1.1 What are Operators in PHP?
As in any programming language, PHP also has operators which are symbols
(sometimes keywords) that are predefined to perform certain commonly
required operations on one or more operands.
For example, using the expression "4 + 5" is equal to 9. Here "4" and "5" are
called operands and "+" is called an operator.
We have the following types of operators in PHP −
Arithmetic Operators
Comparison Operators
Logical Operators
Assignment Operators
String Operators
Array Operators
Conditional (or Ternary Operators)
This chapter will provide an overview of how you can use these operators in
PHP. In the subsequent chapters, we will take a closer look at each of the
operators and how they work.
1.2 Arithmetic Operators in PHP
We use Arithmetic operators to perform mathematical operations like
addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, etc. on the given operands.
Arithmetic operators (excluding the increment and decrement operators)
always work on two operands, however the type of these operands should be
the same.
The following table highligts the arithmetic operators that are supported by
PHP. Assume variable "$a" holds 42 and variable "$b" holds 20 −
Operator Description
+ Adds two operands
- Subtracts second operand from the first
* Multiply both operands
/ Divide numerator by de-numerator
% Modulus Operator and remainder of after an integer division
++ Increment operator, increases integer value by one
-- Decrement operator, decreases integer value by one
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1.3 Comparison Operators in PHP
You would use Comparison operators to compare two operands and find the
relationship between them. They return a Boolean value (either true or false)
based on the outcome of the comparison.