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Unit 8 - Basic Calculus

The document covers implicit differentiation, a method for finding the derivatives of implicit functions, which are not expressed in the form y = f(x). It includes definitions of explicit and implicit functions, examples, and practice problems to reinforce learning. The lesson aims to equip students with the ability to differentiate both explicit and implicit functions effectively.

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21-0128-tle
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26 views22 pages

Unit 8 - Basic Calculus

The document covers implicit differentiation, a method for finding the derivatives of implicit functions, which are not expressed in the form y = f(x). It includes definitions of explicit and implicit functions, examples, and practice problems to reinforce learning. The lesson aims to equip students with the ability to differentiate both explicit and implicit functions effectively.

Uploaded by

21-0128-tle
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Derivatives of

Implicit
Functions
Basic Calculus
Capstone Project
Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics
Learning Competency
At the end of the lesson, you should be able to do the following:

Illustrate implicit
differentiation
(STEM_BC11D-IIIi-2).

2
Learning Objectives
At the end of the lesson, you should be able to do the following:

● Differentiate explicit and implicit


functions.

● Use implicit differentiation in finding


the derivatives of implicit functions.
3
Explicit and Implicit Functions

An explicit function is a function


defined by the equation 𝒚 = 𝒇(𝒙). In
other words, 𝑦 is isolated on one side
of the equation.

4
Explicit and Implicit Functions

An implicit function is a function that


is not written in the form 𝒚 = 𝒇(𝒙).
This means that 𝑦 can be found on
either or both sides of the equation
together with 𝑥.
5
Implicit Differentiation

Implicit differentiation is a
method of finding the
derivatives of implicit
functions.
6
Implicit Differentiation

𝑑𝑦
In solving for , the differentiation taking
𝑑𝑥
place is with respect to 𝒙 . When we
differentiate with similar variables, we
differentiate as it is.

𝒅
In 𝑥 2, the derivative is 𝒙𝟐 = 𝟐𝒙.
𝒅𝒙
7
Implicit Differentiation

However, if we have different


variables involved, we apply the chain
rule.

If we differentiate 𝑦 2 with respect to 𝑥,


𝒅𝒚
we get 𝟐𝒚 .
𝒅𝒙 8
Implicit Differentiation

Example:
Find the derivative of
2 2
x + y = 4.
9
Implicit Differentiation

Example:
Find the derivative of
2 2
x + y = 4.
𝒅𝒚 𝒙
=−
𝒅𝒙 𝒚
10
Let’s Practice!

𝒅𝒚
Find if 𝟑𝒙 − 𝟓𝒚 + 𝒙 = 𝒚.
𝟐 𝟐
𝒅𝒙

11
Let’s Practice!

𝒅𝒚
Find if 𝟑𝒙 − 𝟓𝒚 + 𝒙 = 𝒚.
𝟐 𝟐
𝒅𝒙

𝒅𝒚 𝟔𝒙 + 𝟏
=
𝒅𝒙 𝟏𝟎𝒚 + 𝟏
12
Try It!

𝒅𝒚
Find if 𝟔𝒚 − 𝟐𝒙 + 𝟏𝟎𝒚 = 𝒙.
𝟐 𝟐
𝒅𝒙

13
Let’s Practice!

Differentiate
𝟑 𝟐
𝒚 + 𝟑𝒚 − 𝟒𝒙 + 𝟓𝒚 = 𝟏𝟐
with respect to 𝒙.

14
Let’s Practice!

Differentiate
𝒚𝟑 + 𝟑𝒚𝟐 − 𝟒𝒙 + 𝟓𝒚 = 𝟏𝟐 with
respect to 𝒙.
𝒅𝒚 𝟒
= 𝟐
𝒅𝒙 𝟑𝒚 + 𝟔𝒚 + 𝟓
15
Try It!

Differentiate
𝒚𝟒 − 𝟔𝒚𝟑 − 𝟑𝒙𝟐 + 𝟏𝟎𝒙 − 𝟐𝒚 = 𝟎
with respect to 𝒙.

16
Let’s Practice!

Find the derivative of


𝟑 𝟐 𝟐
𝒙 + 𝟑𝒙𝒚 − 𝟒𝒙 = 𝟓𝒙 𝒚 − 𝟏𝟐𝒚
with respect to 𝒙.

17
Let’s Practice!

Find the derivative of


𝒙𝟑 + 𝟑𝒙𝒚𝟐 − 𝟒𝒙 = 𝟓𝒙𝟐 𝒚 − 𝟏𝟐𝒚 with
respect to 𝒙.

𝒅𝒚 𝟏𝟎𝒙𝒚 − 𝟑𝒙𝟐 − 𝟑𝒚𝟐 + 𝟒


=
𝒅𝒙 𝟔𝒙𝒚 − 𝟓𝒙𝟐 + 𝟏𝟐
18
Try It!

Find the derivative of


𝟑 𝟒
𝒚 − 𝟐𝒙𝒚 − 𝟑𝒙𝒚 = 𝟕𝒚 + 𝟏𝟓𝒙
with respect to 𝒙.

19
Check Your Understanding

Find the derivative of the following equations


with respect to 𝒙.
1. 4𝑥 2 − 10𝑦 2 − 8𝑥𝑦 = 0
2. 3𝑥𝑦 + 5𝑥 3 𝑦 − 4𝑥 2 − 9𝑥 − 12𝑦 = 8
3. 2𝑦 𝑥𝑦 = 10 𝑦
4. (𝑥 2 + 𝑦)4 = 8𝑥𝑒 𝑦
5. 𝑒 sin 𝑦 + 𝑒 cos 𝑥 = sin(𝑥 + 𝑦)
20
Let’s Sum It Up!

𝑑𝑦
● Implicit differentiation is used to find
𝑑𝑥
if 𝑦 is an implicitly defined function of 𝑥.
o Step 1: Differentiate both sides of the
equation with respect to 𝑥. Use chain
rule in differentiating 𝑦.
𝑑𝑦
o Step 2: Isolate .
𝑑𝑥
21
Bibliography

Edwards, C.H., and David E. Penney. Calculus: Early Transcendentals. 7th ed. Upper Saddle River, New
Jersey: Pearson/Prentice Hall, 2008.

Larson, Ron H., and Bruce H. Edwards. Essential Calculus: Early Transcendental Functions. Boston:
Houghton Mifflin, 2008.

Leithold, Louis. The Calculus 7. New York: HarperCollins College Publ., 1997.

Smith, Robert T., and Roland B. Milton. Calculus. New York: McGraw Hill, 2012.

Tan, Soo T. Applied Calculus for the Managerial, Life, and Social Sciences: A Brief Approach. Australia:
Brooks/Cole Cengage Learning, 2012.

22

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