Question ID 581be4a1

Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Equivalent Medium

expressions

ID: 581be4a1

Which of the following expressions is equivalent to ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 581be4a1 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. Since is a common factor of each term in the given expression, the expression can be rewritten as
.

Choice A is incorrect. This expression is equivalent to .

Choice B is incorrect. This expression is equivalent to .

Choice C is incorrect. This expression is equivalent to .

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 2b7d8635
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Nonlinear equations Hard

in one variable and
systems of
equations in two
variables

ID: 2b7d8635

In the given system of equations, is a positive constant. The system has exactly one distinct real solution. What
is the value of ?

ID: 2b7d8635 Answer

Correct Answer: 14.5, 29/2

Rationale

The correct answer is . According to the first equation in the given system, the value of is . Substituting for in the
second equation in the given system yields . Adding to both sides of this equation yields
. If the given system has exactly one distinct real solution, it follows that has
exactly one distinct real solution. A quadratic equation in the form , where , , and are constants, has exactly
one distinct real solution if and only if the discriminant, , is equal to . The equation is in this
form, where , , and . Therefore, the discriminant of the equation is
, or . Setting the discriminant equal to to solve for yields . Adding to both sides
of this equation yields . Dividing both sides of this equation by yields , or . Therefore, if the given system
of equations has exactly one distinct real solution, the value of is . Note that 29/2 and 14.5 are examples of ways to enter a
correct answer.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 1ba110f2
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Nonlinear functions Hard

ID: 1ba110f2

The function models the population, in thousands, of a certain city years after . According to the model,
the population is predicted to increase by every months. What is the value of ?
A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 1ba110f2 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It’s given that the function models the population, in thousands, of a certain city years after . The value
of the base of the given exponential function, , corresponds to an increase of for every increase of in the exponent, .
If the exponent is equal to , then . Multiplying both sides of this equation by yields . If the exponent is equal
to , then . Multiplying both sides of this equation by yields , or . Therefore, the population is predicted
to increase by every of a year. It’s given that the population is predicted to increase by every months. Since there are
months in a year, of a year is equivalent to , or , months. Therefore, the value of is .

Choice B is incorrect. This is the number of months in which the population is predicted to increase by according to the model
, not .

Choice C is incorrect. This is the number of months in which the population is predicted to increase by according to the model
, not .

Choice D is incorrect. This is the number of months in which the population is predicted to increase by according to the model
, not .

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 59cf1dd3
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Nonlinear equations Hard

in one variable and
systems of
equations in two
variables

ID: 59cf1dd3

How many distinct real solutions does the given equation have?

A. Exactly one

B. Exactly two

C. Infinitely many

D. Zero

ID: 59cf1dd3 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. Any quantity that is positive or negative in value has a positive value when squared. Therefore, the left-hand
side of the given equation is either positive or zero for any value of . Since the right-hand side of the given equation is negative,
there is no value of for which the given equation is true. Thus, the number of distinct real solutions for the given equation is zero.

Choices A, B, and C are incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 33cc7555
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Nonlinear equations Hard

in one variable and
systems of
equations in two
variables

ID: 33cc7555

What is the positive solution to the given equation?

ID: 33cc7555 Answer

Correct Answer: 9

Rationale

The correct answer is . The given equation can be rewritten as . Dividing each side of this equation by yields
. By the definition of absolute value, if , then or . Subtracting from each side of
the equation yields . Dividing each side of this equation by yields . Similarly, subtracting from
each side of the equation yields . Dividing each side of this equation by yields . Therefore, since
the two solutions to the given equation are and , the positive solution to the given equation is .

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID baa012ad
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Nonlinear equations Medium

in one variable and
systems of
equations in two
variables

ID: baa012ad

The given equation relates the positive numbers , , and . Which equation correctly gives in terms of and
?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: baa012ad Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. It's given that the equation relates the positive numbers , , and . Dividing both sides of
the given equation by yields . Subtracting from both sides of this equation yields , or . It
follows that the equation correctly gives in terms of and .

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID a4b12e2f
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Nonlinear equations Hard

in one variable and
systems of
equations in two
variables

ID: a4b12e2f

In the given equation, is a constant. The equation has exactly one solution. What is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: a4b12e2f Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. It's given that the equation has exactly one solution. A quadratic equation of the form
has exactly one solution if and only if its discriminant, , is equal to zero. It follows that for the given
equation, and . Substituting for and for into yields , or . Since the
discriminant must equal zero, . Subtracting from both sides of this equation yields . Dividing each
side of this equation by yields . Therefore, the value of is .

Choice A is incorrect. If the value of is , this would yield a discriminant that is greater than zero. Therefore, the given equation
would have two solutions, rather than exactly one solution.

Choice B is incorrect. If the value of is , this would yield a discriminant that is greater than zero. Therefore, the given equation
would have two solutions, rather than exactly one solution.

Choice D is incorrect. If the value of is , this would yield a discriminant that is less than zero. Therefore, the given equation
would have no real solutions, rather than exactly one solution.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID e7696b61
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Nonlinear functions Medium

ID: e7696b61

For the quadratic function , the table shows three values of and their corresponding values of . Which
equation defines ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: e7696b61 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. The equation of a quadratic function can be written in the form , where , , and are
constants. It’s given in the table that when , the corresponding value of is . Substituting for and for
in the equation gives , which is equivalent to , or
. It’s given in the table that when , the corresponding value of is . Substituting for and
for in the equation gives , or . It’s given in the table that when
, the corresponding value of is . Substituting for and for in the equation gives
, which is equivalent to , or . Adding
to the equation gives . Dividing both sides of this
equation by gives . Since , substituting for into the equation
gives . Subtracting from both sides of this equation gives . Substituting for in the equations
and gives and , respectively. Since ,
substituting for in the equation gives , or . Subtracting
from both sides of this equation gives . Dividing both sides of this equation by gives . Substituting for
into the equation gives , or . Subtracting from both sides of this equation gives
. Substituting for , for , and for in the equation gives ,
which is equivalent to , or . Therefore, defines .

Choice A is incorrect. If , then when , the corresponding value of is , not .

Choice B is incorrect. If , then when , the corresponding value of is , not .

Choice C is incorrect. If , then when , the corresponding value of is , not , and when
, the corresponding value of is , not .

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 3a7aa34d
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Equivalent Medium

expressions

ID: 3a7aa34d

Which expression is equivalent to , where ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 3a7aa34d Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. Since , multiplying the exponent of the given expression by yields an equivalent expression:
. Since , the expression can be rewritten as . Applying properties of exponents,
this expression can be rewritten as . An expression of the form , where and , is equivalent to .
Therefore, is equivalent to .

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID aefae524
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Nonlinear functions Hard

ID: aefae524

The function models the population, in thousands, of a certain city years after . According to the model,
the population is predicted to increase by every months. What is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: aefae524 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. It's given that the function models the population of the city years after . Since there are months in
a year, months is equivalent to years. Therefore, the expression can represent the number of years in -month
periods. Substituting for in the given equation yields , which is equivalent to
. Therefore, for each -month period, the predicted population of the city is times, or of, the
previous population. This means that the population is predicted to increase by every months.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect. Each year, the predicted population of the city is times the previous year's predicted population, which is
not the same as an increase of .

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 0f0a515f
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Nonlinear functions Medium

ID: 0f0a515f

The function is defined by . What is the value of when is equal to ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 0f0a515f Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It's given that . Substituting for in this equation yields . Dividing each side of
this equation by yields . Taking the cube root of each side of this equation yields . Therefore, when is equal to
, the value of is .

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 9f13fad1
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Nonlinear equations Hard

in one variable and
systems of
equations in two
variables

ID: 9f13fad1

In the given equation, is a constant. The equation has exactly one solution. What is the value of ?

ID: 9f13fad1 Answer

Correct Answer: -1

Rationale

The correct answer is . A quadratic equation in the form , where , , and are constants, has exactly one
solution when its discriminant, , is equal to . In the given equation, , and .
Substituting for and for in yields , or . Since the given equation has exactly
one solution, . Subtracting from both sides of this equation yields . Dividing both sides of this
equation by yields . Therefore, the value of is .

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 25683f71
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Nonlinear functions Medium

ID: 25683f71

What is the minimum value of the given function?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 25683f71 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. For a quadratic function defined by an equation of the form , where , , and are
constants and , the minimum value of the function is . In the given function, , , and . Therefore, the
minimum value of the given function is .

Choice A is incorrect. This is the value of for which the given function reaches its minimum value, not the minimum value of the
function.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID a351b98d
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Equivalent Medium

expressions

ID: a351b98d

The expression is equivalent to , where b is a constant and . What is the value of b?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: a351b98d Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. Since the given expressions are equivalent and the numerator of the second expression is of the numerator
of the first expression, the denominator of the second expression must also be of the denominator of the first expression. By the
distributive property, is equivalent to , or . Therefore, the value of is .

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID b2e26a55
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Nonlinear equations Hard

in one variable and
systems of
equations in two
variables

ID: b2e26a55

In the xy-plane, the graph of the equation intersects the line at exactly one point.
What is the value of ?
A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: b2e26a55 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. In the xy-plane, the graph of the line is a horizontal line that crosses the y-axis at and the graph of
the quadratic equation is a parabola. A parabola can intersect a horizontal line at exactly one point only at
its vertex. Therefore, the value of should be equal to the y-coordinate of the vertex of the graph of the given equation. For a
quadratic equation in vertex form, , the vertex of its graph in the xy-plane is . The given quadratic
equation, , can be rewritten as , or

. Thus, the value of is equal to .

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 032caee7
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Nonlinear equations Hard

in one variable and
systems of
equations in two
variables

ID: 032caee7

In the given equation, is a constant. The equation has no real solutions if . What is the least possible value
of ?

ID: 032caee7 Answer

Correct Answer: 289

Rationale

The correct answer is . A quadratic equation of the form , where , , and are constants, has no real
solutions when the value of the discriminant, , is less than . In the given equation, , and
. Therefore, the discriminant of the given equation can be expressed as , or . It follows that
the given equation has no real solutions when . Adding to both sides of this inequality yields .
Dividing both sides of this inequality by yields , or . It's given that the equation has no real
solutions when . Therefore, the least possible value of is .

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 49de5e98
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Nonlinear functions Hard

ID: 49de5e98

The given equation defines the function . For what value of does reach its minimum?

ID: 49de5e98 Answer

Correct Answer: 25/4, 6.25

Rationale

The correct answer is . The given equation can be rewritten in the form , where , , and are
constants. When , is the value of for which reaches its minimum. The given equation can be rewritten as
, which is equivalent to . This equation can be

rewritten as , or , which is equivalent to

. Therefore, , so the value of for which reaches its minimum is . Note that 25/4 and
6.25 are examples of ways to enter a correct answer.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 5883daba
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Equivalent Medium

expressions

ID: 5883daba

Which expression is equivalent to ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 5883daba Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. The given expression is equivalent to , or . Combining like terms in

this expression yields .

Choice A is incorrect. This expression is equivalent to , not .

Choice C is incorrect. This expression is equivalent to , not .

Choice D is incorrect. This expression is equivalent to , not .

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 5513928b
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Nonlinear functions Medium

ID: 5513928b

The product of two positive integers is . If the first integer is greater than twice the second integer, what is
the smaller of the two integers?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 5513928b Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. Let be the first integer and let be the second integer. If the first integer is greater than twice the second
integer, then . If the product of the two integers is , then . Substituting for in this equation
results in . Distributing the to both terms in the parentheses results in . Subtracting
from both sides of this equation results in . The left-hand side of this equation can be factored by finding
two values whose product is , or , and whose sum is . The two values whose product is and whose
sum is are and . Thus, the equation can be rewritten as , which is
equivalent to , or . By the zero product property, it follows that
and . Subtracting from both sides of the equation yields . Dividing both sides
of this equation by yields . Since is a positive integer, the value of is not . Adding to both sides of the
equation yields . Substituting for in the equation yields . Dividing both sides of
this equation by results in . Therefore, the two integers are and , so the smaller of the two integers is .

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect. This is the larger of the two integers.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 5e98384e
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Nonlinear functions Hard

ID: 5e98384e

The function is defined by . In the xy-plane, the graph of is the result

of translating the graph of up units. What is the value of ?

ID: 5e98384e Answer

Correct Answer: 76

Rationale

The correct answer is . It's given that the graph of is the result of translating the graph of up units in the
xy-plane. It follows that the graph of is the same as the graph of . Substituting for in the equation
yields . It's given that . Substituting for
in the equation yields . Substituting for in this equation yields
, or . Thus, the value of is .

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID c56a9f57
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Nonlinear functions Hard

ID: c56a9f57

The first term of a sequence is . Each term after the first is times the preceding term. If represents the th
term of the sequence, which equation gives in terms of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: c56a9f57 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. Since represents the th term of the sequence and is the first term of the sequence, the value of is
when the value of is . Since each term after the first is times the preceding term, the value of is when the value of is
. Therefore, the value of is , or , when the value of is . More generally, the value of is for a given
value of . Therefore, the equation gives in terms of .

Choice A is incorrect. This equation describes a sequence for which the first term is , rather than , and each term after the first
is , rather than , times the preceding term.

Choice B is incorrect. This equation describes a sequence for which the first term is , rather than , and each term after the first is
, rather than , times the preceding term.

Choice C is incorrect. This equation describes a sequence for which the first term is , rather than .

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 14787dca
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Nonlinear equations Hard

in one variable and
systems of
equations in two
variables

ID: 14787dca

Which of the following are solutions to the given equation, where is a constant and ?
I.
II.
III.

A. I and II only

B. I and III only

C. II and III only

D. I, II, and III

ID: 14787dca Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. Subtracting the expression from both sides of the given equation yields
, which can be rewritten as . Since the two terms on
the right-hand side of this equation have a common factor of , it can be rewritten as , or
. Since is equivalent to , the equation can be
rewritten as . By the zero product property, it follows that or . Adding
to both sides of the equation yields . Adding to both sides of the equation yields
. Therefore, the two solutions to the given equation are and . Thus, only and , not , are solutions to
the given equation.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 2f88a547
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Nonlinear functions Hard

ID: 2f88a547

At the time that an article was first featured on the home page of a news website, there were comments on the
article. An exponential model estimates that at the end of each hour after the article was first featured on the home
page, the number of comments on the article had increased by of the number of comments on the article at
the end of the previous hour. Which of the following equations best represents this model, where is the
estimated number of comments on the article hours after the article was first featured on the home page and
?
A. msup

B. msup

C. msup

D. msup

ID: 2f88a547 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. It's given that an exponential model estimates that the number of comments on an article increased by a fixed
percentage at the end of each hour. Therefore, the model can be represented by an exponential equation of the form ,
where is the estimated number of comments on the article hours after the article was first featured on the home page and
and are constants. It's also given that when the article was first featured on the home page of the news website, there were
comments on the article. This means that when , . Substituting for and for in the equation yields
, or . It's also given that the number of comments on the article at the end of an hour had increased by of
the number of comments on the article at the end of the previous hour. Multiplying the percent increase by the number of
comments on the article at the end of the previous hour yields the number of estimated additional comments the article has on its
home page: , or comments. Thus, the estimated number of comments for the following hour is the sum of the
comments from the end of the previous hour and the number of additional comments, which is , or . This means that
when , . Substituting for , for , and for in the equation yields , or .
Dividing both sides of this equation by yields . Substituting for and for in the equation yields
. Thus, the equation that best represents this model is .

Choice A is incorrect. This model represents a situation where the number of comments at the end of each hour increased by
of the number of comments at the end of the previous hour, rather than .

Choice B is incorrect. This model represents a situation where the number of comments at the end of each hour increased by
of the number of comments at the end of the previous hour, rather than .

Choice C is incorrect. This model represents a situation where the number of comments at the end of each hour was times the
number of comments at the end of the previous hour, rather than increasing by of the number of comments at the end of the
previous hour.
Question Difficulty: Hard
Question ID f42cbe82
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Nonlinear functions Medium

ID: f42cbe82

The function models the intensity of an X-ray beam, in number of particles in the X-ray beam, millimeters below
the surface of a sample of iron. According to the model, what is the estimated number of particles in the X-ray
beam when it is at the surface of the sample of iron?
A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: f42cbe82 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It's given that the function models the intensity of an X-ray beam, in number of particles in the X-ray beam,
millimeters below the surface of a sample of iron. When the X-ray beam is at the surface of the sample of iron, it is millimeters
below the surface, so the value of is . Substituting for in the function yields . Since
any positive number raised to the power of is equal to , it follows that , or . Therefore, the estimated
number of particles in the X-ray beam at the surface of the sample of iron is .

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID d93eac68
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Nonlinear functions Hard

ID: d93eac68

Function is defined by , where and are constants. In the xy-plane, the graph of
has a y-intercept at . The product of and is . What is the value of ?

ID: d93eac68 Answer

Correct Answer: 5

Rationale

The correct answer is . It’s given that . Substituting for in the equation yields
. It’s given that the y-intercept of the graph of is . Substituting for and for
in the equation yields , which is equivalent to , or
. Adding to both sides of this equation yields . It’s given that the product of and is , or .
Substituting for in this equation yields . Dividing both sides of this equation by yields .

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID ebf50998
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Nonlinear functions Hard

ID: ebf50998

Function is defined by . Function is defined by . The graph

of in the xy-plane has x-intercepts at , , and , where , , and are distinct constants.
What is the value of ?
A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: ebf50998 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. It's given that . Since , it follows that

. Combining like terms yields . Therefore,
. The x-intercepts of a graph in the xy-plane are the points where . The x-coordinates of the x-
intercepts of the graph of in the xy-plane can be found by solving the equation . Applying the zero
product property to this equation yields three equations: , , and . Solving each of these equations for
yields , , and , respectively. Therefore, the x-intercepts of the graph of are , , and
. It follows that the values of , , and are , , and . Thus, the value of is , which is
equal to .

Choice A is incorrect. This is the value of if .

Choice C is incorrect. This is the value of if .

Choice D is incorrect. This is the value of if .

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 7189ece4
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Nonlinear functions Hard

ID: 7189ece4

For the exponential function , the value of is , where is a constant. Which of the following equivalent
forms of the function shows the value of as the coefficient or the base?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 7189ece4 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. For the form of the function in choice C, , the value of can be found as ,
which is equivalent to , or . Therefore, , which is shown in as the coefficient.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID ca44c7ce
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Nonlinear functions Hard

ID: ca44c7ce

The function is defined by the given equation. For which of the following values of does ?
A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: ca44c7ce Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. The value of for which can be found by substituting for and for in the given equation,
, which yields . For this equation to be true, either or . Adding
to both sides of the equation yields . Dividing both sides of this equation by yields . To
check whether is the value of , substituting for in the equation yields ,
which is equivalent to , or , which isn't a true statement. Therefore, isn't the value of . Adding
to both sides of the equation yields . Dividing both sides of this equation by yields . To check
whether is the value of , substituting for in the equation yields , which is
equivalent to , or , which is a true statement. Therefore, the value of for which is .

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 4f5ff634
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Nonlinear functions Easy

ID: 4f5ff634

What is the y-intercept of the graph shown?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 4f5ff634 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. The y-intercept of a graph in the xy-plane is the point at which the graph crosses the y-axis. The graph shown
crosses the y-axis at the point . Therefore, the y-intercept of the graph shown is .

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 409b7ab8
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Nonlinear equations Hard

in one variable and
systems of
equations in two
variables

ID: 409b7ab8

If the given equations are graphed in the xy-plane, at how many points do the graphs of the equations intersect?
A. Exactly one

B. Exactly two

C. Infinitely many

D. Zero

ID: 409b7ab8 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. A point is a solution to a system of equations if it lies on the graphs of both equations in the xy-plane. In
other words, a solution to a system of equations is a point at which the graphs intersect. It’s given that the first equation is
. Substituting for in the second equation yields . Subtracting from each side of this
equation yields . Dividing each side of this equation by yields . Since the square of a real
number is at least , this equation can't have any real solutions. Therefore, the graphs of the equations intersect at zero points.

Alternate approach: The graph of the second equation is a parabola that opens downward and has a vertex at . Therefore,
the maximum value of this parabola occurs when . The graph of the first equation is a horizontal line at on the y-axis, or
. Since is greater than , or the horizontal line is above the vertex of the parabola, the graphs of these equations
intersect at zero points.

Choice A is incorrect. The graph of , not , and the graph of the second equation intersect at exactly one point.

Choice B is incorrect. The graph of any horizontal line such that the value of is less than , not greater than , and the graph of
the second equation intersect at exactly two points.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 60758fea
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Nonlinear functions Medium

ID: 60758fea

The function is defined by . What is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 60758fea Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. It’s given that function is defined by the equation . The value of is the value of
when . Substituting for in the given equation yields , which is equivalent to , or
.

Choice A is incorrect. This is the value of when , rather than .

Choice B is incorrect. This is the value of when , rather than .

Choice D is incorrect. This is the value of when , rather than .

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 7cfe6c55
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Equivalent Easy

expressions

ID: 7cfe6c55

Which expression is equivalent to ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 7cfe6c55 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. The given expression can be rewritten as . Adding and in this expression yields .

Choice A is incorrect. This expression is equivalent to .

Choice C is incorrect. This expression is equivalent to .

Choice D is incorrect. This expression is equivalent to .

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 3aaf7740
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Nonlinear functions Medium

ID: 3aaf7740

Time (years) Total amount (dollars)

Sara opened a savings account at a bank. The table shows the exponential relationship between the time , in
years, since Sara opened the account and the total amount , in dollars, in the account. If Sara made no additional
deposits or withdrawals, which of the following equations best represents the relationship between and ?
A. msup

B. msup

C. msup

D. msup

ID: 3aaf7740 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. It’s given that the relationship between and is exponential. The table shows that the value of increases as
the value of increases. Therefore, the relationship between and can be represented by an increasing exponential equation of
the form , where and are positive constants. The table shows that when , . Substituting for and
for in the equation yields , which is equivalent to , or . Substituting
for in the equation yields . The table also shows that when , . Substituting
for and for in the equation yields , or . Dividing both
sides of this equation by yields . Subtracting from both sides of this equation yields . Substituting
for in the equation yields . Therefore, of the choices, choice B best represents the
relationship between and .

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 5b955063
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Nonlinear functions Hard

ID: 5b955063

A rectangle has an area of square inches. The length of the rectangle is inches less than times the width of
the rectangle. What is the width of the rectangle, in inches?

ID: 5b955063 Answer

Correct Answer: 5

Rationale

The correct answer is . Let represent the width, in inches, of the rectangle. It's given that the length of the rectangle is inches
less than times its width, or inches. The area of a rectangle is equal to its width multiplied by its length. Multiplying the
width, inches, by the length, inches, yields square inches. It’s given that the rectangle has an area of
square inches, so it follows that , or . Subtracting from both sides of this equation yields
. Factoring the left-hand side of this equation yields . Applying the zero product
property to this equation yields two solutions: and . Since is the rectangle’s width, in inches, which must be
positive, the value of is . Therefore, the width of the rectangle, in inches, is .

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 9b0ca0dc
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Equivalent Easy

expressions

ID: 9b0ca0dc

Which expression is equivalent to ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 9b0ca0dc Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. Since each term of the given expression has a factor of , it can be rewritten as , or
.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 27b93ec4
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Equivalent Medium

expressions

ID: 27b93ec4

Which expression is equivalent to ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 27b93ec4 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. The expression can be written as , which is equivalent to

. Distributing and to yields , or . The
expression is equivalent to . Distributing and to yields , or
. Therefore, the expression is equivalent to , or
. Combining like terms in this expression yields .

Choice A is incorrect. Equivalent expressions must be equivalent for any value of . Substituting for in this expression yields
, whereas substituting for in the given expression yields .

Choice C is incorrect. Equivalent expressions must be equivalent for any value of . Substituting for in this expression yields
, whereas substituting for in the given expression yields .

Choice D is incorrect. Equivalent expressions must be equivalent for any value of . Substituting for in this expression yields
, whereas substituting for in the given expression yields .

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 28a57ae5
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Nonlinear functions Medium

ID: 28a57ae5

An object was launched upward from a platform. The graph shown models the height above ground, , in meters,
of the object seconds after it was launched. For which of the following intervals of time was the height of the
object increasing for the entire interval?
A. From to

B. From to

C. From to

D. From to

ID: 28a57ae5 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It's given that the variable represents the height, in meters, of the object above the ground. The graph shows
that the height of the object was increasing from to , and decreasing from to . Therefore, the height of
the object was increasing for the entire interval of time from to .

Choice B is incorrect. The height of the object wasn't increasing for this entire interval of time, as it was decreasing from to
.

Choice C is incorrect. The height of the object was decreasing, not increasing, for this entire interval of time.
Choice D is incorrect. The height of the object was decreasing, not increasing, for this entire interval of time.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 089483cd
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Nonlinear functions Easy

ID: 089483cd

The graph of the polynomial function , where , is shown. The y-intercept of the graph is . What is
the value of ?

ID: 089483cd Answer

Correct Answer: -3

Rationale

The correct answer is . The y-intercept of the graph of a function in the xy-plane is the point where the graph crosses the y-axis.
The graph of the polynomial function shown crosses the y-axis at the point . It's given that the y-intercept of the graph is
. Thus, the value of is .

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 2e4d4640
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Nonlinear equations Easy

in one variable and
systems of
equations in two
variables

ID: 2e4d4640

The given equation relates the variables , , and . Which equation correctly expresses in terms of and ?
A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 2e4d4640 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. Subtracting from both sides of the given equation yields . Dividing both sides of this equation by
yields . Therefore, the equation correctly expresses in terms of and .

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID a4ac7f91
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Nonlinear functions Easy

ID: a4ac7f91

The function is defined by . For what value of does ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: a4ac7f91 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. It's given that . Substituting for in this equation yields . Dividing both sides of
this equation by yields . This can be rewritten as . Squaring both sides of this equation yields . Therefore,
the value of for which is .

Choice A is incorrect. If , , not .

Choice B is incorrect. If , , not .

Choice D is incorrect. If , , which is equivalent to , not .

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 99b8a5c8
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Nonlinear functions Hard

ID: 99b8a5c8

In the given quadratic function, and are constants. The graph of in the xy-plane is a parabola that
opens upward and has a vertex at the point , where and are constants. If and ,
which of the following must be true?
I.
II.

A. I only

B. II only

C. I and II

D. Neither I nor II

ID: 99b8a5c8 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. It's given that the graph of in the xy-plane is a parabola with vertex . If , then for
the graph of , the point with an x-coordinate of and the point with an x-coordinate of have the same y-coordinate. In
the xy-plane, a parabola is a symmetric graph such that when two points have the same y-coordinate, these points are equidistant
from the vertex, and the x-coordinate of the vertex is halfway between the x-coordinates of these two points. Therefore, for the
graph of , the points with x-coordinates and are equidistant from the vertex, , and is halfway between
and . The value that is halfway between and is , or . Therefore, . The equation defining can also be
written in vertex form, . Substituting for in this equation yields , or
. This equation is equivalent to , or . Since
, it follows that and . Dividing both sides of the equation by yields , or
. Since , it's not true that . Therefore, statement II isn't true. Substituting for in the equation
yields , or . Subtracting from both sides of this equation yields . If , then , or
. Since could be any value less than , it's not necessarily true that . Therefore, statement I isn't necessarily true. Thus,
neither I nor II must be true.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 0106a3a1
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Nonlinear equations Medium

in one variable and
systems of
equations in two
variables

ID: 0106a3a1

How many distinct real solutions does the given equation have?
A. Exactly one

B. Exactly two

C. Infinitely many

D. Zero

ID: 0106a3a1 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. Since the square of a real number is never negative, the given equation isn't true for any real value of .
Therefore, the given equation has zero distinct real solutions.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID b9dc1baa
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Nonlinear functions Medium

ID: b9dc1baa

The function gives the number of bacteria in a population minutes after an initial
observation. How much time, in minutes, does it take for the number of bacteria in the population to double?

ID: b9dc1baa Answer

Correct Answer: 410

Rationale

The correct answer is . It's given that minutes after an initial observation, the number of bacteria in a population is
. This expression consists of the initial number of bacteria, , multiplied by the expression . The time it
takes for the number of bacteria to double is the increase in the value of that causes the expression to double. Since the
base of the expression is , the expression will double when the exponent increases by . Since the exponent of the
expression is , the exponent will increase by when increases by . Therefore the time, in minutes, it takes for the
number of bacteria in the population to double is .

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 8f89f154
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Nonlinear equations Medium

in one variable and
systems of
equations in two
variables

ID: 8f89f154

If , what is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 8f89f154 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. Dividing each side of the given equation by yields . Squaring both sides of this equation yields
. Multiplying each side of this equation by yields . Therefore, the value of is .

Choice A is incorrect. This is the value of , not .

Choice C is incorrect. This is the value of , not .

Choice D is incorrect. This is the value of , not .

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID ab245384
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Equivalent Hard

expressions

ID: ab245384

If , what is the value of ?

ID: ab245384 Answer

Correct Answer: .2916, .2917, 7/24

Rationale

The correct answer is . An expression of the form , where and are integers greater than and , is equivalent to
. Therefore, the expression on the right-hand side of the given equation, , is equivalent to . Thus, . It follows
that . Dividing both sides of this equation by yields . Note that 7/24, .2916, .2917, 0.219, and 0.292 are examples
of ways to enter a correct answer.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 98f7ab7a
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Nonlinear functions Hard

ID: 98f7ab7a

Function is defined by , where and are constants. In the xy-plane, the graph of
has a y-intercept at . The product of and is . What is the value of ?

ID: 98f7ab7a Answer

Correct Answer: 20

Rationale

The correct answer is . It’s given that . Substituting for in the equation yields
. It’s given that the y-intercept of the graph of is . Substituting for and for
in the equation yields , which is equivalent to , or
. Adding to both sides of this equation yields . It’s given that the product of and is , or .
Substituting for in this equation yields . Dividing both sides of this equation by yields .

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID e7f2ab9c
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Nonlinear equations Hard

in one variable and
systems of
equations in two
variables

ID: e7f2ab9c

In the given equation, and are positive constants. The product of the solutions to the given equation is ,
where is a constant. What is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: e7f2ab9c Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. The left-hand side of the given equation is the expression . Applying the distributive
property to this expression yields . Since the first two terms of this expression have a common factor of
and the last two terms of this expression have a common factor of , this expression can be rewritten as
. Since the two terms of this expression have a common factor of , it can be rewritten as
. Therefore, the given equation can be rewritten as . By the zero product property, it
follows that or . Subtracting from both sides of the equation yields . Subtracting
from both sides of the equation yields . Dividing both sides of this equation by yields .
Therefore, the solutions to the given equation are and . It follows that the product of the solutions of the given equation is
, or . It’s given that the product of the solutions of the given equation is . It follows that , which can also
be written as . It’s given that and are positive constants. Therefore, dividing both sides of the equation
by yields . Thus, the value of is .

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 06ee10bb
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Nonlinear functions Medium

ID: 06ee10bb

A company opens an account with an initial balance of . The account earns interest, and no additional
deposits or withdrawals are made. The account balance is given by an exponential function , where is the
account balance, in dollars, years after the account is opened. The account balance after years is .
Which equation could define ?
A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 06ee10bb Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. Since it's given that the account balance, , in dollars, after years can be modeled by an exponential
function, it follows that function can be written in the form , where is the initial value of the function and is a
constant related to the growth of the function. It's given that the initial balance of the account is , so it follows that the
initial value of the function, or , must be . Substituting for in the equation yields
. It's given that the account balance after years, or when , is . It follows that
, or . Dividing each side of the equation by
yields . Taking the th root of both sides of this equation yields , or is approximately
equal to . Substituting for in the equation yields , so the equation
could define .

Choice B is incorrect. Substituting for in this function indicates an initial balance of , rather than .

Choice C is incorrect. Substituting for in this function indicates an initial balance of , rather than .
Additionally, this function indicates the account balance is decreasing, rather than increasing, over time.

Choice D is incorrect. This function indicates the account balance is decreasing, rather than increasing, over time.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 06fac60b
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Nonlinear functions Hard

ID: 06fac60b

The function gives the value, in dollars, of a certain piece of equipment after months of use. If the value of the
equipment decreases each year by of its value the preceding year, what is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 06fac60b Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. For a function of the form , where , , and are constants and , the value of
decreases by for every increase of by . In the given function, , , and . Therefore, for
the given function, the value of decreases by , or , for every increase of by . Since represents
the value, in dollars, of the equipment after months of use, it follows that the value of the equipment decreases every months
by of its value the preceding months. Since there are months in a year, the value of the equipment decreases each year
by of its value the preceding year. Thus, the value of is .

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID e9fc3093
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Nonlinear functions Medium

ID: e9fc3093

An object is kicked from a platform. The equation represents this situation, where is the
height of the object above the ground, in meters, seconds after it is kicked. Which number represents the height,
in meters, from which the object was kicked?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: e9fc3093 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. It’s given that the equation represents this situation, where is the height, in meters, of
the object seconds after it is kicked. It follows that the height, in meters, from which the object was kicked is the value of when
. Substituting for in the equation yields , or . Therefore, the
object was kicked from a height of meters.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 2aaaec85
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Nonlinear equations Hard

in one variable and
systems of
equations in two
variables

ID: 2aaaec85

In the given equation, is a positive integer. The equation has no real solution. What is the greatest possible value
of ?

ID: 2aaaec85 Answer

Correct Answer: 51

Rationale

The correct answer is . A quadratic equation of the form , where , , and are constants, has no real solution
if and only if its discriminant, , is negative. In the given equation, and . Substituting for and
for in this expression yields a discriminant of , or . Since this value must be negative,
, or . Taking the positive square root of each side of this inequality yields . Since is a positive
integer, and the greatest integer less than is , the greatest possible value of is .

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID da9efa2f
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Nonlinear functions Hard

ID: da9efa2f

The function is defined by the given equation. For what value of does reach its minimum?
A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: da9efa2f Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. It's given that , which can be rewritten as . Since the
coefficient of the -term is positive, the graph of in the xy-plane opens upward and reaches its minimum value at its
vertex. The x-coordinate of the vertex is the value of such that reaches its minimum. For an equation in the form
, where , , and are constants, the x-coordinate of the vertex is . For the equation
, , , and . It follows that the x-coordinate of the vertex is , or . Therefore,
reaches its minimum when the value of is .

Alternate approach: The value of for the vertex of a parabola is the x-value of the midpoint between the two x-intercepts of the
parabola. Since it’s given that , it follows that the two x-intercepts of the graph of in the xy-
plane occur when and , or at the points and . The midpoint between two points, and
, is . Therefore, the midpoint between and is , or . It follows
that reaches its minimum when the value of is .

Choice A is incorrect. This is the y-coordinate of the y-intercept of the graph of in the xy-plane.

Choice B is incorrect. This is one of the x-coordinates of the x-intercepts of the graph of in the xy-plane.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 033e2be3
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Nonlinear functions Hard

ID: 033e2be3

The functions and are defined by the given equations.

If , where is a constant, what is the value of ?

ID: 033e2be3 Answer

Correct Answer: -4.9, -49/10

Rationale

The correct answer is . The value of is the value of when . Substituting for in the equation
yields , or , which is equivalent to
, or . Since it's given that , it follows that and the value of is the value of
. Substituting for in the equation yields , or ,
which is equivalent to , or . Note that -4.9 and -49/10 are examples of ways to enter a correct
answer.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID f8a698f7
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Equivalent Medium

expressions

ID: f8a698f7

The given expression is equivalent to , where is a constant. What is the value of ?

ID: f8a698f7 Answer

Correct Answer: 9

Rationale

The correct answer is . The given expression can be rewritten as . By applying the distributive
property, this expression can be rewritten as , which is equivalent to .
Adding like terms in this expression yields . Since it's given that is equivalent to , it
follows that is equivalent to . Therefore, the coefficients of in these two expressions must be equivalent,
and the value of must be .

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 17f72638
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Nonlinear functions Medium

ID: 17f72638

A rectangle has a length that is times its width. The function represents this situation, where
is the area, in square feet, of the rectangle and . Which of the following is the best interpretation of in
this context?

A. The length of the rectangle, in feet

B. The area of the rectangle, in square feet

C. The difference between the length and the width of the rectangle, in feet

D. The width of the rectangle, in feet

ID: 17f72638 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It's given that a rectangle has a length that is times its width. It's also given that the function
represents this situation, where is the area, in square feet, of the rectangle and . The area of a rectangle can be calculated
by multiplying the rectangle's length by its width. Since the rectangle has a length that is times its width, it follows that
represents the width of the rectangle, in feet, and represents the length of the rectangle, in feet. Therefore, the best
interpretation of in this context is that it's the length of the rectangle, in feet.

Choice B is incorrect. This is the best interpretation of , not , in the given function.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice D is incorrect. This is the best interpretation of , not , in the given function.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID b7f055bc
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Nonlinear functions Hard

ID: b7f055bc

The function is defined by , where and are positive constants. The graph of in the
-plane passes through the points ( , ) and ( , ). What is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: b7f055bc Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. It’s given that the function is defined by and that the graph of in the xy-plane
passes through the points and . Substituting for and for in the equation yields
, or . Subtracting from both sides of this equation yields . Substituting for and for
in the equation yields . Subtracting from both sides of this equation yields , which
can be rewritten as . Taking the square root of both sides of this equation yields and , but because it’s given
that is a positive constant, must equal . Because the value of is and the value of is , the value of is , or .

Choice A is incorrect and may result from finding the value of rather than the value of .

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from correctly finding the value of as , but multiplying it by the y-value in the first ordered
pair rather than by the value of .

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID e65d34a5
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Nonlinear functions Medium

ID: e65d34a5

The area A, in square centimeters, of a rectangular painting can be represented by the expression ,
where is the width, in centimeters, of the painting. Which expression represents the length, in centimeters, of the
painting?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: e65d34a5 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. It's given that the expression represents the area, in square centimeters, of a rectangular painting,
where is the width, in centimeters, of the painting. The area of a rectangle can be calculated by multiplying its length by its width.
It follows that the length, in centimeters, of the painting is represented by the expression .

Choice A is incorrect. This expression represents the width, in centimeters, of the painting, not its length, in centimeters.

Choice B is incorrect. This is the difference between the length, in centimeters, and the width, in centimeters, of the painting, not its
length, in centimeters.

Choice D is incorrect. This expression represents the area, in square centimeters, of the painting, not its length, in centimeters.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID aea3b524
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Nonlinear functions Hard

ID: aea3b524

Square P has a side length of inches. Square Q has a perimeter that is inches greater than the perimeter of
square P. The function gives the area of square Q, in square inches. Which of the following defines ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: aea3b524 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. Let represent the side length, in inches, of square P. It follows that the perimeter of square P is inches. It's
given that square Q has a perimeter that is inches greater than the perimeter of square P. Thus, the perimeter of square Q is
inches greater than inches, or inches. Since the perimeter of a square is times the side length of the square,
each side length of Q is , or inches. Since the area of a square is calculated by multiplying the length of two sides,
the area of square Q is , or square inches. It follows that function is defined by
.

Choice B is incorrect. This function represents a square with side lengths inches.

Choice C is incorrect. This function represents a square with side lengths inches.

Choice D is incorrect. This function represents a square with side lengths inches.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 91f6f890
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Equivalent Medium

expressions

ID: 91f6f890

Which expression is equivalent to , where and are positive?

A. msup

B. msup

C. msup

D. msup

ID: 91f6f890 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. For positive values of and , , , and . Therefore, the given

expression, , can be rewritten as . This expression is equivalent to , which can be rewritten as ,

or .

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 77899762
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Nonlinear functions Medium

ID: 77899762

The equation gives the estimated stock price , in dollars, for a certain company days after a new product
launched, where . Which statement is the best interpretation of in this context?

A. The company's estimated stock price increased every day after the new product launched.

B. The company's estimated stock price increased every days after the new product launched.

C. day after the new product launched, the company's estimated stock price is .

D. days after the new product launched, the company's estimated stock price is .

ID: 77899762 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. In the given equation, represents the number of days after a new product launched, where , and
represents the estimated stock price, in dollars, for a certain company. Therefore, the best interpretation of in this
context is that day after the new product launched, the company's estimated stock price is .

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID bcbf0e45
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Equivalent Hard

expressions

ID: bcbf0e45

One of the factors of is , where is a positive constant. What is the smallest possible
value of ?

ID: bcbf0e45 Answer

Correct Answer: 8

Rationale

The correct answer is . Since each term of the given expression, , has a factor of , the expression can be
rewritten as , or . Since the values and have a sum of and a product
of , the expression can be factored as . Therefore, the given expression can be factored as
. It follows that the factors of the given expression are , , , and . Of these factors, only
and are of the form , where is a positive constant. Therefore, the possible values of are and . Thus, the
smallest possible value of is .

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 1aec2be9
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Nonlinear equations Hard

in one variable and
systems of
equations in two
variables

ID: 1aec2be9

A solution to the given system of equations is . What is the greatest possible value of ?
A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 1aec2be9 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It's given that and ; therefore, it follows that . This
equation can be rewritten as . Subtracting from both sides of this equation yields
. This equation can be rewritten as , or . By the
zero product property, or . Subtracting from both sides of the equation yields .
Subtracting from both sides of the equation yields . Therefore, the given system of equations has solutions,
, that occur when and . Since is greater than , the greatest possible value of is .

Choice B is incorrect. This is the negative of the greatest possible value of when for the second equation in the given
system of equations.

Choice C is incorrect. This is the value of when for the first equation in the given system of equations.

Choice D is incorrect. This is the value of when for the second equation in the given system of equations.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID a9e93fa1
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Nonlinear functions Hard

ID: a9e93fa1

The function is defined by . For what value of does reach its minimum?
A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: a9e93fa1 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It's given that . Since , it follows that

. Expanding the quantity in this equation yields
. Distributing the and the yields
. Combining like terms yields . Therefore,
. For a quadratic function defined by an equation of the form , where , , and
are constants and is positive, reaches its minimum, , when the value of is . The equation
can be rewritten in this form by completing the square. This equation is equivalent to , or
. This equation can be rewritten as , or
, which is equivalent to . This equation is in the form
, where , , and . Therefore, reaches its minimum when the value of is .

Choice B is incorrect. This is the value of for which , rather than , reaches its minimum.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect. This is the value of for which , rather than , reaches its minimum.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 9a182495
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Nonlinear equations Hard

in one variable and
systems of
equations in two
variables

ID: 9a182495

How many distinct real solutions does the given equation have?

A. Exactly one

B. Exactly two

C. Infinitely many

D. Zero

ID: 9a182495 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. The number of solutions of a quadratic equation of the form , where , , and are
constants, can be determined by the value of the discriminant, . If the value of the discriminant is positive, then the
quadratic equation has exactly two distinct real solutions. If the value of the discriminant is equal to zero, then the quadratic
equation has exactly one real solution. If the value of the discriminant is negative, then the quadratic equation has zero real
solutions. In the given equation, , , , and . Substituting these values for , , and in
yields , or . Since the value of its discriminant is negative, the given equation has zero real
solutions. Therefore, the number of distinct real solutions the given equation has is zero.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 42c3e1dd
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Nonlinear equations Medium

in one variable and
systems of
equations in two
variables

ID: 42c3e1dd

The solution to the given system of equations is . What is the value of ?

ID: 42c3e1dd Answer

Correct Answer: 99

Rationale

The correct answer is . In the given system of equations, the second equation is . Subtracting from both sides of
this equation yields . In the given system of equations, the first equation is . Substituting for in this
equation yields , or . Therefore, the solution to the given system of equations is .
Thus, the value of is .

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID af1aea31
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Nonlinear functions Hard

ID: af1aea31

Which of the following functions has(have) a minimum value at ?

I.
II.

A. I only

B. II only

C. I and II

D. Neither I nor II

ID: af1aea31 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. A function of the form , where and , is a decreasing function. Both of the given
functions are of this form; therefore, both are decreasing functions. If a function is decreasing as the value of increases, the
corresponding value of decreases; therefore, the function doesn’t have a minimum value. Thus, neither of the given functions
has a minimum value.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 0daafba7
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Nonlinear equations Medium

in one variable and
systems of
equations in two
variables

ID: 0daafba7

How many distinct real solutions does the given equation have?
A. Exactly two

B. Exactly one

C. Zero

D. Infinitely many

ID: 0daafba7 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. The number of solutions of a quadratic equation of the form , where , , and are
constants, can be determined by the value of the discriminant, . If the value of the discriminant is positive, then the
quadratic equation has exactly two distinct real solutions. If the value of the discriminant is equal to zero, then the quadratic
equation has exactly one real solution. If the value of the discriminant is negative, then the quadratic equation has zero real
solutions. In the given equation, , , , and . Substituting these values for , , and in
yields , or . Since the value of its discriminant is positive, the given equation has exactly two
distinct real solutions.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID a65952d9
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Equivalent Medium

expressions

ID: a65952d9

Which expression is equivalent to , where ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: a65952d9 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. The given expression has a common factor of in the denominator, so the expression can be rewritten as
. The three terms in this expression have a common factor of . Since it's given that , can't be equal
to , which means can't be equal to . Therefore, each term in the expression, , can be divided by ,
which gives .

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID c3e3b12e
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Nonlinear functions Hard

ID: c3e3b12e

The function is defined by , where , , and are constants. The graph of in the
xy-plane passes through the points and . If is an integer greater than , which of the following
could be the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: c3e3b12e Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It's given that the graph of in the xy-plane passes through the points and . It follows
that when the value of is either or , the value of is . It's also given that the function is defined by
, where , , and are constants. It follows that the function is a quadratic function and, therefore, may be
written in factored form as , where the value of is when is either or . Since the value of
is when the value of is either or , and the value of is when the value of is either or , it follows that and are
equal to and . Substituting for and for in the equation yields
, or . Distributing the right-hand side of this equation yields
, or . Since it's given that , it follows that
. Adding to each side of this equation yields . Since , if is an integer, the value of
must be a multiple of . If is an integer greater than , it follows that . Therefore, . It follows that the value of
is less than or equal to , or . Of the given choices, only is a multiple of that's less than or equal to .

Choice B is incorrect. This is the value of if is equal to, not greater than, .

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID dba8a697
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Nonlinear equations Hard

in one variable and
systems of
equations in two
variables

ID: dba8a697

What is the sum of the solutions to the given equation?

ID: dba8a697 Answer

Correct Answer: 10.33, 31/3

Rationale

The correct answer is . Subtracting from each side of the given equation yields .
Since is a common factor of each of the terms on the right-hand side of this equation, it can be rewritten as
. This is equivalent to , or . Dividing both
sides of this equation by yields . Since a product of two factors is equal to if and only if at least one of
the factors is , either or . Subtracting from both sides of the equation yields .
Adding to both sides of the equation yields . Dividing both sides of this equation by yields .
Therefore, the solutions to the given equation are and . It follows that the sum of the solutions to the given equation is
, which is equivalent to , or . Note that 31/3 and 10.33 are examples of ways to enter a correct answer.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID c9e4bac1
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Nonlinear functions Hard

ID: c9e4bac1

A quadratic function models a projectile's height, in meters, above the ground in terms of the time, in seconds, after
it was launched. The model estimates that the projectile was launched from an initial height of meters above the
ground and reached a maximum height of meters above the ground seconds after the launch. How many
seconds after the launch does the model estimate that the projectile will return to a height of meters?
A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: c9e4bac1 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. It's given that a quadratic function models the projectile's height, in meters, above the ground in terms of the
time, in seconds, after it was launched. It follows that an equation representing the model can be written in the form
, where is the projectile's estimated height above the ground, in meters, seconds after the launch,
is a constant, and is the maximum height above the ground, in meters, the model estimates the projectile reached seconds
after the launch. It's given that the model estimates the projectile reached a maximum height of meters above the ground
seconds after the launch. Therefore, and . Substituting for and for in the equation
yields . It's also given that the model estimates that the projectile was
launched from an initial height of meters above the ground. Therefore, when , . Substituting for and for
in the equation yields , or . Subtracting from both
sides of this equation yields . Dividing both sides of this equation by yields . Substituting for in the
equation yields . Therefore, the equation
models the projectile's height, in meters, above the ground seconds after it was launched. The
number of seconds after the launch that the model estimates that the projectile will return to a height of meters is the value of
when . Substituting for in yields . Subtracting
from both sides of this equation yields . Dividing both sides of this equation by yields
. Taking the square root of both sides of this equation yields two equations: and . Adding to both sides of
the equation yields . Adding to both sides of the equation yields . Since seconds after the
launch represents the time at which the projectile was launched, must be the number of seconds the model estimates that the
projectile will return to a height of meters.

Alternate approach: It's given that a quadratic function models the projectile's height, in meters, above the ground in terms of the
time, in seconds, after it was launched. It's also given that the model estimates that the projectile was launched from an initial
height of meters above the ground and reached a maximum height of meters above the ground seconds after the launch.
Since the model is quadratic, and quadratic functions are symmetric, the model estimates that for any given height less than the
maximum height, the time the projectile takes to travel from the given height to the maximum height is the same as the time the
projectile takes to travel from the maximum height back to the given height. Thus, since the model estimates the projectile took
seconds to travel from meters above the ground to its maximum height of meters above the ground, the model also
estimates the projectile will take more seconds to travel from its maximum height of meters above the ground back to
meters above the ground. Thus, the model estimates that the projectile will return to a height of meters seconds after it reaches
its maximum height, which is seconds after the launch.

Choice A is incorrect. The model estimates that seconds after the launch, the projectile reached a height of meters, not
meters.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID d1dd92d8
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Percentages Hard

and Data Analysis

ID: d1dd92d8

The number of zebras in a population in was times the number of zebras in this population in . If
the number of zebras in this population in is of the number of zebras in this population in , what is
the value of , to the nearest whole number?

ID: d1dd92d8 Answer

Correct Answer: 79

Rationale

The correct answer is . Let represent the number of zebras in the population in and let represent the number of zebras
in the population in . It’s given that the number of zebras in this population in was times the number of zebras in
this population in . It follows that the equation represents this situation. Dividing both sides of this equation by
yields , or . Therefore, the number of zebras in this population in is times the number of
zebras in this population in . If the number of zebras in this population in is of the number of zebras in this
population in , then . It follows that , or , which means is approximately equal to .
Therefore, the value of , to the nearest whole number, is .

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 11059bb6
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Percentages Hard

and Data Analysis

ID: 11059bb6

In , Zinah earned more than in , and in Zinah earned more than in . If Zinah earned
times as much in as in , what is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 11059bb6 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. It’s given that in Zinah earned more than in . Let represent the amount Zinah earned in
and let represent the amount that Zinah earned in . This situation can be represented by the equation , or
. It’s also given that in Zinah earned more than in . Let represent the amount Zinah earned in . This
situation can be represented by the equation , or . Substituting for in the equation
yields , or . If Zinah earned times as much in as in , then the value of is .

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID d708c5e3
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Percentages Medium

and Data Analysis

ID: d708c5e3

The population of City A increased by from to . If the population is times the

population, what is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: d708c5e3 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. It's given that the population of City A increased by from to . Therefore, the population of City A
in includes of the population of City A in plus an additional of the population of City A in . This means
that the population of City A in is of the population in . Thus, the population of City A in is , or ,
times the population. Therefore, the value of is .

Choice A is incorrect. This would be the value of if the population in was of the population in .

Choice B is incorrect. This would be the value of if the population in was of the population in .

Choice D is incorrect. This would be the value of if the population increased by , not , from to .

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 796b120b
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Two-variable data: Medium

and Data Analysis Models and
scatterplots

ID: 796b120b

In the given scatterplot, a line of best fit for the data is shown.

Which of the following is closest to the slope of this line of best fit?
A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 796b120b Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. A line of best fit is shown in the scatterplot such that as the value of increases, the value of decreases. It
follows that the slope of the line of best fit shown is negative. The slope of a line in the xy-plane that passes through the points
and can be calculated as . The line of best fit shown passes approximately through the points and
. Substituting for and for in yields the slope of the line being approximately ,
which is equivalent to , or . Therefore, of the given choices, is the closest to the slope of this line of best fit.

Choice A is incorrect. The line of best fit shown has a negative slope, not a positive slope.
Choice B is incorrect. The line of best fit shown has a negative slope, not a positive slope.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 0f1d42fd
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Ratios, rates, Hard

and Data Analysis proportional
relationships, and
units

ID: 0f1d42fd

The density of a certain type of wood is kilograms per cubic meter. A sample of this type of wood is in the
shape of a cube and has a mass of kilograms. To the nearest hundredth of a meter, what is the length of one
edge of this sample?
A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 0f1d42fd Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. It’s given that the density of a certain type of wood is kilograms per cubic meter , and a sample
of this type of wood has a mass of . Let represent the volume, in , of the sample. It follows that the relationship
between the density, mass, and volume of this sample can be written
as , or . Multiplying both sides of this equation by yields . Dividing both sides of this
equation by yields . Therefore, the volume of this sample is . Since it’s given that the sample of this type of
wood is a cube, it follows that the length of one edge of this sample can be found using the volume formula for a cube, ,
where represents the volume, in , and represents the length, in m, of one edge of the cube. Substituting for in this
formula yields . Taking the cube root of both sides of this equation yields , or . Therefore, the length
of one edge of this sample to the nearest hundredth of a meter is .

Choices A, C, and D are incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 10fd67a3
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Ratios, rates, Medium

and Data Analysis proportional
relationships, and
units

ID: 10fd67a3

An object has a mass of grams and a volume of cubic centimeters. What is the density, in grams per cubic
centimeter, of the object?
A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 10fd67a3 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It's given that the object has a mass of grams and a volume of cubic centimeters. Dividing the mass, in
grams, of the object by the volume, in cubic centimeters, of the object gives the density, in grams per cubic centimeter, of the object.
It follows that the density of the object is , which is equivalent to grams per cubic centimeter, or grams per
cubic centimeter.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 7989c1bb
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Ratios, rates, Hard

and Data Analysis proportional
relationships, and
units

ID: 7989c1bb

A certain town has an area of square miles. What is the area, in square yards, of this town?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 7989c1bb Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. Since the number of yards in mile is , the number of square yards in square mile is
. Therefore, if the area of the town is square miles, it is , in
square yards.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from dividing the number of yards in a mile by the square mileage of the town.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from multiplying the number of yards in a mile by the square mileage of the town.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from dividing the number of square yards in a square mile by the square mileage of the town.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 9198f2d6
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving One-variable data: Hard

and Data Analysis Distributions and
measures of center
and spread

ID: 9198f2d6

The table shown summarizes the number of employees at each of the restaurants in a town.
Number of employees Number of restaurants

to

to

to

to

to
Which of the following could be the median number of employees for the restaurants in this town?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 9198f2d6 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. If a data set contains an odd number of data values, the median is represented by the middle data value in the
list when the data values are listed in ascending or descending order. Since the numbers of employees are given as ranges of
values rather than specific values, it's only possible to determine the range in which the median falls, rather than the exact median.
Since there are restaurants included in the data set and the numbers of employees are listed in ascending order, it follows that
the median number of employees will be represented by the ninth restaurant in the list. Since the first restaurants each have to
employees, numbers of employees in the to range would be represented by the first and second restaurants in the list. The next
restaurants each have to employees. Therefore, numbers of employees in the to range will be represented by the third
through sixth restaurants in the list. The next restaurants each have to employees. Therefore, numbers of employees in the
to range will be represented by the seventh and eighth restaurants in the list. Since the next restaurants each have to
employees, numbers of employees in the to range will be represented by the ninth through fifteenth restaurants in the list.
This means that the ninth restaurant in the list, which has the median number of employees for the restaurants in this town, has a
number of employees in the to range. Of the given choices, the only number of employees in the to range is .

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect. This is the position of the median in the list, not the value of the median.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID ea2c91c1
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Ratios, rates, Hard

and Data Analysis proportional
relationships, and
units

ID: ea2c91c1

For an electric field passing through a flat surface perpendicular to it, the electric flux of the electric field through
the surface is the product of the electric field’s strength and the area of the surface. A certain flat surface consists
of two adjacent squares, where the side length, in meters, of the larger square is times the side length, in meters,
of the smaller square. An electric field with strength volts per meter passes uniformly through this surface,
which is perpendicular to the electric field. If the total electric flux of the electric field through this surface is
, what is the electric flux, in , of the electric field through the larger square?

ID: ea2c91c1 Answer

Correct Answer: 4176

Rationale

The correct answer is . It’s given that the side length of the larger square is times the side length of the smaller square. This
means that the area of the larger square is , or , times the area of the smaller square. If the area of the smaller square is
represented by , then the area of the larger square can be represented by . Therefore, the flat surface of the two adjacent
squares has a total area of , or . It’s given that an electric field with strength volts per meter passes uniformly
through this surface and the total electric flux of the electric field through this surface is . Since it's given that
the electric flux is the product of the electric field’s strength and the area of the surface, the equation , or
, can be used to represent this situation. Dividing each side of this equation by yields . Substituting
for in the expression for the area of the larger square, , yields , or , square meters. Since the area of the larger square
is square meters, the electric flux, in , of the electric field through the larger square can be determined by
multiplying the area of the larger square by the strength of the electric field. Thus, the electric flux is
, or .

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID c7a13932
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Inference from Medium

and Data Analysis sample statistics
and margin of error

ID: c7a13932

Based on a random sample from a population, a researcher estimated that the mean value of a certain variable for
the population is , with an associated margin of error of . Which of the following is the most appropriate
conclusion?
A. It is plausible that the actual mean value of the variable for the population is between and .

B. It is not possible that the mean value of the variable for the population is less than or greater than .

C. Every value of the variable in the population is between and .

D. The mean value of the variable for the population is .

ID: c7a13932 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It's given that based on a random sample from a population, the estimated mean value for a certain variable for
the population is , with an associated margin of error of . This means that it is plausible that the actual mean value of the
variable for the population is between and . Therefore, the most appropriate conclusion is that it is plausible that
the actual mean value of the variable for the population is between and .

Choice B is incorrect. The estimated mean value and associated margin of error describe only plausible values, not all the possible
values, for the actual mean value of the variable, so this is not an appropriate conclusion.

Choice C is incorrect. The estimated mean value and associated margin of error describe only plausible values for the actual mean
value of the variable, not all the possible values of the variable, so this is not an appropriate conclusion.

Choice D is incorrect. Since is the estimated mean value of the variable based on a random sample, the actual mean value of
the variable may not be exactly . Therefore, this is not an appropriate conclusion.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID f59a7e23
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Percentages Hard

and Data Analysis

ID: f59a7e23

is greater than . What is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: f59a7e23 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. It's given that is greater than . It follows that , which is equivalent to
, or . Subtracting from each side of this equation yields . Dividing each side of
this equation by yields , or .

Choice A is incorrect. This would be the value of if were of , not greater than .

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID dd880033
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Percentages Medium

and Data Analysis

ID: dd880033

Which expression represents the result of increasing a positive quantity by ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: dd880033 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. The result of increasing a positive quantity by can be represented by the expression
. Therefore, the result of increasing a positive quantity by can be found by substituting for in the expression
, which gives , or . Thus, the expression represents the result of increasing a positive
quantity by .

Choice B is incorrect. This is the result of decreasing a positive quantity by .

Choice C is incorrect. This is the result of increasing a positive quantity by .

Choice D is incorrect. This is the result of decreasing a positive quantity by .

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 6baeb1d2
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Percentages Hard

and Data Analysis

ID: 6baeb1d2

of the items in a box are green. Of those, are also rectangular. Of the green rectangular items, are
also metal. Which of the following is closest to the percentage of the items in the box that are not rectangular
green metal items?
A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 6baeb1d2 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. It's given that of the items in a box are green. Let represent the total number of items in the box. It
follows that , or , items in the box are green. It's also given that of those, are also rectangular. Therefore,
, or , items in the box are green rectangular items. It's also given that of the green rectangular items, are
also metal. Therefore, , or , items in the box are rectangular green metal items. The number of the items
in the box that are not rectangular green metal items is the total number of items in the box minus the number of rectangular green
metal items in the box. Therefore, the number of items in the box that are not rectangular green metal items is , or
. The percentage of items in the box that are not rectangular green metal items is the percentage that is of
. If represents this percentage, the value of is , or . Of the given choices, is closest to the
percentage of items in the box that are not rectangular green metal items.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID d5770b24
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Percentages Medium

and Data Analysis

ID: d5770b24

is of what number?

ID: d5770b24 Answer

Correct Answer: 450

Rationale

The correct answer is . Let represent the number that is of. This can be written as , or
. Dividing both sides of this equation by yields . Therefore, is of .

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 73f95aef
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Percentages Medium

and Data Analysis

ID: 73f95aef

The population of Greenville increased by from to . If the population is times the

population, what is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 73f95aef Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. Let be the 2015 population of Greenville. It's given that the population increased by from 2015 to 2016.
The increase in population can be written as . The 2016 population of Greenville is given as the sum of the 2015 population
of Greenville and the increase in population from 2015 to 2016. This can be rewritten as , or . Therefore, the
value of is .

Choice A is incorrect. This is the percent, represented as a decimal, that the population increased from 2015 to 2016, not the value
of .

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect. This is the value of if the population increased by , not , from 2015 to 2016.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 8ce82ad5
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Ratios, rates, Medium

and Data Analysis proportional
relationships, and
units

ID: 8ce82ad5

At a particular track meet, the ratio of coaches to athletes is to . If there are coaches at the track meet, which
of the following expressions represents the number of athletes at the track meet?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 8ce82ad5 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. It’s given that at a particular track meet, the ratio of coaches to athletes is to . If one number in a ratio is
multiplied by a value, the other number must be multiplied by the same value in order to maintain the same ratio. If there are
coaches at the track meet, multiplying both numbers in the ratio by yields to , or to . Therefore, the expression
represents the number of athletes at the track meet.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 7ffe93b2
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Percentages Hard

and Data Analysis

ID: 7ffe93b2

The number is less than the positive number . The number is greater than . The number is how
many times ?

ID: 7ffe93b2 Answer

Correct Answer: .48, 12/25

Rationale

The correct answer is . It's given that the number is less than the positive number . Therefore, , which
is equivalent to , or . It's also given that the number is greater than . Therefore,
, which is equivalent to , or . Since , substituting for in the equation
yields , or . Thus, is times . Note that .48 and 12/25 are examples of ways to enter a
correct answer.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID fed2d1b1
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Two-variable data: Medium

and Data Analysis Models and
scatterplots

ID: fed2d1b1

The scatterplot shows the relationship between two variables, and . A line of best fit is also shown. For how
many of the data points does the line of best fit predict a greater -value than the actual -value?

ID: fed2d1b1 Answer

Correct Answer: 6

Rationale

The correct answer is . The line of best fit predicts a greater y-value than the actual y-value for any data point that's located below
the line of best fit. For the scatterplot shown, of the data points are below the line of best fit. Therefore, the line of best fit predicts
a greater y-value than the actual y-value for of the data points.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 8bea8625
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Two-variable data: Medium

and Data Analysis Models and
scatterplots

ID: 8bea8625

Each year, the value of an investment increases by of its value the previous year. Which of the following
functions best models how the value of the investment changes over time?
A. Decreasing exponential

B. Decreasing linear

C. Increasing exponential

D. Increasing linear

ID: 8bea8625 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. Because the value of the investment increases each year, the function that best models how the value of the
investment changes over time is an increasing function. It′s given that each year, the value of the investment increases by of
its value the previous year. Since the value of the investment changes by a fixed percentage each year, the function that best
models how the value of the investment changes over time is an exponential function. Therefore, the function that best models how
the value of the investment changes over time is an increasing exponential function.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 91ac409a
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Probability and Hard

and Data Analysis conditional
probability

ID: 91ac409a

The table summarizes the distribution of age and assigned group for participants in a study.
– years – years years Total

Group A

Group B

Group C

Total
One of these participants will be selected at random. What is the probability of selecting a participant from group
A, given that the participant is at least years of age? (Express your answer as a decimal or fraction, not as a
percent.)

ID: 91ac409a Answer

Correct Answer: .3833, 23/60

Rationale

The correct answer is . It's given that one of the participants will be selected at random. The probability of selecting a participant
from group A given that the participant is at least years of age is the number of participants in group A who are at least years
of age divided by the total number of participants who are at least years of age. The table shows that in group A, there are
participants who are – years of age and participants who are years of age. Therefore, there are , or ,
participants in group A who are at least years of age. The table also shows that there are a total of participants who are –
years of age and participants who are years of age. Therefore, there are a total of , or , participants who are
at least years of age. It follows that the probability of selecting a participant from group A given that the participant is at least
years of age is . Note that 23/60, .3833, and 0.383 are examples of ways to enter a correct answer.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 624c15c1
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving One-variable data: Medium

and Data Analysis Distributions and
measures of center
and spread

ID: 624c15c1

Data value Frequency

The frequency table summarizes the data values in a data set. What is the maximum data value in the data set?

ID: 624c15c1 Answer

Correct Answer: 14

Rationale

The correct answer is . The maximum value is the largest value in the data set. The frequency refers to the number of times a
data value occurs. The given frequency table shows that for this data set, the data value occurs three times, the data value
occurs three times, the data value occurs eight times, the data value occurs eight times, the data value occurs nine times,
the data value occurs eleven times, the data value occurs nine times, the data value occurs zero times, and the data value
occurs six times. Therefore, the maximum data value in the data set is .

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID a914defa
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving One-variable data: Easy

and Data Analysis Distributions and
measures of center
and spread

ID: a914defa

A group of students voted on five after-school activities. The bar graph shows the number of students who voted
for each of the five activities. How many students chose activity ?
A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: a914defa Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. The height of each bar in the bar graph given represents the number of students that voted for the activity
specified at the bottom of the bar. The bar for activity has a height that is between and . In other words, the number of
students that chose activity is between students and students. Of the given choices, is the only value between and
. Therefore, students chose activity .

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice C is incorrect. This is the number of students that chose activity , not activity .

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 362aaa23
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving One-variable data: Easy

and Data Analysis Distributions and
measures of center
and spread

ID: 362aaa23

Data set X: , , ,
Data set Y: , , , ,
The lists give the values in data sets X and Y. Which statement correctly compares the mean of data set X and the
mean of data set Y?
A. The mean of data set X is greater than the mean of data set Y.

B. The mean of data set X is less than the mean of data set Y.

C. The means of data set X and data set Y are equal.

D. There is not enough information to compare the means.

ID: 362aaa23 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. ​The mean of a data set is the sum of the values in the data set divided by the number of values in the data set.
It follows that the mean of data set X is , or , and the mean of data set Y is , or . Since is less than
, the mean of data set X is less than the mean of data set Y.

Alternate approach: Data set Y consists of the values in data set X and one additional value, . Since the additional value, , is
larger than any value in data set X, the mean of data set X is less than the mean of data set Y.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 3f24389a
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving One-variable data: Hard

and Data Analysis Distributions and
measures of center
and spread

ID: 3f24389a

The dot plots represent the distributions of values in data sets A and B.

Which of the following statements must be true?

I. The median of data set A is equal to the median of data set B.
II. The standard deviation of data set A is equal to the standard deviation of data set B.

A. I only

B. II only

C. I and II

D. Neither I nor II

ID: 3f24389a Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. The median of a data set with an odd number of values that are in ascending or descending order is the middle
value of the data set. Since the distribution of the values of both data set A and data set B form symmetric dot plots, and each data
set has an odd number of values, it follows that the median is given by the middle value in each of the dot plots. Thus, the median
of data set A is , and the median of data set B is . Therefore, statement I is true. Data set A and data set B have the same
frequency for each of the values , , , and . Data set A has a frequency of for values and , whereas data set B has a
frequency of for values and . Standard deviation is a measure of the spread of a data set; it is larger when there are more
values further from the mean, and smaller when there are more values closer to the mean. Since both distributions are symmetric
with an odd number of values, the mean of each data set is equal to its median. Thus, each data set has a mean of . Since more
of the values in data set A are closer to than data set B, it follows that data set A has a smaller standard deviation than data set
B. Thus, statement II is false. Therefore, only statement I must be true.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard
Question ID 6a18e6b3
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving One-variable data: Hard

and Data Analysis Distributions and
measures of center
and spread

ID: 6a18e6b3

The box plots summarize the masses, in kilograms, of two groups of gazelles. Based on the box plots, which of the
following statements must be true?
A. The mean mass of group 1 is greater than the mean mass of group 2.

B. The mean mass of group 1 is less than the mean mass of group 2.

C. The median mass of group 1 is greater than the median mass of group 2.

D. The median mass of group 1 is less than the median mass of group 2.

ID: 6a18e6b3 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. The median of a data set represented in a box plot is represented by the vertical line within the box. It follows
that the median mass of the gazelles in group is kilograms, and the median mass of the gazelles in group is kilograms.
Since kilograms is greater than kilograms, the median mass of group is greater than the median mass of group .

Choice A is incorrect. The mean mass of each of the two groups cannot be determined from the box plots.

Choice B is incorrect. The mean mass of each of the two groups cannot be determined from the box plots.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 8426d0ec
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Percentages Medium

and Data Analysis

ID: 8426d0ec

Last year, Cedric had plants in his garden. This year, the number of plants in Cedric’s garden is greater than
the number of plants in his garden last year. How many plants does Cedric have in his garden this year?

ID: 8426d0ec Answer

Correct Answer: 56

Rationale

The correct answer is . It’s given that Cedric had plants in his garden last year and that the number of plants in Cedric's garden
this year is greater than the number of plants in his garden last year. It follows that the number of plants in Cedric’s garden
this year is plus of , which is equal to , or . This expression is equivalent to , or .
Therefore, Cedric has plants in his garden this year.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID f006b049
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Two-variable data: Medium

and Data Analysis Models and
scatterplots

ID: f006b049

The scatterplot shows the relationship between two variables, and . A line of best fit for the data is also shown.

For how many of the data points is the actual y-value greater than the y-value predicted by the line of best fit?
A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: f006b049 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. Any data point that's located above the line of best fit has a y-value that's greater than the y-value predicted by
the line of best fit. For the scatterplot shown, of the data points are above the line of best fit. Therefore, of the data points have
an actual y-value that's greater than the y-value predicted by the line of best fit.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect. This is the number of data points that have an actual y-value that's less than the y-value predicted by the line
of best fit.
Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 561942c8
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving One-variable data: Hard

and Data Analysis Distributions and
measures of center
and spread

ID: 561942c8

The dot plot represents the values in data set A. Data set B is created by adding to each of the values in data
set A. Which of the following correctly compares the medians and the ranges of data sets A and B?
A. The median of data set B is equal to the median of data set A, and the range of data set B is equal to the range
of data set A.

B. The median of data set B is equal to the median of data set A, and the range of data set B is greater than the
range of data set A.

C. The median of data set B is greater than the median of data set A, and the range of data set B is equal to the
range of data set A.

D. The median of data set B is greater than the median of data set A, and the range of data set B is greater than the
range of data set A.

ID: 561942c8 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. The median of a data set with an odd number of values, in ascending or descending order, is the middle value
of the data set, and the range of a data set is the positive difference between the maximum and minimum values in the data set.
Since the dot plot shown gives the values in data set A in ascending order and there are values in the data set, the eighth value in
data set A, , is the median. The maximum value in data set A is and the minimum value is , so the range of data set A is
, or . It’s given that data set B is created by adding to each of the values in data set A. Increasing each of the values
in data set A by will also increase its median value by making the median of data set B . Increasing each value of data set
A by does not change the range, since the maximum value of data set B is , or , and the minimum value is ,
or , making the range of data set B , or . Therefore, the median of data set B is greater than the median of data set A,
and the range of data set B is equal to the range of data set A.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard
Question ID c6ad6232
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Ratios, rates, Hard

and Data Analysis proportional
relationships, and
units

ID: c6ad6232

Objects R and S each travel at a constant speed. The speed of object R is half the speed of object S. Object R
travels a distance of inches in seconds. Which expression represents the time, in seconds, it takes object S to
travel a distance of inches?
A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: c6ad6232 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. It's given that object R travels a distance of inches in seconds. This speed can be written as . It's
given that the speed of object R is half the speed of object S. It follows that the speed of object S is twice the speed of object R,
which is , or . Let represent the time, in seconds, it takes object S to travel a distance of inches. The
value of can be found by solving the equation , which can be written as . Multiplying each side of
this equation by yields . Dividing each side of this equation by yields . Therefore, the expression
represents the time, in seconds, it takes object S to travel a distance of inches.

Choice A is incorrect. This expression represents the time, in seconds, it would take object S to travel a distance of inches if
the speed of object R were twice, not half, the speed of object S.

Choice C is incorrect. This expression represents the time, in seconds, it takes object S to travel a distance of inches, not
inches.

Choice D is incorrect. This expression represents the time, in seconds, it takes object R, not object S, to travel a distance of
inches.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 4f6f2989
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Percentages Easy

and Data Analysis

ID: 4f6f2989

What is of ?
A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 4f6f2989 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. of a quantity means times the quantity. Therefore, of can be represented as ,
which is equivalent to , or . Therefore, of is .

Choice A is incorrect. This is of , not of .

Choice C is incorrect. This is of , not of .

Choice D is incorrect. This is , not of .

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 0449a9d0
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Two-variable data: Easy

and Data Analysis Models and
scatterplots

ID: 0449a9d0

The graph of function is shown, where .

Which of the following describes function ?

A. Increasing linear

B. Decreasing linear

C. Increasing exponential

D. Decreasing exponential

ID: 0449a9d0 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. The graph of function shows that as increases, also increases, which means is an increasing
function. The graph of is a line, which indicates a constant rate of change. A function that has a constant rate of change is a
linear function. Therefore, function can be described as increasing linear.

Choice B is incorrect. For a decreasing function, as increases, decreases, rather than increases.

Choice C is incorrect. For a decreasing function, as increases, decreases, rather than increases, and the graph of an
exponential function isn't a line.
Choice D is incorrect. The graph of an exponential function isn't a line.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID ce544c96
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Two-variable data: Easy

and Data Analysis Models and
scatterplots

ID: ce544c96

The scatterplot shows the relationship between two variables, and . A line of best fit is also shown.

Which of the following equations best represents the line of best fit shown?
A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: ce544c96 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. The line of best fit shown intersects the y-axis at a positive y-value and has a positive slope. The graph of an
equation of the form , where and are constants, intersects the y-axis at a y-value of and has a slope of . Of the
given choices, only choice A represents a line that intersects the y-axis at a positive y-value, , and has a positive slope, .

Choice B is incorrect. This equation represents a line that has a negative slope, not a positive slope.

Choice C is incorrect. This equation represents a line that intersects the y-axis at a negative y-value, not a positive y-value.
Choice D is incorrect. This equation represents a line that intersects the y-axis at a negative y-value, not a positive y-value, and has a
negative slope, not a positive slope.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 8dd9d75e
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Ratios, rates, Medium

and Data Analysis proportional
relationships, and
units

ID: 8dd9d75e

How many fluid ounces are equivalent to quarts?

ID: 8dd9d75e Answer

Correct Answer: 2432

Rationale

The correct answer is . It's given that . It follows that quarts is equivalent to , or

cups. It's also given that . It follows that cups is equivalent to , or

fluid ounces.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID c7593483
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Probability and Medium

and Data Analysis conditional
probability

ID: c7593483

In a bag, there are red, white, blue, and yellow cubes. If one of these cubes is selected at random, what is
the probability of selecting a cube that is neither blue nor yellow?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: c7593483 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. It’s given that there are red, white, blue, and yellow cubes in the bag. Therefore, there are a total of
, or , cubes in the bag. If the cube is neither blue nor yellow, then it must be either red or white. Therefore, the
probability of selecting a cube that is neither blue nor yellow is equivalent to the probability of selecting a cube that is either red or
white. If one of these cubes is selected at random, the probability of selecting a cube that is either red or white is equal to the sum
of the number of red cubes and white cubes divided by the total number of cubes in the bag. There are red cubes, white cubes,
and total cubes in the bag. Therefore, the probability of selecting a red or white cube is , which is equivalent to , or .
Thus, if one cube is selected at random, the probability of selecting a cube that is neither blue nor yellow is .

Choice A is incorrect. This is the probability of selecting a cube that is either blue or yellow, rather than the probability of selecting a
cube that is neither blue nor yellow.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID fff446be
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Ratios, rates, Easy

and Data Analysis proportional
relationships, and
units

ID: fff446be

A participant in a bicycle race completes the race with an average speed of yards per hour. What is this
average speed, in miles per hour?

ID: fff446be Answer

Correct Answer: 14.1

Rationale

The correct answer is . It’s given that a participant completes the bicycle race with an average speed of yards per hour
and . It follows that this average speed is equivalent to , which yields ,
or miles per hour.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 5c216e8e
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving One-variable data: Easy

and Data Analysis Distributions and
measures of center
and spread

ID: 5c216e8e

The bar graph shows the distribution of books collected by different groups for a book drive. How many
books were collected by group ?

ID: 5c216e8e Answer

Correct Answer: 30

Rationale

The correct answer is . The height of each bar in the bar graph shown represents the number of books collected by the group
specified at the bottom of the bar. The bar for group reaches a height of . Therefore, group collected books.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 742193f4
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Percentages Easy

and Data Analysis

ID: 742193f4

There are marbles in a container. Of these marbles, are red. How many marbles in the container are red?
A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 742193f4 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It's given that of the marbles in a container are red. Therefore, the number of red marbles can be
calculated by multiplying the number of marbles in the container by , which gives , or .

Choice B is incorrect. This is the number of marbles in the container that aren't red.

Choice C is incorrect. This is the total number of marbles in the container.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 93aef3fa
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving One-variable data: Easy

and Data Analysis Distributions and
measures of center
and spread

ID: 93aef3fa

20
18
Number of volunteers

16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
A B C D
Gift

In April, there were volunteers in a cleanup project. Each volunteer was asked to choose a small gift labeled A, B,
C, or D. The bar graph shows the number of volunteers who chose each gift. How many volunteers chose gift C?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 93aef3fa Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. The height of each bar in the graph shown represents the number of volunteers who chose the gift labeled with
the letter specified at the bottom of the bar. The bar for gift C has a height of . Therefore, volunteers chose gift C.

Choice A is incorrect. This is the number of volunteers who chose gift D, not gift C.

Choice B is incorrect. This is the number of volunteers who chose gift B, not gift C.

Choice C is incorrect. This is the number of volunteers who chose gift A, not gift C.
Question Difficulty: Easy
Question ID a22f737f
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Inference from Medium

and Data Analysis sample statistics
and margin of error

ID: a22f737f

A company that produces socks wants to estimate the percent of the socks produced in a typical week that are
defective. A random sample of socks produced in a certain week were inspected. Based on the sample, it is
estimated that of all socks produced by the company in this week are defective, with an associated margin of
error of . Based on the estimate and associated margin of error, which of the following is the most
appropriate conclusion about all socks produced by the company during this week?
A. of the socks are defective.

B. It is plausible that between and of the socks are defective.

C. of the socks are defective.

D. It is plausible that more than of the socks are defective.

ID: a22f737f Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. It’s given that, based on the sample, an estimate of of all socks produced by the company in a certain
week are defective, with an associated margin of error of . This estimate, plus or minus the margin of error, gives an interval
of plausible values for the actual percent of all socks produced by the company that week that are defective. Subtracting
from yields . Adding to yields . Therefore, it is plausible that between and of all
socks produced by the company are defective.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice C is incorrect. is the estimated percent of defective socks based on the sample. However, since the margin of error for
this estimate is known, the most appropriate conclusion is not that the percent of defective socks is exactly but instead that it
lies in an interval of plausible percents.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 3ee345a1
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Two-variable data: Hard

and Data Analysis Models and
scatterplots

ID: 3ee345a1

The scatterplot shows the relationship between two variables, and . An equation for the exponential model
shown can be written as , where and are positive constants. Which of the following is closest to the
value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 3ee345a1 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It's given that an equation for the exponential model shown can be written as , where and are
positive constants. For an exponential model written in this form, if the value of is greater than but less than , the model is
decreasing. If the value of is greater than , the model is increasing. The exponential model shown is decreasing. Therefore, the
value of is greater than but less than . Of the given choices, only is a value greater than but less than . Thus, is
closest to the value of .

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID ce1b1751
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Two-variable data: Medium

and Data Analysis Models and
scatterplots

ID: ce1b1751

The scatterplot shows the relationship between two variables, and .

Which of the following equations is the most appropriate linear model for the data shown?
A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: ce1b1751 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. The data points suggest that as the variable increases, the variable decreases, which implies that an
appropriate linear model for the data has a negative slope. The data points also show that when is close to , is greater than .
Therefore, the y-intercept of the graph of an appropriate linear model has a y-coordinate greater than . The graph of an equation of
the form , where and are constants, has a y-intercept with a y-coordinate of and has a slope of . Of the given
choices, only choice D represents a graph that has a negative slope, , and a y-intercept with a y-coordinate greater than , .

Choice A is incorrect. The graph of this equation has a positive slope, not a negative slope, and a y-intercept with a y-coordinate less
than , not greater than .
Choice B is incorrect. The graph of this equation has a y-intercept with a y-coordinate less than , not greater than .

Choice C is incorrect. The graph of this equation has a positive slope, not a negative slope.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID a188f764
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving One-variable data: Medium

and Data Analysis Distributions and
measures of center
and spread

ID: a188f764

The list gives the mass, in grams, of alpine marmots.

; ; ; ;
What is the mean mass, in grams, of these alpine marmots?

ID: a188f764 Answer

Correct Answer: 3630

Rationale

The correct answer is . The mean of a data set is the sum of the values in the data set divided by the number of values in the
data set. The sum of the masses, in grams, of these alpine marmots is , or
grams. The number of alpine marmots in the data set is . Therefore, the mean mass, in grams, of these alpine marmots is
, or .

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 652b6d2b
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Percentages Easy

and Data Analysis

ID: 652b6d2bID: 652b6d2b Answer

Correct Answer: B
What is of ?
Rationale
A.
Choice B is correct. of can be calculated as , which is equivalent to , or .
B.
Choice A is incorrect. This is , not , of .
C.
Choice C is incorrect. This is , not , of .
D.
Choice D is incorrect. This is , not , of .

Question Difficulty: Easy