UNIT-2

Unit – II (LAPLACE TRANSFORM)

1. Find the Laplace transform of the following functions
(i) sin(𝑎 + 𝑏𝑡) (iii) 𝑠𝑖𝑛3 2𝑡
(ii) sin 3𝑡 cos 2𝑡 (iv) (1 + te−t )3
𝑠 𝑏 1 5 1 48 1 3 6 6
Ans: (i)sin 𝑎 + cos 𝑎 (ii) ( + ) (iii)(𝑠2 (iv) + (𝑠+1)2 + (𝑠+2)3 + (𝑠+3)4
𝑠 2 +𝑏 2 𝑠 2 +𝑏 2 2 𝑠 2 +25 𝑠 2 +1 +4)(𝑠 2 +36) 𝑠

2. Find the Laplace transform

(i) t² et sin 4t 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑡 𝑒 −𝑡 sin 𝑡
(iii) (v)
𝑡 𝑡
𝑒 −𝑎𝑡 −𝑒 −𝑏𝑡
(ii) 𝑒 𝑎𝑡 −cos 𝑏𝑡
𝑡 (iv)
𝑡
8(3𝑠 2 −6𝑠−13) 𝑠+𝑏 1 𝑠 2 +4 1 𝑠 2 +𝑏 2
Ans: (i) (𝑠2 (ii)log (iii) 𝑙𝑜𝑔 (iv) 𝑙𝑜𝑔 (𝑠−𝑎)2 (v)cot −1(𝑠 + 1)
−2𝑠+17)3 𝑠+𝑎 4 𝑠2 2

3. Evaluate the following integrals.

∞ sin 𝑡 ∞ cos 6𝑡−cos 4𝑡 ∞ 𝑒 −𝑡 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑡
(i) ∫0 𝑑𝑡 (iii) ∫0 𝑑𝑡 (v) ∫0 𝑑𝑡
𝑡 𝑡 𝑡
∞
∞ 𝑒 −𝑎𝑡 −𝑒 −𝑏𝑡 (iv) ∫0 𝑒 −2𝑡 𝑠𝑖𝑛3 𝑡 𝑑𝑡
(ii) ∫0 𝑑𝑡
𝑡
𝜋 𝑏 2 6 1
Ans:(i) (ii)𝑙𝑜𝑔 (iii)𝑙𝑜𝑔 (iv) (v) log 5
2 𝑎 3 65 4

4. Find its Laplace transform

 t , 0t 
(i) (t) = 
 − t ,   t  2 t for 0  t  1
(iv) (t) = 
1 for 1  t  2
 1 , 0  t  a/2
(ii) (t) = 
− 1 , a / 2  t  a  h
t for 0t a
(v) (t)=  a
 t for 0  t  a
 (2a − t )
h
(iii) (t) =  
for a  t  2a
2 a − t for a  t  2a a

−𝝅𝒔𝒆−𝝅𝒔 +𝟏−𝒆−𝝅𝒔 1 𝑎𝑠 1 𝑎𝑠 1 ℎ 𝑎𝑠
Ans:(i) (ii) tanh (iii) 2 tanh (iv) [1 − 𝑒 −𝑠 − 𝑠𝑒 −2𝑠 ](v) tan ℎ
𝒔𝟐 (𝟏+𝒆−𝝅𝒔 ) 𝑠 4 𝑠 2 𝑠 2 (1−𝑒 −2𝑠 ) 𝑎𝑠 2 2
2
5. Find the Laplace transform of (i) (𝑡 − 1) 𝑈(𝑡 − 1) (ii) sin 𝑡 𝑈(𝑡 − 𝜋) (iii) 𝑒 −3𝑡 𝑈(𝑡 − 2)
2𝑒 −𝑠 𝑒 −𝜋𝑠 𝑒 −2(𝑠+3)
Ans:(i) (ii)− (iii)
𝑠3 𝑠 2 +1 𝑠+3

6. Find the Laplace transform of following functions:

 t² 0t 2  t / , 0t 
 
(i) (t) = t − 1 2  t  3 (iii) (t) = 1 − (t /  )   t  2
 7 t 3  t  2
  1

1 0  t  1 (iv) (t) = {𝑒
𝑡−𝑎
𝑡>𝑎

(ii) (t) =  t 1  t  2 0 𝑡<𝑎
t ² t2

2 𝑒 −2𝑠 𝑒 −3𝑠 1 2𝑒 −2𝑠 𝑒 −𝑠 3𝑒 −2𝑠 2𝑒 −2𝑠
Ans: (i) 3 − (2 + 3𝑠 + 3𝑠 2 ) + (5𝑠 − 1) (ii) + + + +
𝑠 𝑠3 𝑠2 𝑠 𝑠 𝑠2 𝑠2 𝑠3
𝟏 1 2 1 𝒆−𝒂𝒔
(iii) [ − 𝑒 −𝑠𝜔 (1 + ) + 𝑒 −2𝑠𝜔 (2 + )](iv)
𝒔 𝑠𝜔 𝑠𝜔 𝑠𝜔 𝒔−𝟏

7. Express the following functions in terms of unit step function & hence find its Laplace transform
𝑡 − 1 when 1 < 𝑡 < 2 4 when 0 < 𝑡 < 1
(i) 𝑓(𝑡) = {
3 − 𝑡 , 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑛 2 < 𝑡 < 3 (ii) 𝑓(𝑡) = {−2 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑛 1 < 𝑡 < 3
5 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑡 > 3
𝑒 −𝑠 4−6𝑒 −𝑠 +7𝑒 −3𝑠
Ans:(i) (1 − 𝑒 −𝑠 )2 (ii)
𝑠2 𝑠

8. Find the inverse Laplace transform of the following

 UNIT-2

(i)
2𝑠+1
(iv)
1
(vii)
5𝑠+3 2s ² − 6s + 5
𝑠 2 −4 √2𝑠+3 (𝑠−1)(𝑠 2 +2𝑠+5) (x)
s − 6s 2 + 11 s − 6
3
𝑠3 𝑠 𝑠
(ii) (v) (viii)
𝑠 4 −𝑎4 𝑠 2 +6𝑠+25 𝑠 4 +𝑠 2 +1
𝑠 𝑠+8 1
(iii) (vi) (ix)
𝑠 4 +4𝑎4 𝑠 2 +4𝑠+5 (𝑠 2 +1)3
3𝑡
1 1 1 1 3
Ans:(i)2 cos ℎ2𝑡 + sin ℎ2𝑡(ii) (cos ℎ𝑎𝑡 + cos 𝑎𝑡)(iii) (sin 𝑎𝑡 sin ℎ𝑎𝑡)(iv) 𝑒 − 2 (v)𝑒 −3𝑡 (cos 4𝑡 − sin 4𝑡)
2 2 2𝑎2 √2𝜋𝑡 4

3 2 𝑡 √3
(vi)𝑒 −2𝑡 (cos 𝑡 + 6 sin 𝑡) (vii)𝑒 𝑡 − 𝑒 −𝑡 (cos 2𝑡 − sin 2𝑡)(viii) sinh sin 𝑡
2 √3 2 2

1 𝑒𝑡 5𝑒 3𝑡
(ix) [(3 − 𝑡 2 ) sin 𝑡 − 3𝑡 cos 𝑡](x) − 𝑒 2𝑡 +
8 2 2

9. Find the inverse Laplace Transform of the following functions.

𝑒 − 2𝜋𝑠
(i) e − s − 3e −3s
𝑠(𝑠 2 +1) (ii)
s²
Ans:(i)(1 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑡) 𝑈(𝑡 − 2𝜋)(ii)(𝑡 − 1)𝑢(𝑡 − 1) − 3(𝑡 − 3)𝑢(𝑡 − 3)

𝑠
−
𝑒 4−3𝑠 𝑠 𝑒 2 +𝜋𝑒 −𝑠
10. Find inverse Laplace for the following: (i) 5 (ii)
𝑠 2 +𝜋2
(𝑠+4)2
3
4 (𝑡−3)2 𝑒 −4(𝑡−4) 1
Ans. (i) 𝑢(𝑡 − 3)(ii) sin 𝜋𝑡 [𝑢 (𝑡 − ) − 𝑢(𝑡 − 1)]
3√𝜋 2

11. Use convolution theorem to find the inverse Laplace transform of following functions
s s2 1
(i) (iii) (iv)
( s + 4)
2 2
( s ² + a ²)(s ² + b²) s ( s 2 + 1)
3

s 1
(ii) (v)
( s ² + 1)(s ² + 4) s ( s + 1) 2
2

𝑡 cos 𝑡−cos 2𝑡 𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑡−𝑏𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑏𝑡 𝑡2

Ans:(i) sin 2𝑡 (ii) (iii) (iv) + cos 𝑡 − 1(v)(𝑡 + 2)𝑒 −𝑡 + 𝑡 − 2
4 3 𝑎2 −𝑏 2 2

Questions on Application of Laplace Transform

12. Solve the following initial value problems using Laplace transform
(i) y''(t) + 4y'(t) + 4y(t) = 6e–t y(0) = -2, y'(0) = 8.
d²y
(ii) + 9 y = 6 cos 3x , y(0) = 2, y'(0) = 0.
dx²
d²y dy
(iii) + y = t cos 2t , t  0 given that y = = 0 for t = 0.
dt ² dt
5 4 𝑡
Ans. (i) 𝑦 = 6𝑒 −𝑡 − (8 + 2𝑡)𝑒 −2𝑡 (ii)𝑦 = 𝑥𝑠𝑖𝑛 3𝑥 + 2 cos 3𝑥 (iii)𝑦 = − sin 𝑡 + sin 2𝑡 − cos 2𝑡
9 9 3

13. Solve the following differential equations:

d3y d²y dy
(i) −3 + 3 − y = t 2 e t where 𝑦(0) = 1, 𝑦′(0) = 0, 𝑦”(0) = −2.
3 dt ² dt
dt
d²y dy
(ii) + 4 + 8 y = sin x where y(0) = 0, y'(0) = 1.
dx² dx
d²y dy
(iii) −2 + y = e x where y(0) = 1, y'(0) = 0.
dx² dx

𝑡2 𝑡5 𝑒 −2𝑥 1
Ans: (i)𝑦 = (1 − 𝑡 − + ) 𝑒 𝑡 (ii)𝑦 = (4 cos 2𝑥 + 33 sin 2𝑥) − (4 cos 𝑥 − 7 sin 𝑥)
2 60 65 65
 UNIT-2

𝑥2
(iii)𝒚 = (1 − 𝑥 + ) 𝑒𝑥
2

14. Solve the following simultaneous differential equations by Laplace transform

Dx – y = et, Dy + x = sin t, given that x(0) = 1, y(0) = 0.
dx dy
15. + y = sin t ; + x = cos t given that x = 2, y = 0 at t = 0.
dt dt
1 1
Ans:(14) 𝑥 = {𝑒 𝑡 + cos 𝑡 + 2 sin 𝑡 − 𝑡 cos 𝑡}, 𝑦 = {𝑡 sin 𝑡 − 𝑒 𝑡 + cos 𝑡 − sin 𝑡} (15)𝑥 = 2 cosh 𝑡 , 𝑦 = sin 𝑡 + 2 sinh 𝑡
2 2