SHS

TVL – ICT
ANIMATION NCII
Quarter 1 – Module 6:
Carry Out Mensuration and
Calculation
(Week 6)

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 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you
understand Animation. The scope of this module permits it to be used in many
different learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary
level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the
course.

The module will cover:

● Lesson 1 – Calculating Data Storage (Conversion and Calculations)

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. perform calculation needed to complete task using the four mathematical

fundamental operation (addition, subtraction, multiplication and division);
and
2. employ different techniques in checking accuracy of the computation.

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 What I Know
What’s In

In the previous module, you learned about the different components or materials
inside the Personal Computer (PC). You also learned about how to consider
specifications based on the user requirements in acquiring a PC and one of the vital
components is the storage device/s. The capacity of the PC to process information,
perform functions based on users’ line of work and its capacity to store large files.

In this module, you will learn how to calculate or convert file size when you download,
create, and or save files on your computer. Will storage affect our PC’s performance?
What will be your considerations before you download, create, save files, or even
install any software applications into your PC?

What’s New

Computer Storage

In the previous module, it was mentioned how most people in the animation industry
today have gone digital on media and rely on computers to store volume of data and
for tasks that need more speed and storage. Many computer programs and
applications such as coloring, video editing, and film making require more disk space
and faster computers. The capacity and speed of which your computer runs
programs or completes tasks is determined in great measure by the processor's speed
and data storage.

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 What is It

TECHNICAL TERMS

● byte - a unit of data that is equal to eight bits

● computer applications - a computer program used for a

particular type of job or problem

● data storage - a general term for archiving data in

electromagnetic or other forms for use
by a computer or device

● digital - recording or storing information as

series of the number 1 and 0 to show
that a signal is present or absent

● media - communication channels through

which news, entertainment, education,
data, or promotional messages are
disseminated

● byte - a unit of data that is equal to eight bits

Calculating Data Storage Capacity

Within a computer, information is represented and stored in a digital binary format.
The term bit is an abbreviation of binary digit and represents the smallest piece of
data. While a bit is the smallest representation of data, the most basic unit of digital
storage is the byte. A byte is 8 bits and is the smallest unit of measure (UOM) used
to represent data storage capacity.
A byte is one character of information and is equal to eight bits or eight digital 1's or
0's. It is the smallest unit of measurement used to represent storage capacity. Data
storage capacity is measured in terms of bytes, kilobytes, megabytes, gigabytes, and
terabytes.
When referring to storage space, we use the terms bytes (B), kilobytes (KB),
megabytes (MB), gigabytes (GB), and terabytes (TB).
One kilobyte is a little more than one thousand bytes, specifically 1,024. A megabyte
represents more than a million bytes or 1,048,576. A gigabyte is 1,073,741,824
bytes. A terabyte is 1,099,511,627,776. The exact number is gained by taking 2^n
power.

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 Table 1: Counting Bytes
A thousand bytes is known as kilobyte (KB) 1,000 Bytes = 1KB
A million bytes is known as a megabyte (MB) 1,000,000 Bytes = 1MB
A billion bytes is called a gigabyte (GB) 1,000,000,000 Bytes = 1GB
A trillion bytes is called a terabyte (TB) 1,000,000,000,000 Bytes =1TB

Other components and devices that use byte storage are RAM, hard disk space, CDs,
DVDs, and MP3 players. The table below is a list of standard units of measurement
used for data storage.
In general, when something is represented digitally, the greater the detail, the greater
the number of bits needed to represent it. A low-resolution picture from a digital
camera will use around 360KB, and a high-resolution picture could use 2 MB or
more.
Kilobytes, megabytes, gigabytes, and terabytes are typically used to measure the size
or storage capacity of a device. Examples of components and devices that use byte
storage include random access memory (RAM), hard disk drive space, CDs, DVDs,
and MP3 players.
CDs have a data storage capacity of approximately 700 MB. DVDs have a data storage
capacity of approximately 4.3 GB on a single-layer disc, and approximately 8.5 GB
on a dual-layer disc. BDs have a storage capacity of 25 GB on a single-layer disc,
and 50 GB on a dual-layer disc.
Table 2 : Standard units of measurement used for data storage
UNIT VALUE SIZE

bit (b) 0 or 1 1/8 of a byte

byte (B) 8 bits 1 byte
kilobyte (KB) 10001 bytes 1,000 bytes
megabyte (MB) 10002 bytes 1,000,000 bytes
gigabyte (GB) 10003 bytes 1,000,000,000 bytes
Terabyte (TB) 10004 bytes 1,000,000,000,000 bytes

For example:
1. Convert 100KB to B
Since there are 1,000B in 1 KB, simply multiply the given quantity 100KB by
1,000B.
Solution: 100KB = 100 (1,000B) = 100,000B
Answer: Therefore, there are 10,000B for every 100KB

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 2. Convert 5MB to GB
From the reference table, there is 1,000,000B for every MB.
5MB = 5,000,000B
For every gigabyte, there are 1
5,000,000B = 0.005MB
Therefore, for every 5MB, there is 0.005GB

3. Convert 0.5GB to KB
There are 1,000,000,000 B for every GB, 0.5GB
So 500,000,000B = 500,000KB
Therefore, there are 500,000KB for every 0.5GB

Employing Different Techniques in Checking the Accuracy of

Computation

Computer systems use many different units of measurements. The units of data
measurement were introduced to manage and operate digital information.
Computers store information in the form of 1 and 0 in different types of storage such
as memory, hard disk, and USB drives.

As discussed in the previous lesson, most animation studios rely on workstations

with vast amounts of processing power to render large digital information during the
production process.
For example, if a 4-minute animation film has 7,500 frames, then each frame has
approximately 150—200MB. To sum up, it equates to about1.5TB of data. It is
essential for animators to know the different techniques in measuring digital
information.

Units of Measure for Digital Information

Data Measurement Size

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 bit (b) single binary digit (1 or 0)
byte (B) 8 bits
kilobyte (KB) 1,024 bytes
megabyte (MB) 1,024 kilobytes
gigabyte (GB) 1,024 megabytes
terabyte (TB) 1,024 gigabytes
petabyte (PB) 1,024 terabytes
exabyte (EB) 1,024 petabytes

In digital information, MB and CB are often used to measure computer storage and
memory. For example, one unit of this book is about 1MB in size. 1MB is equivalent
to 1,024KB, or 1,048,576B. If all the books in a large library contain 1 TB of
information, then its equivalent is 1,024GB and this is roughly 1,610 CDs worth of
data.

Example:
1. The Portable Document Format (PDF) file size of the Animation Curriculum
Guide is 476KB. How many 476KB files can be stored in a Zip disc? (Zip disc
= 750MB)
1 KB = 1,024B
476KB x 1,024 = 487,424B
750MB x 1,048,576 = 786,432,000B of space
786,432,000/487,424 = 1,613.45
So, there are 1,613.45 files of 476KB files that can be stored in a Zip
disc.

2. How many 20KB files can be stored in a 1MB folder?

1KB = 1,024B
10 x 1,024 = 20,480B in a 20KB file
1MB = 1,048,576B
1,048,576 / 20,480 = 51.2
There are 51.2 files stored in a 1MB folder.

What’s More

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Conversion
Directions: Perform calculations needed by converting the indicated storage capacity
to its corresponding bytes. Please show your solutions. Use a separate sheet in
answering the test. Be sure to write the following:
Name: _______________________________ Grade and Section: ____________ Subject:
______________________________ Lesson Title: __________________

1. 24 MB = ___________ GB 6. ________ MB = 4GB

2. 1.5 KB = ___________ Byte 7. ________ GB = 2TB
3. 512 MB = ___________KB 8. ________ GB = 650 MB
4. 8GB = ___________ MB 9. ________TB = 2GB
5. 5 GB = ___________ TB 10. ________MB = 1024KB