1.

0 Operating Systems
1. Identify basic features of Microsoft Windows editions.
• Windows 10 editions
- Home

- Pro

- Pro for Workstations

- Enterprise

• Feature differences
- Domain access vs. workgroup

- Desktop styles/user interface

- Availability of Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP)

- Random-access memory (RAM) support limitations

- BitLocker

- gpedit.msc
Note: Windows 10 editions RAM limits: Home = 128 GB, Pro = 2 TB, Pro for Workstations/ Enterprise = 6
TB.

Note: Regardless of what edition you run, it’s important to make sure that your system has the
resources required to run Windows. For example, on a 64-bit system, the Windows 10 minimum
requirements include 1 GHz CPU, 2 GB of RAM, and 20 GB of free storage space (32 GB for virtual
machines).

• Upgrade paths
- In-place upgrad

2. Given a scenario, use the appropriate Microsoft command-line tool.

• Navigation
- cd Change directory. This command enables you to move from one directory to
another.
cd.. command moves you up one directory; it takes you from the current
directory to the parent directory.
cd \ command takes you directly to the top (root) of the volume that you are
working in.
- dir it displays the contents of the current directory.
- md Make directory. This command creates directories.
- rmdir rd: Remove directory
- Drive navigation inputs: C: or D: or x:
-tree: This command shows all the directories and subdirectories at your current
position.
• Command-line tools
- ipconfig The Internet Protocol configuration command, ipconfig, displays current
TCP/IP network configuration values. This is one of the first tools you should use
when troubleshooting network connectivity.
- ping tests whether another host is available over the network. Using this
command is an easy way to see if another host is “alive.”
- hostname command simply displays the name of the local computer.
- netstat shows the network statistics for the local computer.
- nslookup queries DNS servers to discover DNS details, including the IP addresses
of hosts.
- chkdsk checks a drive, fixes basic issues like lost files, and displays a status
report; it can also fix some errors on the drive with the addition of the /F switch.
- net user lists the user accounts on the local computer.
- net use To view any currently mapped network drives
- tracert uses icmp to return a hop count
- format You use this command to format storage media to a particular file
system, such as NTFS, FAT, or FAT32.
- Del When you are done with a file and are ready to delete it, use del.
- xcopy The xcopy command is meant to copy large amounts of data from one
location to another; it even makes exact copies of entire directory trees.
- copy This command allows you to copy one or more files to another location.
- robocopy Robust File Copy is a directory replication tool. It is meant to copy
directories that contain lots of data, and it can even mirror complete directory
trees from one computer to another. r
- gpupdate updates the latest group policy setting
- gpresult show what group policy is applied to the computer
- shutdown command is used to turn off a computer, restart it, send it to
hibernate mode, log a person off, and so on.
- sfc System File Checker (SFC) is a Windows utility that checks protected system
files. It replaces incorrect versions or missing files with the correct files. SFC can
be used to fix problems with Edge/Internet Explorer and other Windows
applications.
- [command name] /?
- diskpart: This utility is the command-line counterpart of the Windows Disk
Management program. This program needs to be run by typing diskpart before
any of the diskpart actions can be implemented.
- pathping performs a ping and traceroute at the same time.
- winver command brings up a window that tells you what operating system you
are running, the edition, and the build number.
Objective 1.2 focuses on navigational commands such as cd, dir, md, and rmdir;
as well as command-line tools such as chkdsk, sfc, format, and robocopy.
Note: Know how to open PowerShell from the Search tool, from the Start menu,
and from the Run prompt.
Note: The older versions of md and rd are mkdir and rmdir, respectively.
Note: %systemroot% is the folder where Windows was installed; by default, it is
C:\Windows.
ExamAlert: Know the basic switches for chkdsk and sfc, such as chkdsk /F and
sfc /scannow.
ExamAlert: Know the basic switches for chkdsk and sfc, such as chkdsk /F and
sfc /scannow.
Note You can also use the ping loopback and ping localhost commands, adding -4
for IPv4 and -6 for IPv6. However, for testing, pinging the IP address is usually
recommended.
ExamAlert: Know how to ping the local loopback IPv4 and IPv6 addresses.
ExamAlert: Know how to use the -t, -n, -l, -a, -4, and -6 options with ping.
3 Given a scenario, use features and tools of the Microsoft
Windows 10 operating system (OS).
• Task Manager

- Services

- Startup

- Performance

- Processes

- Users

• Microsoft Management Console

(MMC) snap-in

- Event Viewer (eventvwr.msc)

- Disk Management (diskmgmt.msc)

- Task Scheduler (taskschd.msc)

- Device Manager (devmgmt.msc)

- Certificate Manager (certmgr.msc)

- Local Users and Groups

(lusrmgr.msc)

- Performance Monitor

(perfmon.msc)

- Group Policy Editor (gpedit.msc)

• Additional tools

- System Information (msinfo32.

exe)

- Resource Monitor (resmon.exe)

- System Configuration (msconfig.

exe)

- Disk Cleanup (cleanmgr.exe)

- Disk Defragment (dfrgui.exe)

- Registry Editor (regedit.exe)

4. Given a scenario, use the appropriate Microsoft Windows 10

Control Panel utility.
• Internet Options

• Devices and Printers

• Programs and Features

• Network and Sharing Center

• System

• Windows Defender Firewall

• Mail

• Sound

• User Accounts

• Device Manager

• Indexing Options

• Administrative Tools

• File Explorer Options

- Show hidden files

- Hide extensions

- General options

- View options

• Power Options

- Hibernate

- Power plans

- Sleep/suspend

- Standby

- Choose what closing the lid does

- Turn on fast startup

- Universal Serial Bus (USB)

selective suspend

• Ease of Access

5. Given a scenario, use the appropriate Windows settings.

• Time and Language

• Update and Security

• Personalization

• Apps

• Privacy

• System

• Devices

• Network and Internet

• Gaming

• Accounts

6. Given a scenario, configure Microsoft Windows networking features on a

client/desktop.
• Workgroup vs. domain setup

- Shared resources

- Printers

- File servers

- Mapped drives

• Local OS firewall settings

- Application restrictions and

exceptions

- Configuration

• Client network configuration

- Internet Protocol (IP) addressing

scheme

- Domain Name System (DNS)

settings

- Subnet mask

- Gateway

- Static vs. dynamic

• Establish network connections

- Virtual private network (VPN)

- Wireless

- Wired

- Wireless wide area network

(WWAN)

• Proxy settings

• Public network vs. private network

• File Explorer navigation – network

paths

• Metered connections and limitations

7. Given a scenario, apply application installation and configuration

concepts.
• System requirements for applications

- 32-bit vs. 64-bit dependent

application requirements

- Dedicated graphics card vs.

integrated

- Video random-access memory

(VRAM) requirements

- RAM requirements

- Central processing unit (CPU)

requirements

- External hardware tokens

- Storage requirements

• OS requirements for applications

- Application to OS compatibility

- 32-bit vs. 64-bit OS

• Distribution methods

- Physical media vs. downloadable

- ISO mountable

• Other considerations for new

applications

- Impact to device

- Impact to network

- Impact to operation

- Impact to business

8. Explain common OS types and their purposes.

• Workstation OSs

- Windows

- Linux

- macOS

- Chrome OS

• Cell phone/tablet OSs

- iPadOS

- iOS

- Android

• Various filesystem types

- New Technology File System

(NTFS)

- File Allocation Table 32 (FAT32)

- Third extended filesystem (ext3)

- Fourth extended filesystem

(ext4)

- Apple File System (APFS)

- Extensible File Allocation Table

(exFAT)

• Vendor life-cycle limitations

- End-of-life (EOL)

- Update limitations

• Compatibility concerns between OSs

9. Given a scenario, perform OS installations and upgrades in a

diverse OS environment.
• Boot methods

- USB

- Optical media

- Network

- Solid-state/flash drives

- Internet-based

- External/hot-swappable drive

- Internal hard drive (partition)

• Types of installations

- Upgrade

- Recovery partition

- Clean install

- Image deployment

- Repair installation

- Remote network installation

- Other considerations
M Third-party drivers

• Partitioning

- GUID [globally unique identifier]

Partition Table (GPT)

- Master boot record (MBR)

• Drive format

• Upgrade considerations

- Backup files and user

preferences

- Application and driver support/

backward compatibility

- Hardware compatibility

• Feature updates

- Product life cycle

10. Identify common features and tools of the macOS/desktop OS.

• Installation and uninstallation of applications

- File types

M .dmg

M .pkg

M .app

- App Store

- Uninstallation process

• Apple ID and corporate

restrictions

• Best practices

- Backups

- Antivirus

- Updates/patches

• System Preferences
- Displays

- Networks

- Printers

- Scanners

- Privacy

- Accessibility

- Time Machine

• Features

- Multiple desktops

- Mission Control

- Keychain

- Spotlight

- iCloud

- Gestures

- Finder

- Remote Disc

- Dock

• Disk Utility

• FileVault

• Terminal

• Force Quit

11. Identify common features and tools of the Linux client/desktop OS.

• Common commands

- ls

- pwd

- mv

- cp

- rm
- chmod

- chown

- su/sudo

- apt-get

- yum

- ip

- df

- grep

- ps

- man

- top

- find

- dig

- cat

- nano

• Best practices

- Backups

- Antivirus

- Updates/patches

• Tools

- Shell/terminal

- Samba