Unit 6

Radical Expressions and Equations

2/10 (A) P. 3 - 4 None

2/11 (B)

2/12 (A) P. 5 None

2/13 (B)

2/14 (A) P. 6 None

2/17 (B)

2/18 (A) P. 7 - 8 Quiz: Simplifying,

2/19 (B) Adding/Subtracting,
Multiplying Radicals and
Rational Exponents

2/20 (A) P. 9 - 11 None

2/21 (B)

2/24 (A) None None

2/25 (B)

2/26 (A) None Unit 6 Test

2/27 (B)

key
Name:______________________________

Test Date:___________________________

1
An exponent that is a fraction.

A number which indicates which root

is desired of the number under the
radical.

The value underneath the radical

symbol.

A solution to an equation that we get

when solving algebraically that turns
out to not be a solution when we
check with substitution.

2
When we have a radical that is not a perfect square or cube, we want to simplify the expression so
that it is in its simplest radical form.

1.) Break the number under the radical into its using a factor tree.
2.) Circle groups of prime numbers together that are the size of the index (2 for square root and
3 for cube root).
3.) Place one number per group on the outside of the radical symbol and multiply these numbers
together.
4.) Keep any prime numbers not grouped together under the radical symbol and multiply these
numbers together.
5.) Write out the variables and repeat Steps 2-4.

I 2
:
3 I :
3 3 I : 3
2 3 5 8 27
1. 2 8𝑝 𝑞 𝑟 2. 3.
256𝑥 𝑦
20 − 576𝑛 𝑝
,

↓
****
S
%
28

a
⑫
r
2

*
Y
1
↑
8 ↑
* 33

·
z
2 . 2 .

p
.

gg .
r
22

- 1 .
2 .
zon .
n .

pann
4pq zar 2 2 .
.

x'
z
xFy .

4n2p
4x
xY
4 I 4 5 I :
S 6
7 2 :
10 6 17 I 6
4. 5. G 6.
:

144𝑥 𝑦 − 6 32𝑦 1024𝑎 𝑏

11
-y

S
x

3 ca
Kxxx 2

&
12
YY
X 1

34X3 4 8/X8 bobbbbb

1 XX

⑫z
x

2 .
XXY
x" 553x Y
.
.
Syyyyyy 22
6 2
y Y
2 a b b"2
2 Dobb
2xy
.

2 2
.
- . .
.
.
.
.
.
.

Zab2Nobs
12y2
-

leftover 3
nothing
*
 E

E
I

Index

Exponent
Remember the saying EOI: “Exponent Over Index”

Examples: Convert each of the expressions below to the opposite form. Simplify if possible.

2
25 25t
2 −1 3

()" 23
4
1. ( 25) = =
2. 8 3 • 8 3
3. 4 2 =
=

=
85 5 +
85
Es
= =

S
=

g
= =

388 =
2

(()z x5 5 5
2 2 7 + 3

4. 27 3 =
5. 𝑥 • 𝑥
5 5 =
6. 5 2 =

(3)2 x5 Nas
= =

= =
5
=
9 #xxxxxxx X* =S
55
=

Remember: Parentheses matter!

ex
1 1

36𝑥 2 =
=
36 (36𝑥) 2 =

6
=

4
In order to add or subtract any radical expression, each term must have the same
and .

1. 3 6 +1 6 =
4 To 2. 5 10 − 3 10 =
2 No

3. 5 3𝑎 − 7 3𝑎 =

=
2 B a
4. I 11𝑥𝑦 + 8 11𝑥𝑦 =

9NXY

5. 5𝑥 + 20𝑥 2 2 4xE -

2x2
6. 48𝑥 − 8𝑥 =

XS 2x
* 2
=

⑳
↑
⑫

5x + 25x = 35X

7. 12 + 75 + 2 27 3 4 3
8. 3 16𝑥 𝑦 − 4𝑦 18𝑥 + 𝑥 128𝑥𝑦
3 4 3 3

375754 1 ↑

e
** & 2
↑
⑫ ⑬ ⑰z 33

⑫X
23 + 583 +
35 ⑫
lxy" rx-4xy No
:

105 4xys Ex
+

loxy" rx-4xy Ex

4 4

9. 5 32𝑥 𝑦 + 4 98𝑥 𝑦
2 2 10. 7 64𝑦 − 6 96𝑦

t
⑮
⑭y
↑

*S ↑

⑫ ⑰
⑫
⑭Y
7 2
.
"
Ezy -

6 .

2 "Easy
5 .
2 2
. .

x2 + 4 7 .
.

x24
14
"Fly-12" Vey
20xy +
28xVy 5
48xEy
First, multiply the expressions together. Then, simplify and combine like radicals if possible.

3 2 4 3 5 6 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 3 4
1. (3 8𝑥 𝑦)(2 3𝑥 𝑦 ) 2. (4 8𝑑 𝑒 )(2 4𝑑 𝑒 ) 3. ( 54𝑥 𝑦 )( 5𝑥 𝑦 )

8de Foxy" 1 x

***
XX
32 2 GegY
8 2
.
.
e
d d
. e
.
.
e .

ezd
8 Es
Sey

6 2 x X y Y52xY yy Sxx
.
. . .
.

3
lld x
y
.

d
.
-

12xy vexy
-

3xy23 Noxzy

Distribute
= - -
3 3 3
4. (2 5 )(4 + 3 10) 5. (2 3)(7 − 3) 6. (2 5)(6 25 − 2)

145-259 Izirs-2To
855 + 6550
12(s) 2To
gl
1483 -
2(b) -

1453-6 60-23To
855 + 6 .

855 + 3022

FOIL
- -
2
7. ( 5 − 6 )( 5 + 2 ) 8. (4 3 + 7 )(5 6 − 8 ) 9. ( 8 − 2 3 )
= -
-

s + No-o -

V2 2018 -

4824 + 52 -
56 (58-2(3)(8 283) -

/
me
1
↑ N

· ⑫ 3
2004-224 -
2824 + 459
⑪ 8 -

424 + 4(3)
S +0-50-253
60r2 -
856 +
S42 -

254 Liz
8 -

856 + 12 =
20 -

856

6
When dividing radicals, your goal is to manipulate the expression so the radical is no longer
in the denominator.

i
3 3 5
5 4 54𝑎 𝑏
Fig 2.
16𝑥 𝑦
1. 2𝑥𝑦
=

3 2 2
16𝑎 𝑏

Y
y zy =
=
2 x X
.
.
.
a

2xyy
3
=

·
4
4.
=
6
3. 7
3
2

Fi -
-

·
8
· 6.
2𝑥+3
5. 3 2
2𝑥 3𝑥

· 2x
·
7
To simplify these types of problems, we need to of the
denominator.

1.
12
1− 3 · 2.
−4
5+ 7 · 3.
13
4− 3 ·
12+ 125

-
=

·
T-

2
I
=

-
6 -

65
·
zu 4 + 5
9

·
Er

·
−2− 3 3𝑥+5 11− 3
4. 5. ⑳

6.
5− 2 3+ 2𝑥 7+ 2

·
ext
-
-

23
Fin
8
1. Isolate the radical expression on one side of the equals sign if possible.
2. Undo the radical symbol by raising both sides of the equation to the power of the index.
3. Solve for x. You may have to solve either a linear or quadratic equation.
4. Check your answer by plugging it back into the original equation.

((
-

1. (("()
𝑥= 3 2. 2𝑥 − 1 = ()2
5 3. 2 𝑥 − 5 = − 1
+S + 5

D9 2x
-
=

2
=
e
zX 2
=

Check :
(rx)(2)
:3
#3 #4

Check :
Check :
+3- 1
=
5 2 -

5 = -1

-1 =
S 2 .
2 -

S - =

Es = 4 -

5 =-

3 1
4. 3 + 4𝑥 + 3 = 5 5. 5 + 2𝑥 = 3 6. (𝑥 + 3) − 2 = 9 2

(x) : E
3 3 S
- -
-

(r(x3) (2)2
+
+
=
3-2 =
4x + 3 4 (N3)=(11)
=
2

=-
=

3 3
-
-

x+ 3 =
12)
4X = 1 -

3
-

3
-4
Dx
-4 =

#118
# Check :
Check :

Check :

S ++4)
3
8 2 9
= -
=
+ 3
3 + )3 +
=
S
S+
"
F8 = 3
N2l 2 =
9
N
-

3+ =
S
3
S+ 2 = 3r 11 -2 = 9
M
-

3 + =
S

3 + 2 = s

9
 7. ((((2
𝑥 + 4 = 2𝑥 − 1 8. ((((2
𝑥 + 16 = 3 𝑥 9.
3 2
𝑥 + 4− 2 = 0
+ 2 2
+

X + 16 9X
X+ 4 2x 1
(1) (2)3
=
= -

=
X X
-
-

-
x
-

X+
=
4 g
Xi
=

8
-

8
-

X2 4 0
Ex
-
=

EX (x + 2)(X 2) -
=
0

Check : Check :
#2)
54 = Est +1
=
3
Check :
r = N8 =
3 324 2 0
[224
+ - =
> + -
2 =
0

3 2 3 -88 -
2 =
0
3 58
=
=
-
2 =
0
2 2= 0-
3
-

38 =
2 -
2 = ov

((((2
10. 𝑥 + 1 =
2
3𝑥 + 1
2
(1)(
11. 𝑥 + 5 = 1 + 𝑥 − 1 12. (("(
4 2
𝑥 − 6𝑥 = 2
+

(x2+ 1)(x2+ 1) 3xz + 1 x+ S (1 r)(1 x)

= + +

X2
=

6x =
16
X" 2x2 + 1 3x2 + 1
X+ S X + 2x + xy -16 14
-

+ =
=

3x2 1 X
- -

3x2 1
- -

X2
-

X
6x
-

16 = 0

(5) (2x1)2
-
-

*
X x2 0
(X 8)(x + 2) 0
=
=
-

(x 1) =
0 25 = 4(X 1) -

x
-

4 X- 8 = 0 X+2 0 =

4x
(x+ 1) 0(x 1) 025
-
=

== 0
Dis
- =
=

x + 4
+ 4 2

To MAKE z
K

10
In order to main properties of functions, we must assume that the square root of a number
must always be positive. Therefore, a square root symbol can not equal a negative number.

3𝑥 + 8 = 2 3 5𝑥 − 1 + 6 = 0
8 8 6 6
- - -
-

5x =
⑯ =-
solution
+=
No

No Solution

You can usually tell that an equation will have an extraneous solution if you see a variable
outside of the radical symbol.

(((2
𝑥 = 42 − 𝑥
((((2
2 − 𝑥= 𝑥 + 4

(x + 4)(X + 4)
X2 2 X
42
=

X
-

= -

2 -

X =
x2 + 8x + 16

Xi+ x -

42 =
0 -

2 + X +X
-

(X + 1)(x b) - =
0 0
= x2 + 9x + 14

(x + z)(X + )
* E 0
=

X =

Check :
#Exx
check
=

7 =
N4z
- 6 =
142-6
=2 = -
2+ 4 =T =
-

7+ 4
-

1 =9 4 = 56
# 2 5 =
3
7
=

6 = 6
z = 2 3 = -

3X

11