Mark Scheme

(Standardisation)

Summer 2019

Pearson Edexcel GCSE

In Combined Science (1SC0) Paper 1PF
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Summer 2019
Publications Code 1SC0_1PF_1906_MS
All the material in this publication is copyright
© Pearson Education Ltd 2019
General Marking Guidance

• All candidates must receive the same treatment. Examiners must mark the first
candidate in exactly the same way as they mark the last.
• Mark schemes should be applied positively. Candidates must be rewarded for what
they have shown they can do rather than penalised for omissions.
• Examiners should mark according to the mark scheme not according to their
perception of where the grade boundaries may lie.
• There is no ceiling on achievement. All marks on the mark scheme should be used
appropriately.
• All the marks on the mark scheme are designed to be awarded. Examiners should
always award full marks if deserved, i.e. if the answer matches the mark
scheme. Examiners should also be prepared to award zero marks if the candidate’s
response is not worthy of credit according to the mark scheme.
• Where some judgement is required, mark schemes will provide the principles by
which marks will be awarded and exemplification may be limited.
• When examiners are in doubt regarding the application of the mark scheme to a
candidate’s response, the team leader must be consulted.
• Crossed out work should be marked UNLESS the candidate has replaced it with an
alternative response.
Mark schemes have been developed so that the rubrics of each mark scheme reflects the characteristics
of the skills within the AO being targeted and the requirements of the command word. So for example
the command word ‘Explain’ requires an identification of a point and then reasoning/justification of the
point.

Explain questions can be asked across all AOs. The distinction comes whether the identification is via a
judgment made to reach a conclusion, or, making a point through application of knowledge to
reason/justify the point made through application of understanding. It is the combination and linkage of
the marking points that is needed to gain full marks.

When marking questions with a ‘describe’ or ‘explain’ command word, the detailed marking guidance
below should be consulted to ensure consistency of marking.

Assessment Command Word

Objective

Strand Element Describe Explain

AO1 An answer that combines the An explanation that links

marking points to provide a logical identification of a point with
description reasoning/justification(s) as
required

AO2 An answer that combines the An explanation that links

marking points to provide a logical identification of a point (by
description, showing application of applying knowledge) with
knowledge and understanding reasoning/justification (application
of understanding)

AO3 1a and An answer that combines points of

1b interpretation/evaluation to
provide a logical description

AO3 2a and An explanation that combines

2b identification via a judgment to
reach a conclusion via
justification/reasoning

AO3 3a An answer that combines the

marking points to provide a logical
description of the
plan/method/experiment

AO3 3b An explanation that combines

identifying an improvement of the
experimental procedure with a
linked justification/reasoning

.
Question Answer Mark
Number:
1(a) (i) all three correct (2) (2)
one or two correct (1)

Question Answer Additional guidance Mark

Number
1(a)(ii) Q and S in either order (2)

Q (1) (and) S (1) maximum of 1 mark if 3 letters given

OR no marks if 4 or more letters given

S (1) (and) Q (1)

Question Answer Additional guidance Mark

Number:
1(a)(iii) substitution (1) for 1st mp accept 100 x 30 (2)

(distance =) 30 x 100 OR (30 x 50) x 2

award full marks for the correct

evaluation (1)
3000 (m) answer without working

allow 1 mark for

EITHER

30 x 50

OR

30 x 150

OR

30 x 250
Question Answer Additional guidance Mark
Number
1(b) substitution (1) accept 1800 kg x 1.2 m/s2 (2)
1800 x 1.2
reject 1800 x 1.22

evaluation (1)
2200 (N) 2160 (N)

award full marks for the correct answer

without working

allow 1 mark total for 2200 OR 2160 with

any other power of ten

(Total for Question 1 = 8 marks)

Question Answer Additional guidance Mark
Number

2(a)(i) (1)
1840 (J) (1)

Question Answer Mark

Number

2(a)(ii) substitution (1) (2)

(efficiency =) 160

2000
evaluation (1)

0.08 OR 8 (%)
Ignore any units

award full marks for the correct answer

without working

Question Answer Additional guidance Mark

Number

2(a)(iii) reference to : IGNORE gets re-used / recycled (1)

thermal (energy) (1) heat

OR OR

(to) atmosphere / (to) the air /sky/ steam

(lost to) environment
/surroundings/dissipated
(1)

OR
accept named form of energy
transferred/changed to
another form of energy
(1)
Question Answer Additional guidance Mark
Number

2(a)(iv) an answer that makes reference to IGNORE unqualified pollutes/pollution (2)

any two from IGNORE ozone layer
IGNORE non-renewable
IGNORE ‘fumes’

(causes) greenhouse effect OR

produces/ releases/makes/gives
contributes to global warming/climate
off carbon dioxide / CO2
change
/greenhouse gases (1)
allow CO2

produces carbon monoxide / CO

causes carbon monoxide poisoning
(1)

produces air pollution (1)

accept (harmful) particles /dust

produces sulphur dioxide/ SO(2) causes acid rain

(1)
blackens/ stains buildings/statues
produces soot /smoke (1)

slag heaps/ mining damages the

mining coal (1) landscape/habitats/ecosystem OR
ground needs to be dug up

Question Answer Additional guidance Mark

Number

2(b) substitution (1) (3)

½ x 8 x 1.5(2)
calculation of v2 (1)
2.25

evaluation (1)

9(.0) (J)
9000 (J) scores 2 marks

6(.0)(J) scores 2 marks

6000 (J) scores 1 mark

award full marks for the correct answer

without working

(Total for Question 2 = 9 marks)

Question Answer Additional guidance Mark
Number

3(a)(i) (2)
Atoms may form positive ions by
losing electrons. (1) accept any clear indication that
correct word is in gap

The electrons involved in forming positive

ions are the outer electrons (1)

Question Answer Mark

Number

3(a)(ii) The only correct answer is C gamma (1)

A is not correct because alpha radiation is not electromagnetic

B is not correct because beta minus radiation is not electromagnetic

D is not correct because neutron radiation is not electromagnetic

Question Answer Mark

Number

3(a)(iii) The only correct answer is A alpha (1)

B is not correct because beta minus travels further in air than alpha

C is not correct because beta plus travels further in air than alpha

D is not correct because gamma travels further in air than alpha and beta
Question Answer Additional guidance Mark
Number

3(b)(i) one from: (1)

(radiation from them) (can cause) accept any named type of cancer
cancer / tumours (1)

radiation sickness / radiation

poisoning (1)

(radiation from them can) mutate / al- accept birth defects OR sterilisation
ter/ deform / damage / ionise / kill {cell
OR DNA OR genes} (1)

burns skin (1)

Ignore
unqualified poisoning
kills you
skin damage

Question Answer Additional guidance Mark

Number

3(b)(ii) (2)
neutron (in the nucleus) (1) down quark / d (in the neutron)

OR mass/nucleon number stays same

becomes an up quark / u

becomes a proton (and an electron) OR atomic/proton number increases

(1) by 1

n > p + e(- ) scores 2 marks

if no other mark scored allow for 1

mark
(it) emits an electron
OR
beta (minus) is an electron
OR
energy is released
OR
loses a proton and gains a neutron

IGNORE gaining/losing/becoming
electron(s)
Question Answer Mark
Number

3(c) B 10-10 m (1)

Question Answer Additional guidance Mark

Number:

3(d) substitution (1) (3)

1.6726 (x 10-27)
9.1094 (x 10-31)

evaluation (1) Allow 1 mark for answers that round to 1.836

to any power of ten for this mark
1836
1.836 x 103 OR 1.80 x 103
accept 1840 or any rounding of 1836.125

evaluation to 2 sf (1)
1800 1.8 x 103

any number shown to 2 sf gets this mark

award full marks for the correct answer

without working

(Total for Question 3 = 11 marks)

Question Answer Mark
Number

4(a)(i) The only correct answer is C 20 m/s (1)

A is not correct because 0.2 m/s is too slow

B is not correct because 2 m/s is too slow

D is not correct because 200 m/s is too fast

Question Answer Additional guidance Mark

Number

4(a)(ii) NO PoT error (3)

NO ecf from wrong equation

recall (1)
(∆GPE) = m × g × ∆h mgh or m x g x h

substitution (1)

(∆GPE =) 75 x 10 x 20 75 x 10 x 20 scores the first 2 marks

evaluation (1)

15 000 (J)
accept 14700 (J) from using g = 9.8
(N/kg)

award full marks for the correct answer

without working
Question Answer Additional guidance Mark
Number

4(b) (2)
substitution (1)

80(2) (- 02) allow 1 mark for seeing 80

2x4 8

evaluation (1)

800 (m) ignore any minus signs

award full marks for the correct

answer without working

Question Answer Additional guidance Mark

Number

4(c)(i) (1)
(metre) rule(r) (1) accept measuring tape/stick
tape measure

light gate

Question Answer Additional Mark

Number guidance

4(c)(ii) A description that combines the (2)

following points to produce a logical
method:

hang/attach/add/put/increase
{masses / weights} (1)

on/to (the end of) the string (over accept on/at/from the pulley wheel
the pulley wheel) (1)

OR

apply a force to the trolley /string (1) ‘ pull the string‘

(by a) pull / push / rubber band (1) OR

push the trolley scores 2 marks
OR

putting trolley on a slope (1) slanting the bench

allow the trolley to run down (1) (let) gravity pull the trolley
Question Answer Additional guidance Mark
Number

4(c)(iii) Any one from: (1)

speed (at the start/end of the run) (different/additional) speed / velocity

(1)

appropriate ticker tape(s)

time (between changes in speed)
(1)

(Total for Question 4 = 10 marks)

Question Answer Mark
Number

5(a) C red (1)

The only correct answer is C red

A is not correct because blue has a shorter wavelength than red

B is not correct because green has a shorter wavelength than red

D is not correct because yellow has a shorter wavelength than red

Question Answer Additional guidance Mark

Number

5(b) an explanation linking: (2)

infrared is absorbed / blocked (by the allow stopped

armchair/objects) / cannot pass through it

OR

radio waves can go through (the

transmitted
armchair/objects) (1)

WITH

(infrared and radio have) different accept comparison

wavelengths / frequencies
OR infrared requires ‘line-of-sight’ (idea)
OR radio waves do not require ‘line-of-
sight’ (idea)
OR diffraction (idea)
(1)
Question Answer Additional guidance Mark
Number

5(c)(i) evidence of use of scale on horizontal may be seen on the diagram (2)
distance axis only (1)

range 11.5 to 12.5 (cm)

12 (cm) (1)

award full marks for the correct

answer without working

6 (cm) or 30(cm) scores 1 mark

(evidence of use)

Question Answer Additional guidance Mark

Number

5(c)(ii) a description to include: independent marking points (2)

moves up and down (1) vertical (oscillations)

at right angles / normal / perpendicular not in the (direction of) wave /

to (direction of) wave/travel (1) travel

accept ‘transverse wave’ for 2nd

MP

Question Answer Additional guidance Mark

Number

5(d) recall and substitution (1) (2)

(v =) 0.25 x 1.5

evaluation (1)

0.38 (m/s) accept 0.375 or 0.37 (m/s)

accept 37.5, 37 or 38 for 1 mark

only

award full marks for the correct

answer without working

(Total for Question 5 = 9 marks)

Question Answer Additional guidance Mark
Number:

6 (a) one mark for each column (2)

must have both numbers in

a column correct to get the
7 6 mark

8 6
(1) (1)

Question Answer Additional guidance Mark

Number

6(b)(i) Geiger (Müller counter) (1) GM {tube/meter} or other (1)

appropriate detector e.g. dosimeter,
film badge, scintillation counter

accept incorrect spellings such as

“giga”

ignore radioactive counter

Question Answer Additional guidance Mark
Number

6(b)(ii) any two acceptable sources from (2)

:
cosmic microwave background radiation
cosmic (rays) (1) (CMBR)

Sun (1)

rocks / ground (1)

accept nuclear accidents (Chernobyl,
{nuclear / atomic} tests / nuclear Fukushima etc)
waste (1)

(nuclear) power stations (1)

plant (sources) (1)

buildings (1)
accept named foods
food (1)

water (1)
accept X-rays, radiotherapy
medical (1)

radon (1)
ignore alpha, beta, gamma
Question Answer Additional guidance Mark
Number

6(c) processing (1) (2)

125 000 accept an appropriate attempt using

1 000 000 more than one halving

OR
1
8

OR
3 half-lives or 3 x 5700

evaluation (1)

17 100 17 000

award full marks for the correct

answer without working

Question Answer Mark

Number

6(d) Answers will be credited according to candidate's deployment of (6)

knowledge and understanding of the material in relation to the
qualities and skills outlined in the generic mark scheme.

The indicative content below is not prescriptive and candidates are

not required to include all the material which is indicated as relevant.
Additional content included in the response must be scientific and
relevant.

AO3 and AO2 (6 marks)

AO3

• most go straight through to P

• some are deflected through small angles to Q
• few have deflections greater than 90° to R
• or are even reflected (bounce back off the foil) to R

AO2

• alpha positive is repelled by positive nucleus

• atom being mostly empty space
• atoms have a small nucleus
• nucleus has a big mass / density
• +ve charge concentrated into a very small space
Level Mark Descriptor

0 • No awardable content

Level 1 1–2 • Interpretation and evaluation of the information attempted but will be lim-
ited with a focus on mainly just one variable. Demonstrates limited synthesis
of understanding. (AO3)

• The explanation attempts to link and apply knowledge and understanding of

scientific ideas, flawed or simplistic connections made between elements in
the context of the question. (AO2)
Level 2 3–4 • Interpretation and evaluation of the information on both variables, synthe-
sising mostly relevant understanding. (AO3)

• The explanation is mostly supported through linkage and application of

knowledge and understanding of scientific ideas, some logical connections
made between elements in the context of the question. (AO2)
Level 3 5–6 • Interpretation and evaluation of the information, demonstrating throughout
the skills of synthesising relevant understanding. (AO3)

• The explanation is supported throughout by linkage and application of

knowledge and understanding of scientific ideas, logical connections made
between elements in the context of the question. (AO2)

Summary for guidance

Level Mark Additional Guidance General additional guidance – the
decision within levels

Eg - At each level, as well as content, the

scientific coherency of what is stated will
help place the answer at the top, or the
bottom, of that level.

0 No rewardable material.

Level 1 1–2 Additional guidance Possible candidate responses

unlinked statement from
the diagram or table or most particles go to P (from table)
knowledge of the atom OR
particles refract/bend to Q (from
diagram)
Level 2 3–4 Additional guidance Possible candidate responses

One link between any TWO

Most particles go straight through (the
of diagram, table,
gold) to P (from table and diagram)
knowledge about atoms.
OR
Most particles go to P which means an
atom is mainly space (from table and
knowledge)
OR
particles are reflected because there is
a nucleus (diagram and knowledge)
Level 3 5–6 Additional guidance Possible candidate responses

One link between diagram

Most particles go straight through (the
AND table AND knowledge
gold) to P which means an atom is
about atoms
mainly space
OR
A few particles reflected back to R
which means an atom has a nucleus

(Total for Question 6 = 13 marks)

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