Clemson University

Circuits II (ECE 2620)- Final Exam

May 2, 2024
38 questions, equal weight, 150 minutes

Name:

Instructions:
ˆ On the question sheet (this document), print your first and last name on the line above.
ˆ On your note sheet, print your first and last name (preferably in the upper right corner).
ˆ On the Scantron sheet,

– Print and bubble in your last name, first initial, middle initial and student ID number (omitting
the “C”).
– Above the Clemson logo on the Scantron sheet, write “ECE2620, 2024SP, Final Exam”.
– You do NOT need to write or bubble in the course number or section number.

ˆ Fill in your answers on the Scantron sheet as you solve problems. Exams will be collected promptly
at the end of the period. You will not be given extra time to fill in your answers.
ˆ Note: Answers have been rounded after solving. Please choose answers that are generally close (by
your estimation and within reason).

1
Begin Quiz Version A
1. The version of my exam (printed directly above) is
(a) A (b) B (c) C

Figure 1:

For Questions 2-4: Consider the circuit shown in Figure 1. The sinusoidal voltage source is vg (t) =
80 cos(100t) V.
2. What is the impedance of the capacitor?
(a) −j40 Ω
(b) −j25 mΩ
(c) −j25 Ω
(d) j16 Ω
(e) j400 Ω
3. What is the equivalent impedance of the circuit as seen by the source?
(a) 26.8 − j7.34 Ω
(b) 36.8 − j29.2 Ω
(c) 42.0 − j16.0 Ω
(d) 50.0 + j12.0 Ω
(e) 16.7 − j18.6 Ω

4. The sinusoidal steady-state current ig (t) is given by

(a) 1.78 cos(100t + 20.9◦ ) A
(b) 0.998 cos(100t − 12.5◦ ) A
(c) 1.04 cos(100t + 15.1◦ ) A
(d) 2.88 cos(100t + 15.3◦ ) A
(e) 4.21 cos(100t − 34.1◦ ) A

2
 Figure 2:

For Q5: A network of passive devices is attached to an 800Hz sinusoidal source. The circuit is operating
at sinusoidal steady state. An oscilloscope is used to measure the voltage across the network and the
current through the network, as sketched in Figure 2. The time difference between peaks in the curves
is measured to be |∆t| = 108 µs.

5. What is the phase of the current with reference to the voltage? In other words, if the voltage signal is
assumed to have phase 0◦ , what is the phase of the current?
(a) 17.3◦
(b) 31.1◦
(c) −17.3◦
(d) −31.1◦
(e) +53.7◦

Figure 3:

6. Consider the circuit in Figure 3. What is the simplified KVL equation for Mesh 2?
(a) 0 = I¯1 (−1 − j11) + I¯2 (11 + j24)
(b) 0 = I¯1 (−1 − j6) + I¯2 (11 + j19)
(c) 0 = I¯1 (−1 − j1) + I¯2 (11 + j4)
(d) 0 = I¯1 (−1 − j11) + I¯2 (11 + j14)
(e) 0 = I¯1 (−1 − j1) + I¯2 (11 + j14)

3
 Figure 4:

For Questions 7, 8: Consider the circuit shown in Figure 4. (Hint: node voltage)

7. The voltage V̄o is given by

(a) 65.98∠26.1◦ V(pk)
(b) 84.27∠−20.6◦ V(pk)
(c) 54.18∠−14.4◦ V(pk)
(d) 37.51∠14.9◦ V(pk)
(e) 114.0∠−11.0◦ V(pk)
8. The average power absorbed by the 20 Ω resistor is
(a) 23.71 W
(b) 5.375 W
(c) 8.767 W
(d) 16.05 W
(e) 30.10 W

4
 Figure 5:

For Question 9-10: Consider the circuit shown in Figure 5.

9. The primary side current I¯1 is given by

(a) 17.26∠−21.3◦ A
(b) 67.39∠−19.7◦ A
(c) 8.715∠−14.2◦ A
(d) 39.01∠−20.6◦ A
(e) 99.16∠18.6◦ A

10. Voltage V̄o is given by

(a) 585.2∠162.4◦ V
(b) 328.6∠−27.1◦ V
(c) 258.9∠158.7◦ V
(d) 257.8∠−22.3◦ V
(e) 327.0∠−15.7◦ V

5
 Figure 6:

For Questions 11-13: Consider the circuit shown in Figure 6. The following information is known
about the circuit:
The voltage at the load is V̄L = 800∠0◦ V(rms)
Load L1 absorbs 1200 W with a power factor of 0.85 leading.
Load L2 has impedance ZL2 = 600 + j400 Ω
The line impedance is Zline = 1.0 + j0.8 Ω.

11. The reactive power associated with the Load L1 is

(a) 591.7 VAR
(b) −1020 VAR
(c) −1412 VAR
(d) 1020 VAR
(e) −743.7 VAR
12. The current I¯1 is given by
(a) 1.765∠−31.8◦ A(rms)
(b) 2.545∠−23.5◦ A(rms)
(c) 2.545∠23.5◦ A(rms)
(d) 1.268∠−37.6◦ A(rms)
(e) 1.765∠31.8◦ A(rms)
13. The real power absorbed by the line is given by
(a) 5.97 W
(b) 3.87 W
(c) 10.7 W
(d) 15.3 W
(e) 18.5 W

6
 Figure 7:

For Questions 14-16: Consider the circuit shown in Figure 7 with load impedance ZL = RL + jXL .

14. If the load is unrestricted, then the load impedance ZL that maximizes the average power absorbed by
the load is given by
(a) 3.59 + j2.35 Ω
(b) 5.14 − j4.32 Ω
(c) 1.59 − j3.35 Ω
(d) 5.14 + j4.32 Ω
(e) 8.00 − j3.00 Ω
15. The maximum average power, absorbed by the load designed in Question 14, is
(a) 125 W
(b) 29.5 W
(c) 96.4 W
(d) 43.7 W
(e) 251 W
16. If load ZL is instead restricted to be purely resistive, then the value of ZL to absorb as much average
power as possible is given by
(a) 3.59 Ω
(b) 5.14 Ω
(c) 8.00 Ω
(d) 4.29 Ω
(e) 6.71 Ω

7
 For Questions 17-19: Consider a balanced three-phase circuit consisting of a Y -connected source con-
nected to a ∆-connected load by transmission lines. The load has impedance 72+j27Ω/ϕ. The transmis-
sion line has impedance 3.1+j1.8 Ω/ϕ. The source impedance is negligible. The line-to-neutral voltage
at the source is V̄an = 1200.0∠0◦ V(rms) . The source has abc phase sequence.
17. The line current I¯aA is given by
(a) 14.92∠99.0◦ A(rms)
(b) 71.2∠−51.7◦ A(rms)
(c) 41.13∠−21.7◦ A(rms)
(d) 29.60∠−13.4◦ A(rms)
(e) 36.82∠−34.8◦ A(rms)

18. The phase current I¯BC is given by

(a) 21.26∠−124.8◦ A(rms)
(b) 21.26∠−158.8◦ A(rms)
(c) 23.75∠−111.7◦ A(rms)
(d) 23.75∠−51.7◦ A(rms)
(e) 8.614∠9.0◦ A(rms)

19. The line-to-line voltage at the load V̄AB is given by

(a) 662.4∠149.6◦ V(rms)
(b) 608.8∠−91.1◦ V(rms)
(c) 1826∠28.8◦ V(rms)
(d) 1704∠43.3◦ V(rms)
(e) 2293∠−18.2◦ V(rms)
20. The total average power absorbed by the ∆-connected load is
(a) 121.8 kW
(b) 97.63 kW
(c) 16.03 kW
(d) 154.9 kW
(e) 41.60 kW

8
 R6
21. Evaluate the integral 2
t(t + 1) [ (δ(t−1) + δ(t−3) + δ(t−5) ] dt =
(a) 12
(b) 0
(c) 30
(d) 42
(e) 44

22. A circuit has transfer function H(s) = VVoi (s)

(s) 2s
= s+4 . The time-domain input to the circuit is vi (t) =
−2t
3e u(t) V. The corresponding time-domain output of the circuit, vo (t) is given by
(a) −6e−2t + 12e−4t u(t) V
 

(b) −8e−2t + 8e−4t u(t) V

 

(c) 3 + 8e−2t − 4e−4t u(t) V

 

(d) 2 − 6e−2t + 3e−4t u(t) V

 

(e) 3e−2t + 15e−4t u(t) V

 

32s3 +16s2 +26s+48

23. The Laplace-domain voltage across a network of passive devices is given by V (s) = 2s4 +7s3 +11s2 +13s+4 .
What was the initial voltage v(0+ ) across the network?
(a) 12 V
(b) 0 V
(c) 32 V
(d) 16 V
(e) ∞ V

9
 Figure 8:

For Question 24,25: Consider the circuit shown in Figure 8. The switch in the circuit has been closed
for a long time before it opens instantaneously at time t = 0.
Note that dc steady-state analysis gives that iL (0− ) = 3 A and vc (0− ) = 15 V. Convert the circuit to
the Laplace domain and then answer the following question.

24. The Laplace domain current IL (s) for t > 0 is given by

3s+60
(a) s2 +32s+2000
3
(b) s2 +40s+1500
3s
(c) s2 +32s+2000
6s+40
(d) s2 +40s+1500
60
(e) s2 +16s+3200

25. Which qualitative description best fits the behavior of the current iL (t) for t > 0? (Hint: You don’t
need to find the full inverse Laplace transform to answer this question. Think about the roots of the
denominator of the Laplace domain signal.) The current ...
(a) ...converges to a constant nonzero value, oscillating about that value as it converges
(b) ...converges to zero, oscillating about zero as it converges
(c) ...smoothly converges to a nonzero value without repeated oscillations
(d) ...remains constant
(e) ...smoothly converges to zero without repeated oscillations

10
 Figure 9:

For Questions 26-28: Consider the time-domain circuit shown in Figure 9, with R = 32Ω, L = 160mH,
and C = 1 mF.

26. The transfer function Vo /Vi for the circuit is given by

32s+1600
(a) s2 +192s+1600
s
(b) s2 +192s+1600
6250
(c) s2 +200+6250
1600
(d) s2 +192s+1600
s2
(e) s2 +200s+6250

27. If the input is vi (t) = 2.00 cos(120t + 20.0◦ ) V, then the steady-state output vo (t) (after all transients
have died away) is given by
(a) 1.33 cos(120t + 61.3◦ ) V
(b) 9.47 cos(120t + 1.2◦ ) mV
(c) 1.67 cos(120t − 42.7◦ ) V
(d) 1.14 cos(120t + 91.2◦ ) V
(e) 0.493 cos(120t − 88.8◦ ) V

28. What type of filter best describes the behavior of this circuit? (Hint: This is not a standard form. Use
qualitative analysis or examine the frequency response.)
(a) High-pass filter
(b) Bandpass filter
(c) Low-pass filter
(d) Euler filter

11
 For Q29,30: Design an RC low-pass filter with a cutoff frequency of 18 kHz using a C = 0.022 µF
capacitor.
29. The value of the resistor in the filter is
(a) 841 Ω
(b) 402 Ω
(c) 693 Ω
(d) 1.62 kΩ
(e) 252 Ω
30. The output voltage of the RC low-pass filter should be measured
(a) across the resistor
(b) across the series combination of the resistor and capacitor
(c) Not enough information
(d) across the capacitor
(e) Across town

For Q31,32: Design a series RLC bandpass filter with a center frequency of 3.958 Mrad/s and a
bandwidth of 62.8 krad/s. The inductor for the filter is chosen to be 51 µH.
31. The values of the capacitor is
(a) 49.5 nF
(b) 31.7 pF
(c) 9.48 nF
(d) 1.25 nF
(e) 16.6 nF
32. The values of the resistor is
(a) 8.71 Ω
(b) 3.20 Ω
(c) 20.1 Ω
(d) 0.510 Ω
(e) 147 mΩ

12
 Figure 10:

For Questions 33-35: Consider the two-port circuit shown in Figure 10. Find the a-parameters for
this two port circuit. Recall that the terminal equations for the a-parameters are given by
V1 = a11 V2 − a12 I2
I1 = a21 V2 − a22 I2

33. a11 =?
(a) 0.25
(b) 12
(c) 0.5
(d) 2
(e) 8
34. a21 =?
(a) 0.25 S
(b) 0.5 S
(c) 16 S
(d) 4S
(e) 0.125 S
35. a22 =?
(a) −12
(b) −0.3333
(c) 3
(d) 2
(e) 1.5

13
 Figure 11:

For Questions 36-37: Consider the op amp circuit shown in Figure 11. The op amp is ideal as long
as the output stays within the power rails shown in the figure.

36. Let vi = 2.00 V. Then the output voltage vo is given by

(a) 8.00 V
(b) 7.00 V
(c) −7.00 V
(d) 9.00 V
(e) 10.0 V
37. Let vi = −2.00 V. Then the current io is given by
(a) 1.60 mA
(b) 0 mA
(c) 1.80 mA
(d) 3.33 mA
(e) −1.40 mA

14
 Figure 12: For Question 38

38. Determine the transfer function H(s) = Vo (s)/Vi (s) for the ideal op amp circuit shown in Figure 12.
(Hint: Recall that no current flows into the inverting and noninverting inputs of the ideal op amp. This
allows a divide and conquer approach for determining the transfer function. Specifically, find transfer
functions H1 (s) = V2 (s)/Vi (s) and H2 (s) = Vo (s)/V2 (s), and then H(s) = H1 (s)H2 (s).)
750
(a) s+125
3200
(b) s+400
−2800
(c) s+400
−875
(d) s+125
1000
(e) s+125

End Quiz

15
 Laplace Transform Pairs and Properties for ECE2620
Laplace Transform Pairs Laplace Transform Properties
−
Type f (t ), t > 0 F (s) Description Time domain Laplace domain

impulse δ (t ) 1 Transform Pair f (t ) F (s)

step u (t ) 1s Linearity α1 f1 (t ) + α 2 f 2 (t ) α1 F1 ( s ) + α 2 F2 ( s )
ramp t 1s
2
1st derivative (time) d
dt
f (t ) sF ( s ) − f (0− )
parabola t2 2 s
3
df (0− )
2nd derivative(time) d2
dt 2
f (t ) s 2 F ( s ) − sf (0− ) −
n +1 dt
polynomial tn n! s
df (0− )
exponential e − at 1 s n F ( s ) − s n −1 f (0− ) − s n − 2 
dt
s+a nth derivative (time) f ( n ) (t )
d n − 2 f (0 − ) d n −1 f (0− )
1 −s −
damped ramp te − at dt n−2
dt n −1
( s + a)2
t 1
damped 1 n −1 − at 1 Integral (time) ∫ f (τ )dτ F (s)
( n −1)! t e s
0
polynomial ( s + a)n
Translation (time) f (t − a )u (t − a ) e − as F ( s )
ω0
sine sin(ω0 t ) Translation
e − at f (t ) F ( s + a)
s 2 + ω0 2 (Laplace)
s 1 s
cosine cos(ω0 t ) Time Scaling f (at ) F 
s 2 + ω0 2 a a
ω0 First derivative dF ( s )
damped sine e − at sin(ω0 t ) t f (t ) −
( s + a ) 2 + ω0 2 (Laplace) ds
s+a nth derivative d n F (s)
damped cosine e − at
cos(ω0 t ) (Laplace)
t n f (t ) (−1) n
( s + a ) 2 + ω0 2 ds n
f (t ) ∞
Note: roots of ( s + a ) 2 + ω0 2  are − a ± jω0 Integral (Laplace)
t ∫s
F (u )du

Additional Laplace Transform Pairs for Complex Conjugate Poles

f (t ) F (s) Comments
*
k k
2 | k | e −α t cos(ω0 t + θ ) u (t ) +
 s + α − j ω0 s + α + jω0
where k =| k |∠θ 
>0

k k∗
2 | k | te −α t cos(ω0 t + θ ) u (t ) +
 ( s + α − j ω0 ) 2
( s + α + jω0 ) 2 (Repeated complex poles)
where k =| k |∠θ 
>0

− 12 b1t   k2 − 12 k1b1   k1 s + k2 =
where ω0 1
4b0 − b12
 k1 cos ω0 t +   sin ω0 t  u (t )
2
e
  ω0   s + b1 s + b0
2
Note that poles of F ( s ) are − 12 b1 ± jω0

=
where ω0 1
4b0 − b12 and
k1 s + k2
2
− 12 b1t
Ae cos(ω0 t + θ )u (t )   k − 1 k b 
s + b1 s + b0
2
A∠θ =  k1 − j  2 2 1 1  .
  ω0  

Initial and Final Value Theorems

Initial Value Theorem f (0+ ) = lim+ f (t ) = lim sF ( s ) Holds if f(t) has no impulse function at time 0.
t →0 s →∞

Final Value Theorem f (∞) = lim f (t ) = lim sF ( s ) Holds if F(s) has at most one pole at the origin and all other poles
t →∞ s →0 have negative real part.