonpolar.
As I said earlier, in the case of water and Water molecules (H2O)
oil, they will never be mixed because water
is Polar Molecule while oil is a nonpolar Polarity
molecule. -refers to the distribution of electrical charge in a
molecule or system. It determines how molecules
Now let us take closer of how these two interact with each other and affects properties like
types of molecules differ. solubility, boiling point and reactivity.

A molecule is said to be polar when...

Water Molecule is composed of two

Hydrogen atom and one oxygen atom.

If we are going to look at the molecular

Polar Molecule
structure, you will notice that it has 6
-there is unequal or asymmetrical distribution of
electrons in its outermost shell called
electrons among the atoms of a molecule.
valence electron.
Example:

In your previous Grade 9, you learned

about Octet Rule.

Therefore, since oxygen has only 6

electrons in its outermost shell, it needs
two more electrons to achieve stability.
Hydrogen, however, is an exception to this
Octet Rule
rule since it has only one electron in its
- atoms tend to gain, share, or transfer electrons to
shell. To become stable, hydrogen also
attain stable electron configuration.
requires additional electrons. As you can
see, both elements need electrons to
become stable.

Since both elements need electrons to

achieve stability, they share their electrons
with each other. Oxygen shares its
electrons with hydrogen, and hydrogen
does the same with oxygen, forming a
water molecule. So, the oxygen now has 8
electrons and hydrogen has 2 electrons,
making its atom stable.

How about Non-Polar Molecules?

 Non-Polar Molecules
-there is equal or asymmetrical distribution of
One way to determine whether a molecule electrons among the atoms in a molecule.
is Polar or Non-Polar is by using
electronegativity difference.

Examples:

1. HCl ELECTRONEGATIVITY
- it is the tendency of an atom to attract a bonding
EN H-2.1, EN Cl-3.0 pair of electrons.
3.0-2.1=0.9 (Polar Covalent Bond)
Classification of Bonds
2.H2 You can determine the type of bond between two
atoms by calculating the difference in
EN H-2.1
electronegativity values between the elements. The
2.1-2.1=0 (Non-Polar Covalent Bond) bigger the electronegativity difference the more
polar the bond.
3. NaCl

EN Na-0.9, EN Cl-3.0

3.0-0.9=2.1 (Ionic Bond)

It’s your turn. I want 5 students to

volunteer to answer the equation.

"Let's Try this''

(Board Work)
1. CH4
2. CF4
3. O2
4. CaCl
5. HBr
Answer:
1. CH4
EN C-2.5, EN H-2.1
2.5-2.1=0.4 (Non-Polar Covalent Bond)
2. CF4
EN C-2.5, EN F-4.0
4.0-2.5=1.5 (Polar Covalent Bond)
3. 02
EN O-3.5
3.5-3.5=0 (Non-Polar Covalent Bond)
4. CaCl
Do you have any questions, clarification? EN Ca-1.0, EN Cl-3.0
3.0-1.0=2.0 (Ionic Bond)
Elaborate 5. HBr
Generalization EN H-2.1, EN Br-2.8
To generalize everything, we had 2.8-2.1=0.7 (Polar Covalent Bond)
discussed.
1. What is electronegativity, and how does No ma'am.
it affect atoms in a bond?

2. If two atoms have equal

electronegativity, what type of a bond do
they form?
1. Electronegativity is an atom’s ability to attract
3. If one atom is much more shared electrons in a bond. It determines electron
electronegative than other, what type of distribution.6
bond will they form?
2. Atoms with equal electronegativity form a
4. What happens when two atoms have a nonpolar covalent bond (equal sharing of
small, moderate, or large electronegativity electrons).
difference?
3. If one atom is much more electronegative, they
form an ionic bond (electron transfer).

5. Given this two element Na & Cl, which 4. Small difference → Nonpolar covalent bond
one has a higher electronegativity?
Moderate difference → Polar covalent bond

Do you have any questions, clarifications? Large difference → Ionic bond

Evaluate 5. Chlorine (Cl) has higher electronegativity than

Get 1/2 sheet of paper and answer the Sodium (Na) since it attracts electrons more
Activity. strongly.

No ma'am.

" Unleash your Activity!"

Activity 1: Electronegativity and Polarity of
Molecules
Extend Direction: Calculate the Electronegativity
Assignment difference for the following bonds and identify the
 Think of a situation where type of chemical bond.
polarity affects daily activities and 1. H & F 6. As & Cl
make and essay "Why is it 2. C & O 7. B & F
important to understand 3. P & Cl 8. Na & Cl
electronegativity in everyday
4. Sb & O 9. Be & Cl
life." Write this on your
5. Br & F 10. C & N
Notebook. (20 pts.)

Prepared By:

JONNA VILLE C. AGOYLO

Pre- Service
Teacher
Checked By:

CELVER JUNE F. BRAZA

Critic Teacher