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PDC Lecture 2

A multi-core processor consists of two or more independent cores that allow simultaneous management of tasks, enhancing performance without significantly increasing power consumption. Threads are sequences of instructions executed independently, enabling parallel processing and improved software efficiency. While multithreading offers benefits like improved performance and resource utilization, it also introduces complexity and the potential for race conditions in software development.

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PDC Lecture 2

A multi-core processor consists of two or more independent cores that allow simultaneous management of tasks, enhancing performance without significantly increasing power consumption. Threads are sequences of instructions executed independently, enabling parallel processing and improved software efficiency. While multithreading offers benefits like improved performance and resource utilization, it also introduces complexity and the potential for race conditions in software development.

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muhammadosama0121
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Processors, Cores & Threads

What is a multi-core processor ?


• A processing system composed of two or more
independent cores, which facilitates
simultaneous managing of activities.
◼ Dual-core and CPU1 and CPU2 and

quad-core L1 Cache L1 Cache

processor
◼ High performance L2 Cache
without driving up
power consumption
Main Memory

Dual-core Architecture
Advantages ?
CPU

CPU1 CPU2

Single-core Dual-core
Large tasks running Large tasks can be
simultaneously slow down processed in separate CPUs
Understanding Threads and Cores

Threads Cores
•A thread is a sequence of instructions that •A core is an independent processing unit
can be executed independently by a within a processor.
processor. •Each core can execute multiple threads
•Multiple threads can be executed simultaneously, allowing for parallel
simultaneously by a processor, allowing for processing.
parallel processing. •Having multiple cores in a processor can
•Threads can improve the performance significantly improve the performance and
and efficiency of software applications by multitasking capabilities of a computer
utilizing the available processing resources system.
more effectively.
Benefits of Multithreading
• Improved Performance
Multithreading allows for concurrent execution of
multiple threads, which can result in improved
performance and faster execution times. By dividing tasks
into smaller threads that can run simultaneously, the
overall processing time can be significantly reduced.
• Resource Utilization
Multithreading enables better utilization of
system resources, such as CPU cores and
memory. By efficiently distributing tasks
across multiple threads, the system can
make use of idle resources and maximize
overall efficiency. This can lead to better
scalability and responsiveness of applications.
Limitations of Multithreading
• Increased Complexity
• Multithreading introduces additional
complexity to software development,
making it more challenging to write and
maintain code.
• Potential for Race Conditions
• When multiple threads access
shared resources concurrently,
race conditions can occur,
leading to unpredictable and
erroneous behavior.

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