HCIP-IERS Chapter 6 Route Control

Chapter 5 Route Control

Lab 5-1 Route Import and Control

Learning Objectives

The objectives of this lab are to learn and understand:

 How to import OSPF and ISIS routes to each other

 How to configure route filtering based on IP prefix list
 How to filter routes using a route-policy

Topology

Figure 5-1 Route import and control

Scenario

You are a network administrator of a company. The company's network has OSPF
areas and ISIS areas. To implement network connectivity, configure route import.
When two routing protocols on two devices import routes from each other, some
problems may occur, such as routing loops and sub-optimal routes. To prevent these
problems, you can configure the IP prefix list and route-policy to control routes.

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Tasks

Step 1 Set basic parameters and configure IP addresses.

Configure IP addresses and masks for physical interfaces and loopback interfaces of
all routers. Each Loopback0 uses the 32-bit mask.

<R1>system-view

Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.

[R1]interface Serial 1/0/0

[R1-Serial1/0/0]ip address 10.0.12.1 255.255.255.0

[R1-Serial1/0/0]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 10.0.15.1 255.255.255.0

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]interface Serial 3/0/0

[R1-Serial3/0/0]ip address 10.0.14.1 255.255.255.0

[R1-Serial3/0/0]interface LoopBack 0

[R1-LoopBack0]ip address 10.0.1.1 255.255.255.255

<R2>system-view

Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.

[R2]interface Serial 1/0/0

[R2-Serial1/0/0]ip address 10.0.12.2 255.255.255.0

[R2-Serial1/0/0]interface Serial 2/0/0

[R2-Serial2/0/0]ip address 10.0.23.2 255.255.255.0

[R2-Serial2/0/0]interface LoopBack 0

[R2-LoopBack0]ip add 10.0.2.2 255.255.255.255

<R3>system-view

Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.

[R3]interface Serial 2/0/0

[R3-Serial2/0/0]ip address 10.0.23.3 255.255.255.0

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[R3-Serial2/0/0]interface Serial 3/0/0

[R3-Serial3/0/0]ip address 10.0.35.3 255.255.255.0

[R3-Serial3/0/0]interface LoopBack 0

[R3-LoopBack0]ip address 10.0.3.3 255.255.255.255

<R4>system-view

Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.

[R4]interface Serial 1/0/0

[R4-Serial1/0/0]ip address 10.0.14.4 255.255.255.0

[R4-Serial1/0/0]interface LoopBack 0

[R4-LoopBack0]ip address 10.0.4.4 255.255.255.255

<R5>system-view

Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.

[R5]interface Serial 1/0/0

[R5-Serial1/0/0]ip address 10.0.35.5 255.255.255.0

[R5-Serial1/0/0]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0

[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 10.0.15.5 255.255.255.0

[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]interface LoopBack 0

[R5-LoopBack0]ip address 10.0.5.5 255.255.255.255

After the configurations are complete, test link connectivity.

[R1]ping -c 1 10.0.12.2

PING 10.0.12.2: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break

Reply from 10.0.12.2: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=38 ms

--- 10.0.12.2 ping statistics ---

1 packet(s) transmitted

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1 packet(s) received

0.00% packet loss

round-trip min/avg/max = 38/38/38 ms

[R1]ping -c 1 10.0.15.5

PING 10.0.15.5: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break

Reply from 10.0.15.5: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=12 ms

--- 10.0.15.5 ping statistics ---

1 packet(s) transmitted

1 packet(s) received

0.00% packet loss

round-trip min/avg/max = 12/12/12 ms

[R1]ping -c 1 10.0.14.4

PING 10.0.14.4: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break

Reply from 10.0.14.4: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=33 ms

--- 10.0.14.4 ping statistics ---

1 packet(s) transmitted

1 packet(s) received

0.00% packet loss

round-trip min/avg/max = 33/33/33 ms

[R2]ping -c 1 10.0.23.3

PING 10.0.23.3: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break

Reply from 10.0.23.3: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=34 ms

--- 10.0.23.3 ping statistics ---

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1 packet(s) transmitted

1 packet(s) received

0.00% packet loss

round-trip min/avg/max = 34/34/34 ms

[R3]ping -c 1 10.0.35.5

PING 10.0.35.5: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break

Reply from 10.0.35.5: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=39 ms

--- 10.0.35.5 ping statistics ---

1 packet(s) transmitted

1 packet(s) received

0.00% packet loss

round-trip min/avg/max = 39/39/39 ms

Step 2 Configure an IGP protocol.

Run OSPF on R1, R2, R4, and R5. All devices belong to area 0.

Run OSPF on the network segments connected to R1's S1/0/0, S3/0/0, G0/0/0, and
Loopback0.

[R1]ospf 1

[R1-ospf-1]area 0

[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.0.12.1 0.0.0.0

[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.0.15.1 0.0.0.0

[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.0.14.1 0.0.0.0

[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.0.1.1 0.0.0.0

Run OSPF on the network segment connected to R2's S1/0/0.

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[R2]ospf 1

[R2-ospf-1]area 0

[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.0.12.2 0.0.0.0

Run OSPF on the network segment connected to R4's S1/0/0 and Loopback0.

[R4]ospf 1

[R4-ospf-1]area 0

[R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.0.14.4 0.0.0.0

[R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.0.4.4 0.0.0.0

Run OSPF on the network segment connected to R5's G0/0/0.

[R5]ospf 1

[R5-ospf-1]area 0

[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.0.15.5 0.0.0.0

Check whether the routers can learn the routes from the network segments
connected to Loopback0 of other routers.

[R1]display ip routing-table

Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

Routing Tables: Public

Destinations : 17 Routes : 17

Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface

10.0.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

10.0.4.4/32 OSPF 10 1562 D 10.0.14.4 Serial3/0/0

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10.0.12.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.12.1 Serial1/0/0

10.0.12.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

10.0.12.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.12.2 Serial1/0/0

10.0.12.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

10.0.14.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.14.1 Serial3/0/0

10.0.14.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

10.0.14.4/32 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.14.4 Serial3/0/0

10.0.14.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

10.0.15.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.15.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

10.0.15.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

10.0.15.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

127.255.255.255/32Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

255.255.255.255/32Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

[R2]display ip routing-table

Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

Routing Tables: Public

Destinations : 17 Routes : 17

Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface

10.0.1.1/32 OSPF 10 1562 D 10.0.12.1 Serial1/0/0

10.0.2.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

10.0.4.4/32 OSPF 10 3124 D 10.0.12.1 Serial1/0/0

10.0.12.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.12.2 Serial1/0/0

10.0.12.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.12.1 Serial1/0/0

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10.0.12.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

10.0.12.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

10.0.14.0/24 OSPF 10 3124 D 10.0.12.1 Serial1/0/0

10.0.15.0/24 OSPF 10 1563 D 10.0.12.1 Serial1/0/0

10.0.23.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.23.2 Serial2/0/0

10.0.23.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

10.0.23.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.23.3 Serial2/0/0

10.0.23.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

127.255.255.255/32Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

255.255.255.255/32Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

[R4]display ip routing-table

Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

Routing Tables: Public

Destinations : 12 Routes : 12

Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface

10.0.1.1/32 OSPF 10 1562 D 10.0.14.1 Serial1/0/0

10.0.4.4/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

10.0.12.0/24 OSPF 10 3124 D 10.0.14.1 Serial1/0/0

10.0.14.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.14.4 Serial1/0/0

10.0.14.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.14.1 Serial1/0/0

10.0.14.4/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

10.0.14.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

10.0.15.0/24 OSPF 10 1563 D 10.0.14.1 Serial1/0/0

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127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

127.255.255.255/32Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

255.255.255.255/32Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

[R5]display ip routing-table

Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

Routing Tables: Public

Destinations : 16 Routes : 16

Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface

10.0.1.1/32 OSPF 10 1 D 10.0.15.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

10.0.4.4/32 OSPF 10 1563 D 10.0.15.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

10.0.5.5/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

10.0.12.0/24 OSPF 10 1563 D 10.0.15.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

10.0.14.0/24 OSPF 10 1563 D 10.0.15.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

10.0.15.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.15.5 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

10.0.15.5/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

10.0.15.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

10.0.35.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.35.5 Serial1/0/0

10.0.35.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.35.3 Serial1/0/0

10.0.35.5/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

10.0.35.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

127.255.255.255/32Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

255.255.255.255/32Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

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Configure ISIS on R2, R3, and R5.

Run ISIS on the network segments connected to R2's S2/0/0 and Loopback0.

[R2]isis 1

[R2-isis-1]network-entity 49.0001.0000.0000.0002.00

[R2-isis-1]is-level level-2

[R2-isis-1]interface serial2/0/0

[R2-Serial2/0/0]isis enable 1

[R2]interface loopback0

[R2-LoopBack0]isis enable 1

Run ISIS on the network segments connected to R3's S2/0/0, S3/0/0, and Loopback0.

[R3]isis 1

[R3-isis-1]network-entity 49.0001.0000.0000.0003.00

[R3-isis-1]is-level level-2

[R3-isis-1]interface serial2/0/0

[R3-Serial2/0/0]isis enable 1

[R3-Serial2/0/0]interface serial3/0/0

[R3-Serial3/0/0]isis enable 1

[R3-Serial3/0/0]interface loopback0

[R3-LoopBack0]isis enable 1

Run ISIS on the network segments connected to R5's S1/0/0 and Loopback0.

[R5]isis 1

[R5-isis-1]network-entity 49.0001.0000.0000.0005.00

[R5-isis-1]is-level level-2

[R5-isis-1]interface serial1/0/0

[R5-Serial1/0/0]isis enable 1

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[R5-Serial1/0/0]interface loopback 0

[R5-LoopBack0]isis enable 1

Check whether the routers learn Loopback0 addresses of other devices.

[R2]display ip routing-table

Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib

------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Routing Tables: Public

Destinations : 20 Routes : 20

Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface

10.0.1.1/32 OSPF 10 48 D 10.0.12.1 Serial1/0/0

10.0.2.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0

10.0.3.3/32 ISIS-L2 15 10 D 10.0.23.3 Serial2/0/0

10.0.4.4/32 OSPF 10 96 D 10.0.12.1 Serial1/0/0

10.0.5.5/32 ISIS-L2 15 20 D 10.0.23.3 Serial2/0/0

10.0.12.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.12.2 Serial1/0/0

10.0.12.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.12.1 Serial1/0/0

10.0.12.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 Serial1/0/0

10.0.12.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 Serial1/0/0

10.0.14.0/24 OSPF 10 96 D 10.0.12.1 Serial1/0/0

10.0.15.0/24 OSPF 10 49 D 10.0.12.1 Serial1/0/0

10.0.23.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.23.2 Serial2/0/0

10.0.23.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 Serial2/0/0

10.0.23.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.23.3 Serial2/0/0

10.0.23.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 Serial2/0/0

10.0.35.0/24 ISIS-L2 15 20 D 10.0.23.3 Serial2/0/0

127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

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255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

[R3]dis ip routing-table

Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib

------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Routing Tables: Public

Destinations : 15 Routes : 15

Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface

10.0.2.2/32 ISIS-L2 15 10 D 10.0.23.2 Serial2/0/0

10.0.3.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0

10.0.5.5/32 ISIS-L2 15 10 D 10.0.35.5 Serial3/0/0

10.0.23.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.23.3 Serial2/0/0

10.0.23.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.23.2 Serial2/0/0

10.0.23.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 Serial2/0/0

10.0.23.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 Serial2/0/0

10.0.35.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.35.3 Serial3/0/0

10.0.35.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 Serial3/0/0

10.0.35.5/32 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.35.5 Serial3/0/0

10.0.35.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 Serial3/0/0

127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

[R5]display ip routing-table

Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib

------------------------------------------------------------------------------

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Routing Tables: Public

Destinations : 19 Routes : 19

Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface

10.0.1.1/32 OSPF 10 1 D 10.0.15.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

10.0.2.2/32 ISIS-L2 15 20 D 10.0.35.3 Serial1/0/0

10.0.3.3/32 ISIS-L2 15 10 D 10.0.35.3 Serial1/0/0

10.0.4.4/32 OSPF 10 49 D 10.0.15.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

10.0.5.5/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0

10.0.12.0/24 OSPF 0 49 D 10.0.15.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

10.0.14.0/24 OSPF 10 49 D 10.0.15.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

10.0.15.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.15.5 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

10.0.15.5/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

10.0.15.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

10.0.23.0/24 ISIS-L2 15 20 D 10.0.35.3 Serial1/0/0

10.0.35.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.35.5 Serial1/0/0

10.0.35.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.35.3 Serial1/0/0

10.0.35.5/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 Serial1/0/0

10.0.35.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 Serial1/0/0

127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

Step 3 Configure a prefix list to filter routes.

Create static routes 1.1.1.1/32, 1.1.1.0/24, 1.1.1.0/25, 1.1.0.0/16, and 1.0.0.0/8

pointing to NULL 0 on R1. Run the import-route static command to import routes
to OSPF.

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[R1]ip route-static 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255 NULL 0

[R1]ip route-static 1.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 NULL 0

[R1]ip route-static 1.1.1.0 255.255.255.128 NULL 0

[R1]ip route-static 1.1.0.0 255.255.0.0 NULL 0

[R1]ip route-static 1.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 NULL 0

[R1]ospf 1

[R1-ospf-1]import-route static

Check whether R4 receives the static routes added to R1.

[R4]display ip routing-table

Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

Routing Tables: Public

Destinations : 17 Routes : 17

Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface

1.0.0.0/8 O_ASE 150 1 D 10.0.14.1 Serial1/0/0

1.1.0.0/16 O_ASE 150 1 D 10.0.14.1 Serial1/0/0

1.1.1.0/24 O_ASE 150 1 D 10.0.14.1 Serial1/0/0

1.1.1.0/25 O_ASE 150 1 D 10.0.14.1 Serial1/0/0

1.1.1.1/32 O_ASE 150 1 D 10.0.14.1 Serial1/0/0

10.0.1.1/32 OSPF 10 1562 D 10.0.14.1 Serial1/0/0

10.0.4.4/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

10.0.12.0/24 OSPF 10 3124 D 10.0.14.1 Serial1/0/0

10.0.14.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.14.4 Serial1/0/0

10.0.14.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.14.1 Serial1/0/0

10.0.14.4/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

10.0.14.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

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10.0.15.0/24 OSPF 10 1563 D 10.0.14.1 Serial1/0/0

127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

Configure the prefix list pref_r1 on R1 to match the route 1.1.1.0/24.

[R1]ip ip-prefix pref_r1 index 10 permit 1.1.1.0 24 greater-equal 24 less-equal 24

Create the routing policy policy_r1 and invoke the prefix list pref_r1 to control static
route import on R1.

[R1]route-policy policy_r1 permit node 10

[R1-route-policy]if-match ip-prefix pref_r1

[R1-route-policy]ospf

[R1-ospf-1]import-route static route-policy policy_r1

Check the routing table on R4.

[R4]display ip routing-table

Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

Routing Tables: Public

Destinations : 13 Routes : 13

Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface

1.1.1.0/24 O_ASE 150 1 D 10.0.14.1 Serial1/0/0

10.0.1.1/32 OSPF 10 1562 D 10.0.14.1 Serial1/0/0

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10.0.4.4/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

10.0.12.0/24 OSPF 10 3124 D 10.0.14.1 Serial1/0/0

10.0.14.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.14.4 Serial1/0/0

10.0.14.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.14.1 Serial1/0/0

10.0.14.4/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

10.0.14.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

10.0.15.0/24 OSPF 10 1563 D 10.0.14.1 Serial1/0/0

127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

Step 4 Use the route policy to filter routes, avoiding loops.

Create Loopback 1 with address 10.1.4.4/24 on R4 and run the import-route direct
command to import routes to OSPF.

[R4]interface LoopBack 1

[R4-LoopBack1]ip address 10.1.4.4 255.255.255.0

[R4-LoopBack1]ospf 1

[R4-ospf-1]import-route direct

Import OSPF routes on R2 to ISIS, and import ISIS routes on R5 to OSPF.

[R2]isis 1

[R2-isis-1]import-route ospf

[R5]ospf

[R5-ospf-1]import-route isis

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Test the connectivity between R1 and 10.1.4.4.

[R1]ping 10.1.4.4

PING 10.1.4.4: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break

Request time out

Request time out

Request time out

Request time out

Request time out

--- 10.1.4.4 ping statistics ---

5 packet(s) transmitted

0 packet(s) received

100.00% packet loss

The connection is abnormal. Check the routing table on R1.

[R1]display ip routing-table

Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

Routing Tables: Public

Destinations : 28 Routes : 28

Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface

1.0.0.0/8 Static 60 0 D 0.0.0.0 NULL0

1.1.0.0/16 Static 60 0 D 0.0.0.0 NULL0

1.1.1.0/24 Static 60 0 D 0.0.0.0 NULL0

1.1.1.0/25 Static 60 0 D 0.0.0.0 NULL0

1.1.1.1/32 Static 60 0 D 0.0.0.0 NULL0

10.0.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

10.0.2.2/32 O_ASE 150 1 D 10.0.15.5 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

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10.0.3.3/32 O_ASE 150 1 D 10.0.15.5 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

10.0.4.4/32 OSPF 10 1562 D 10.0.14.4 Serial3/0/0

10.0.5.5/32 O_ASE 150 1 D 10.0.15.5 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

10.0.12.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.12.1 Serial1/0/0

10.0.12.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

10.0.12.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.12.2 Serial1/0/0

10.0.12.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

10.0.14.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.14.1 Serial3/0/0

10.0.14.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

10.0.14.4/32 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.14.4 Serial3/0/0

10.0.14.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

10.0.15.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.15.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

10.0.15.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

10.0.15.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

10.0.23.0/24 O_ASE 150 1 D 10.0.15.5 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

10.0.35.0/24 O_ASE 150 1 D 10.0.15.5 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

10.1.4.0/24 O_ASE 150 1 D 10.0.15.5 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

The next hop of the route 10.1.4.0/24 on R1 is R5.

Check the 10.1.4.0/24 route in the routing tables on R2, R3, and R5.

[R2]display ip routing-table 10.1.4.0

Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

Routing Table : Public

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Summary Count : 1

Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface

10.1.4.0/24 O_ASE 150 1 D 10.0.12.1 Serial1/0/0

[R3]display ip routing-table 10.1.4.0

Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib

------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Routing Table : Public

Summary Count : 1

Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface

10.1.4.0/24 ISIS-L2 15 74 D 10.0.23.2 Serial2/0/0

[R5]display ip routing-table 10.1.4.0

Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib

------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Routing Table : Public

Summary Count : 1

Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface

10.1.4.0/24 ISIS-L2 15 84 D 10.0.35.3 Serial1/0/0

Run the tracert command on R1 to check the path to 10.1.4.4.

[R1]tracert 10.1.4.4

traceroute to 10.1.4.4(10.1.4.4), max hops: 30 ,packet length: 40,press CTRL_C to break

1 10.0.15.5 61 ms 2 ms 2 ms

2 10.0.35.3 29 ms 28 ms 29 ms

3 10.0.23.2 31 ms 36 ms 36 ms

4 10.0.12.1 34 ms 36 ms 36 ms

5 10.0.15.5 34 ms 37 ms 37 ms

6 10.0.35.3 55 ms 59 ms 59 ms

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7 10.0.23.2 60 ms 66 ms 66 ms

8 10.0.12.1 63 ms 66 ms 66 ms

9 10.0.15.5 65 ms 67 ms 67 ms

A loop is detected.

The reason is: After route import is configured, R5 can learn the 10.1.4.0/24 route in
both the ISIS and OSPF domains.

The ISIS routes have higher priority than OSPF external routes, so R5 uses the routes
learned from the ISIS domain.

R1 can learn this route from both R5 and R4. The two routes are OSPF external routes.
Therefore, the cost values of the two routes are compared. R1 is connected to R5
through GE links, which is better than the serial link between R1 and R4. Therefore,
R1 uses the routes learned from R5, causing the loop.

Apply the route policy policy_r5 to R5 and add tag 100 to the route 10.1.4.0/24.

[R5]acl number 2001

[R5-acl-basic-2001]rule 0 permit source 10.1.4.0 0.0.0.255

[R5-acl-basic-2001]route-policy add_tag permit node 10

[R5-route-policy]if-match acl 2001

[R5-route-policy]apply tag 100

[R5-route-policy]route-policy add_tag permit node 20

[R5-route-policy]ospf

[R5-ospf-1]import-route rip route-policy add_tag

Check OSPF routing information on R1.

[R1]display ospf routing

OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 10.0.12.1

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Routing Tables

Routing for Network

Destination Cost Type NextHop AdvRouter Area

10.0.1.1/32 0 Stub 10.0.1.1 10.0.12.1 0.0.0.0

10.0.12.0/24 1562 Stub 10.0.12.1 10.0.12.1 0.0.0.0

10.0.14.0/24 1562 Stub 10.0.14.1 10.0.12.1 0.0.0.0

10.0.15.0/24 1 Transit 10.0.15.1 10.0.12.1 0.0.0.0

10.0.4.4/32 1562 Stub 10.0.14.4 10.0.14.4 0.0.0.0

Routing for ASEs

Destination Cost Type Tag NextHop AdvRouter

1.1.1.0/24 1 Type2 1 10.0.15.5 10.0.35.5

10.0.2.2/32 1 Type2 1 10.0.15.5 10.0.35.5

10.0.3.3/32 1 Type2 1 10.0.15.5 10.0.35.5

10.0.5.5/32 1 Type2 1 10.0.15.5 10.0.35.5

10.0.14.1/32 1 Type2 1 10.0.15.5 10.0.35.5

10.0.23.0/24 1 Type2 1 10.0.15.5 10.0.35.5

10.0.35.0/24 1 Type2 1 10.0.15.5 10.0.35.5

10.1.4.0/24 1 Type2 100 10.0.15.5 10.0.35.5

Total Nets: 13

Intra Area: 5 Inter Area: 0 ASE: 8 NSSA: 0

R1 has the 10.1.4.0/24 route with tag 100, indicating that the route is obtained from
R5.

To address the loop problem, filter out the 10.1.4.0/24 route when R5 imports ISIS
routes to OSPF.

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Configure the route policy route_delete on R5 to control ISIS route import to OSPF.

[R5]route-policy route_delete deny node 10

[R5-route-policy]if-match acl 2001

[R5-route-policy]route-policy route_delete permit node 20

[R5-route-policy]ospf 1

[R5-ospf-1]import-route rip route-policy route_delete

Check the routing table on R1.

[R1]display ip routing-table

Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

Routing Tables: Public

Destinations : 28 Routes : 28

Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface

1.0.0.0/8 Static 60 0 D 0.0.0.0 NULL0

1.1.0.0/16 Static 60 0 D 0.0.0.0 NULL0

1.1.1.0/24 Static 60 0 D 0.0.0.0 NULL0

1.1.1.0/25 Static 60 0 D 0.0.0.0 NULL0

1.1.1.1/32 Static 60 0 D 0.0.0.0 NULL0

10.0.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

10.0.2.2/32 O_ASE 150 1 D 10.0.15.5 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

10.0.3.3/32 O_ASE 150 1 D 10.0.15.5 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

10.0.4.4/32 OSPF 10 1562 D 10.0.14.4 Serial3/0/0

10.0.5.5/32 O_ASE 150 1 D 10.0.15.5 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

10.0.12.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.12.1 Serial1/0/0

10.0.12.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

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10.0.12.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.12.2 Serial1/0/0

10.0.12.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

10.0.14.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.14.1 Serial3/0/0

10.0.14.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

10.0.14.4/32 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.14.4 Serial3/0/0

10.0.14.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

10.0.15.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.15.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

10.0.15.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

10.0.15.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

10.0.23.0/24 O_ASE 150 1 D 10.0.15.5 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

10.0.35.0/24 O_ASE 150 1 D 10.0.15.5 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

10.1.4.0/24 O_ASE 150 1 D 10.0.14.4 Serial3/0/0

127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

The routing information is correct.

Test the connectivity between R1 and 10.1.4.4.

[R1]ping 10.1.4.4

PING 10.1.4.4: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break

Reply from 10.1.4.4: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=33 ms

Reply from 10.1.4.4: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=29 ms

Reply from 10.1.4.4: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=29 ms

Reply from 10.1.4.4: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=255 time=29 ms

Reply from 10.1.4.4: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=255 time=29 ms

--- 10.1.4.4 ping statistics ---

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5 packet(s) transmitted

5 packet(s) received

0.00% packet loss

round-trip min/avg/max = 29/29/33 ms

Test the path from R1 to 10.1.4.4.

[R1]tracert 10.1.4.4

traceroute to 10.1.4.4(10.1.4.4), max hops: 30 ,packet length: 40,press CTRL_C to break

1 10.0.14.4 61 ms 29 ms 29 ms

The loop is removed. R4 is the next hop of the 10.1.4.0/24 route on R1.

Step 5 Use the route-policy to change route priorities, avoiding

loops.

Check the IP routing table of R5. Observe the next hop of the route 10.1.4.0/24.

[R5]display ip routing-table

Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib

------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Routing Tables: Public

Destinations : 22 Routes : 22

Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface

1.1.1.0/24 ISIS-L2 15 84 D 10.0.35.3 Serial1/0/0

10.0.1.1/32 OSPF 10 1 D 10.0.15.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

10.0.2.2/32 ISIS-L2 15 20 D 10.0.35.3 Serial1/0/0

10.0.3.3/32 ISIS-L2 15 10 D 10.0.35.3 Serial1/0/0

10.0.4.4/32 OSPF 10 49 D 10.0.15.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

10.0.5.5/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0

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10.0.12.0/24 OSPF 10 49 D 10.0.15.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

10.0.14.0/24 OSPF 10 49 D 10.0.15.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

10.0.14.1/32 ISIS-L2 15 84 D 10.0.35.3 Serial1/0/0

10.0.15.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.15.5 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

10.0.15.5/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

10.0.15.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

10.0.23.0/24 ISIS-L2 15 20 D 10.0.35.3 Serial1/0/0

10.0.35.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.35.5 Serial1/0/0

10.0.35.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.35.3 Serial1/0/0

10.0.35.5/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 Serial1/0/0

10.0.35.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 Serial1/0/0

10.1.4.0/24 ISIS-L2 15 84 D 10.0.35.3 Serial1/0/0

127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

Test the path from R5 to 10.1.4.4.

[R5]tracert 10.1.4.4

traceroute to 10.1.4.4(10.1.4.4), max hops: 30 ,packet length: 40,press CTRL_C to break

1 10.0.35.3 62 ms 24 ms 24 ms

2 10.0.23.2 43 ms 44 ms 44 ms

3 10.0.12.1 33 ms 33 ms 33 ms

4 10.0.14.4 74 ms 55 ms 55 ms

Although route filtering can fix the loop problem, R5 still learns the 10.1.4.0/24 route
from the ISIS domain. The sub-optimal route problem still exists.

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To fix both the loop problem and sub-optimal route problem, R5 must learn the
10.1.4.0/24 route from the OSPF domain.

Delete the policy route_delete on R5.

[R5]undo route-policy route_delete

Configure the route-policy route_pref on R5. Change the priority of the 10.1.4.0/24
route to 180, which is smaller than the priority of OSPF external routes.

[R5]route-policy route_pref permit node 10

[R5-route-policy]if-match acl 2001

[R5-route-policy]apply preference 180

Use the route-policy route_pref to control the ISIS routes imported into OSPF.

[R5]isis

[R5-isis-1]preference route-policy route_pref

Check the IP routing tables of R5 and R1. Observe the next hops of the 10.1.4.0/24
routes.

[R5]display ip routing-table 10.1.4.0

Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

Routing Table : Public

Summary Count : 1

Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface

10.1.4.0/24 O_ASE 150 1 D 10.0.15.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

[R1]display ip routing-table 10.1.4.0

Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib

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----------------------------------------------------------------------------

Routing Table : Public

Summary Count : 1

Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface

10.1.4.0/24 O_ASE 150 1 D 10.0.14.4 Serial3/0/0

Test the connectivity between R1 and 10.1.4.4.

[R1]ping 10.1.4.4

PING 10.1.4.4: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break

Reply from 10.1.4.4: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=39 ms

Reply from 10.1.4.4: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=35 ms

Reply from 10.1.4.4: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=35 ms

Reply from 10.1.4.4: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=255 time=35 ms

Reply from 10.1.4.4: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=255 time=35 ms

--- 10.1.4.4 ping statistics ---

5 packet(s) transmitted

5 packet(s) received

0.00% packet loss

round-trip min/avg/max = 35/35/39 ms

Test the path from R1 to 10.1.4.4.

[R1]tracert 10.1.4.4

traceroute to 10.1.4.4(10.1.4.4), max hops: 30 ,packet length: 40,press CTRL_C to break

1 10.0.14.4 61 ms 25 ms 25 ms

Test the path from R5 to 10.1.4.4.

[R5]tracert 10.1.4.4

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traceroute to 10.1.4.4(10.1.4.4), max hops: 30 ,packet length: 40,press CTRL_C to break

1 10.0.15.1 61 ms 2 ms 2 ms

2 10.0.14.4 41 ms 28 ms 27 ms

The loop problem is fixed.

R4 is the next hop of the route 10.1.4.0/24 on R1. R1 is the next hop of the route
10.1.4.0/24 on R5. The sub-optimal route problem is also fixed.

----End

Additional Exercises: Analysis and Verification

Can you use an ACL to achieve the same effect as that in step 3? What is the
difference between using an ACL and a prefix list?

In the R3's routing table in step 5, why the 10.0.15.0/24 route has two next hops but
the 10.0.12.0/24 route has only one next hop?

Device Configurations
<R1>display current-configuration

[V200R007C00SPC600]

sysname R1

interface Serial1/0/0

link-protocol ppp

ip address 10.0.12.1 255.255.255.0

interface Serial3/0/0

link-protocol ppp

ip address 10.0.14.1 255.255.255.0

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interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0

ip address 10.0.15.1 255.255.255.0

interface LoopBack0

ip address 10.0.1.1 255.255.255.255

ospf 1

import-route static route-policy policy_r1

area 0.0.0.0

network 10.0.12.1 0.0.0.0

network 10.0.15.1 0.0.0.0

network 10.0.14.1 0.0.0.0

network 10.0.1.1 0.0.0.0

route-policy policy_r1 permit node 10

if-match ip-prefix pref_r1

ip ip-prefix pref_r1 index 10 permit 1.1.1.0 24 greater-equal 24 less-equal 24

ip route-static 1.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 NULL0

ip route-static 1.1.0.0 255.255.0.0 NULL0

ip route-static 1.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 NULL0

ip route-static 1.1.1.0 255.255.255.128 NULL0

ip route-static 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255 NULL0

return

<R2>display current-configuration

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[V200R007C00SPC600]

sysname R2

isis 1

is-level level-2

network-entity 49.0001.0000.0000.0002.00

import-route ospf 1

interface Serial1/0/0

link-protocol ppp

ip address 10.0.12.2 255.255.255.0

interface Serial2/0/0

link-protocol ppp

ip address 10.0.23.2 255.255.255.0

isis enable 1

interface LoopBack0

ip address 10.0.2.2 255.255.255.255

isis enable 1

ospf 1

area 0.0.0.0

network 10.0.12.2 0.0.0.0

return

<R3>display current-configuration

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[V200R007C00SPC600]

sysname R3

isis 1

is-level level-2

network-entity 49.0001.0000.0000.0003.00

interface Serial2/0/0

link-protocol ppp

ip address 10.0.23.3 255.255.255.0

isis enable 1

interface Serial3/0/0

link-protocol ppp

ip address 10.0.35.3 255.255.255.0

isis enable 1

interface LoopBack0

ip address 10.0.3.3 255.255.255.255

isis enable 1

<R4>display current-configuration

[V200R007C00SPC600]

sysname R4

icmp port-unreachable send

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interface Serial1/0/0

link-protocol ppp

ip address 10.0.14.4 255.255.255.0

interface LoopBack0

ip address 10.0.4.4 255.255.255.255

interface LoopBack1

ip address 10.1.4.4 255.255.255.0

ospf 1

import-route direct

area 0.0.0.0

network 10.0.14.4 0.0.0.0

network 10.0.4.4 0.0.0.0

return

<R5>display current-configuration

[V200R007C00SPC600]

sysname R5

isis 1

is-level level-2

network-entity 49.0001.0000.0000.0005.00

preference route-policy route_pref

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interface Serial1/0/0

link-protocol ppp

ip address 10.0.35.5 255.255.255.0

isis enable 1

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0

ip address 10.0.15.5 255.255.255.0

interface LoopBack0

ip address 10.0.5.5 255.255.255.255

isis enable 1

ospf 1

import-route rip 1 route-policy route_delete

area 0.0.0.0

network 10.0.15.5 0.0.0.0

route-policy add_tag permit node 10

if-match acl 2001

apply tag 100

route-policy add_tag permit node 20

route-policy route_pref permit node 10

if-match acl 2001

apply preference 180

return

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